{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944.json",
  "id": "eudr/2019/944",
  "title": "Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on common rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/27/EU (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "short_title": "Directive (EU) 2019/944 on common rules for the internal market for electricity",
  "long_title": "Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on common rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/27/EU (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "citation": "EU Directive 2019/944",
  "type": "eudr",
  "year": "2019",
  "number": "944",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "2019-06-05",
  "revised": false,
  "valid_from": null,
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 0,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/introduction",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/I",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "SUBJECT MATTER AND DEFINITIONS",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "article/1",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Subject matter",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-1",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/2",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Definitions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-2",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/II",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "GENERAL RULES FOR THE ORGANISATION OF THE ELECTRICITY SECTOR",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "article/3",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Competitive, consumer-centred, flexible and non-discriminatory electricity markets",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-3",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/4",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": "Free choice of supplier",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-4",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/5",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": "Market-based supply prices",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-5",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/6",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": "Third-party access",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-6",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/7",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "7",
      "heading": "Direct lines",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-7",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/8",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "8",
      "heading": "Authorisation procedure for new capacity",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-8",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/9",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": "Public service obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-9",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/III",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "III",
      "heading": "CONSUMER EMPOWERMENT AND PROTECTION",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "article/10",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": "Basic contractual rights",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-10",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/11",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": "Entitlement to a dynamic electricity price contract",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-11",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/12",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "12",
      "heading": "Right to switch and rules on switching-related fees",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-12",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/13",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "13",
      "heading": "Aggregation contract",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-13",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/14",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "14",
      "heading": "Comparison tools",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-14",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/15",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "15",
      "heading": "Active customers",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-15",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/16",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "16",
      "heading": "Citizen energy communities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-16",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/17",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "17",
      "heading": "Demand response through aggregation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-17",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/18",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "18",
      "heading": "Bills and billing information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-18",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/19",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "19",
      "heading": "Smart metering systems",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-19",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/20",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "20",
      "heading": "Functionalities of smart metering systems",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-20",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/21",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "21",
      "heading": "Entitlement to a smart meter",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-21",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/22",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "22",
      "heading": "Conventional meters",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-22",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/23",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "23",
      "heading": "Data management",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-23",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/24",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "24",
      "heading": "Interoperability requirements and procedures for access to data",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-24",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/25",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "25",
      "heading": "Single points of contact",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-25",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/26",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "26",
      "heading": "Right to out-of-court dispute settlement",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-26",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/27",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "27",
      "heading": "Universal service",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-27",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/28",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "28",
      "heading": "Vulnerable customers",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-28",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/29",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "29",
      "heading": "Energy poverty",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-29",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/IV",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "IV",
      "heading": "DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OPERATION",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "article/30",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "30",
      "heading": "Designation of distribution system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-30",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/31",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "31",
      "heading": "Tasks of distribution system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-31",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/32",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "32",
      "heading": "Incentives for the use of flexibility in distribution networks",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-32",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/33",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "33",
      "heading": "Integration of electromobility into the electricity network",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-33",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/34",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "34",
      "heading": "Tasks of distribution system operators in data management",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-34",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/35",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "35",
      "heading": "Unbundling of distribution system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-35",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/36",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "36",
      "heading": "Ownership of energy storage facilities by distribution system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-36",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/37",
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      "number": "37",
      "heading": "Confidentiality obligation of distribution system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-37",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/38",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "38",
      "heading": "Closed distribution systems",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-38",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/39",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "39",
      "heading": "Combined operator",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-39",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/V",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "V",
      "heading": "GENERAL RULES APPLICABLE TO TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATORS",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "article/40",
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      "heading": "Tasks of transmission system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-40",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/41",
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      "heading": "Confidentiality and transparency requirements for transmission system operators and transmission system owners",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-41",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/42",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "42",
      "heading": "Decision-making powers regarding the connection of new generating installations and energy storage facilities to the transmission system",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-42",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "VI",
      "heading": "UNBUNDLING OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OPERATORS",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI/section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Ownership unbundling",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/43",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "43",
      "heading": "Ownership unbundling of transmission systems and transmission system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-43",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI/section/2",
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      "heading": "Independent system operator",
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      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/44",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "44",
      "heading": "Independent system operator",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-44",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/45",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "45",
      "heading": "Unbundling of transmission system owners",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-45",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI/section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Independent transmission operators",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/46",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "46",
      "heading": "Assets, equipment, staff and identity",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-46",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/47",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "47",
      "heading": "Independence of the transmission system operator",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-47",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/3"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/48",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "48",
      "heading": "Independence of the staff and the management of the transmission system operator",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-48",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/3"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/49",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "49",
      "heading": "Supervisory Body",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-49",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/50",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "50",
      "heading": "Compliance programme and compliance officer",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-50",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/51",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "51",
      "heading": "Network development and powers to make investment decisions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-51",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI/section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": "Designation and certification of transmission system operators",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/52",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "52",
      "heading": "Designation and certification of transmission system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-52",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/4"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/53",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "53",
      "heading": "Certification in relation to third countries",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-53",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/4"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/54",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "54",
      "heading": "Ownership of energy storage facilities by transmission system operators",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-54",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/4"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/VI/section/5",
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      "heading": "Unbundling and transparency of accounts",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/55",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "55",
      "heading": "Right of access to accounts",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-55",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/VI/section/5"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/56",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "56",
      "heading": "Unbundling of accounts",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-56",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "chapter/VIII",
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      "heading": "FINAL PROVISIONS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "article/70",
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      "heading": "Amendments to Directive 2012/27/EU",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/article-70",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/72",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "status": null,
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      "path": "annex/I",
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      "heading": "MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR BILLING AND BILLING INFORMATION",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "heading": "Minimum information to be contained on the bill and in the billing information",
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      "heading": "The following key information shall be prominently displayed to final customers in their bills, distinctly separate from other parts of the bill:",
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      "heading": "The following key information shall be prominently displayed to final customers in their bills and billing information, distinctly separate from other parts of the bill and billing information:",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/annex-I/division-1/division-1.2",
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      "heading": "Where bills are based on actual consumption or remote reading by the operator, the following information shall be made available to final customers in, with or signposted to within their bills and periodic settlement bills:",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2019-944/annex-I/division-1/division-1.3",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "status": null,
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      "heading": "SMART METERING SYSTEMS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
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      "number": "TIME-LIMIT FOR TRANSPOSITION INTO NATIONAL LAW AND",
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