Division 2 Greenhouse gas emissions from biomass fuels shall be expressed as follows:

United Kingdom

(a)

greenhouse gas emissions from biomass fuels, E, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO₂ equivalent per MJ of biomass fuel, g CO₂eq/MJ;
(b)

greenhouse gas emissions from heating or electricity, produced from biomass fuels, EC, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO₂ equivalent per MJ of final energy commodity (heat or electricity), g CO₂eq/MJ.

When heating and cooling are co-generated with electricity, emissions shall be allocated between heat and electricity (as under point 1(d)), irrespective if the heat is used for actual heating purposes or for cooling.^f1

Where the greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials e_ec are expressed in unit g CO₂eq/dry-ton of feedstock, the conversion to grams of CO₂ equivalent per MJ of fuel, g CO₂eq /MJ, shall be calculated as follows^f2:

e_{ec} {fuel}_{a} {[\frac{{gCO}_{2} eq}{MJ fuel}]}_{ec} = \frac{e_{ec} {feedstock}_{a} [\frac{{gCO}_{2} eq}{t_{dry}}]}{{LHV}_{a} [\frac{MJ feedstock}{t dry feedstock}]} \times {Fuel feedstock factor}_{a} \times {Allocation factor fuel}_{a}

Where

{Allocation factor fuel}_{a} = [\frac{Energy in fuel}{Energy fuel + Energy in co-products}]

{Fuel feedstock factor}_{a} = [Ratio of MJ feedstock required to make 1 MJ fuel]

Emissions per dry-ton feedstock shall be calculated as follows:

e_{ec} {feedstock}_{a} [\frac{{gCO}_{2} eq}{t_{dry}}] = \frac{e_{ec} {feedstock}_{a} [\frac{{gCO}_{2} eq}{t_{moist}}]}{(1 - moisture content)}

Annotations

Footnotes

f1: Heat or waste heat is used to generate cooling (chilled air or water) through absorption chillers. Therefore, it is appropriate to calculate only the emissions associated to the heat produced, per MJ of heat, irrespectively if the end-use of the heat is actual heating or cooling via absorption chillers.
f2: The formula for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials eec describes cases where feedstock is converted into biofuels in one step. For more complex supply chains, adjustments are needed for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials eec for intermediate products.