# Council Regulation (EC) No 40/94 of 20 December 1993 on the Community trade mark (repealed) EU Regulation No 40/1994 · adopted 20 December 1993 Council Regulation (EC) No 40/94 of 20 December 1993 on the Community trade mark (repealed) ## Introductory text Council Regulation (EC) No 40/94 of 20 December 1993 on the Community trade mark (repealed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title I: GENERAL PROVISIONS ## 1 Community trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 2 Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 3 Capacity to act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title II: THE LAW RELATING TO TRADE MARKS ### Section 1: DEFINITION OF A COMMUNITY TRADE MARK OBTAINING A COMMUNITY TRADE MARK ## 4 Signs of which a Community trade mark may consist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 5 Persons who can be proprietors of Community trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 6 Means whereby a Community trade mark is obtained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 7 Absolute grounds for refusal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 8 Relative grounds for refusal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 9 Rights conferred by a Community trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 10 Reproduction of Community trade marks in dictionaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 11 Prohibition on the use of a Community trade mark registered in the name of an agent or representative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 12 Limitation of the effects of a Community trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 13 Exhaustion of the rights conferred by a Community trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 14 Complementary application of national law relating to infringement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: USE OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 15 Use of Community trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS AS OBJECTS OF PROPERTY ## 16 Dealing with Community trade marks as national trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 17 Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 18 Transfer of a trade mark registered in the name of an agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 19 Rights in rem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 20 Levy of execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 21 Insolvency proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 22 Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 23 Effects vis-à-vis third parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 24 The application for a Community trade mark as an object of property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title III: APPLICATION FOR COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ### Section 1: FILING OF APPLICATIONS AND THE CONDITIONS WHICH GOVERN THEM ## 25 Filing of applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 26 Conditions with which applications must comply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 27 Date of filing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 28 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: PRIORITY ## 29 Right of priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 30 Claiming priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 31 Effect of priority right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 32 Equivalence of Community filing with national filing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: EXHIBITION PRIORITY ## 33 Exhibition priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: CLAIMING THE SENIORITY OF A NATIONAL TRADE MARK ## 34 Claiming the seniority of a national trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 35 Claiming seniority after registration of the Community trade mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title IV: REGISTRATION PROCEDURE ### Section 1: EXAMINATION OF APPLICATIONS ## 36 Examination of the conditions of filing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 37 Examination of the conditions relating to the entitlement of the proprietor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 38 Examination as to absolute grounds for refusal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: SEARCH ## 39 Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: PUBLICATION OF THE APPLICATION ## 40 Publication of the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: OBSERVATIONS BY THIRD PARTIES AND OPPOSITION ## 41 Observations by third parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 42 Opposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 43 Examination of opposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 5: WITHDRAWAL, RESTRICTION, AMENDMENT AND DIVISION OF THE APPLICATION ## 44 Withdrawal, restriction and amendment of the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 44a Division of the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 6: REGISTRATION ## 45 Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title V: DURATION, RENEWAL, ALTERATION AND DIVISION OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 46 Duration of registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 47 Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 48 Alteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 48a Division of the registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title VI: SURRENDER, REVOCATION AND INVALIDITY ### Section 1: SURRENDER ## 49 Surrender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: GROUNDS FOR REVOCATION ## 50 Grounds for revocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: GROUNDS FOR INVALIDITY ## 51 Absolute grounds for invalidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 52 Relative grounds for invalidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 53 Limitation in consequence of acquiescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: CONSEQUENCES OF REVOCATION AND INVALIDITY ## 54 Consequences of revocation and invalidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 5: PROCEEDINGS IN THE OFFICE IN RELATION TO REVOCATION OR INVALIDITY ## 55 Application for revocation or for a declaration of invalidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 56 Examination of the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title VII: APPEALS ## 57 Decisions subject to appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 58 Persons entitled to appeal and to be parties to appeal proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 59 Time limit and form of appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 60 Revision of decisions in ex parte cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 60a Revision of decisions in inter partes cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 61 Examination of appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 62 Decisions in respect of appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 63 Actions before the Court of Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title VIII: COMMUNITY COLLECTIVE MARKS ## 64 Community collective marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 65 Regulations governing use of the mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 66 Refusal of the application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 67 Observations by third parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 68 Use of marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 69 Amendment of the regulations governing use of the mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 70 Persons who are entitled to bring an action for infringement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 71 Grounds for revocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 72 Grounds for invalidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title IX: PROCEDURE ### Section 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS ## 73 Statement of reasons on which decisions are based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 74 Examination of the facts by the Office of its own motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 75 Oral proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 76 Taking of evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 77 Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 77a Revocation of decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 78 Restitutio in integrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 78a Continuation of proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 79 Reference to general principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 80 Termination of financial obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: COSTS ## 81 Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 82 Enforcement of decisions fixing the amount of costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: INFORMATION OF THE PUBLIC AND OF THE OFFICIAL AUTHORITIES OF THE MEMBER STATES ## 83 Register of Community trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 84 Inspection of files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 85 Periodical publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 86 Administrative cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 87 Exchange of publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: REPRESENTATION ## 88 General principles of representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 89 Professional representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title X: JURISDICTION AND PROCEDURE IN LEGAL ACTIONS RELATING TO COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ### Section 1: APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON JURISDICTION AND ENFORCEMENT ## 90 Application of the Convention on Jurisdiction and Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: DISPUTES CONCERNING THE INFRINGEMENT AND VALIDITY OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 91 Community trade mark courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 92 Jurisdiction over infringement and validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 93 International jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 94 Extent of jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 95 Presumption of validity — Defence as to the merits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 96 Counterclaims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 97 Applicable law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 98 Sanctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 99 Provisional and protective measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 100 Specific rules on related actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 101 Jurisdiction of Community trade mark courts of second instance — Further appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: OTHER DISPUTES CONCERNING COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 102 Supplementary provisions on the jurisdiction of national courts other than Community trade mark courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 103 Obligation of the national court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: TRANSITIONAL PROVISION ## 104 Transitional provision relating to the application of the Convention on Jurisdiction and Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title XI: EFFECTS ON THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES ### Section 1: CIVIL ACTIONS ON THE BASIS OF MORE THAN ONE TRADE MARK ## 105 Simultaneous and successive civil actions on the basis of Community trade marks and national trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: APPLICATION OF NATIONAL LAWS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROHIBITING THE USE OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 106 Prohibition of use of Community trade marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 107 Prior rights applicable to particular localities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: CONVERSION INTO A NATIONAL TRADE MARK APPLICATION ## 108 Request for the application of national procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 109 Submission, publication and transmission of the request for conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 110 Formal requirements for conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title XII: THE OFFICE ### Section 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS ## 111 Legal status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 112 Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 113 Privileges and immunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 114 Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 115 Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 116 Publication; entries in the Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 118 Control of legality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 118a Access to documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: MANAGEMENT OF THE OFFICE ## 119 Powers of the President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 120 Appointment of senior officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD ## 121 Creation and powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 122 Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 123 Chairmanship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 124 Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 4: IMPLEMENTATION OF PROCEDURES ## 125 Competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 126 Examiners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 127 Opposition Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 128 Administration of Trade Marks and Legal Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 129 Cancellation Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 130 Boards of Appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 131 Independence of the members of the Boards of Appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 132 Exclusion and objection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 5: BUDGET AND FINANCIAL CONTROL ## 133 Budget Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 134 Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 135 Preparation of the budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 136 Audit and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 137 Auditing of accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 138 Financial provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 139 Fees regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title XIII: INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION OF MARKS ### Section I: GENERAL PROVISIONS ## 140 Application of provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 2: INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATIONS FOR A COMMUNITY TRADE MARK AND OF COMMUNITY TRADE MARKS ## 141 Filing of an international application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 142 Form and contents of the international application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 143 Recordal in the files and in the Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 144 Request for territorial extension subsequent to the international registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 145 International fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ### Section 3: INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATIONS DESIGNATING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ## 146 Effects of international registrations designating the European Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 147 Publication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 148 Seniority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 149 Examination as to absolute grounds for refusal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 150 Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 151 Opposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 152 Replacement of a Community trade mark by an international registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 153 Invalidation of the effects of an international registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 154 Conversion of a designation of the European Community through an international registration into a national trade mark application or into a designation of Member States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 155 Use of a mark subject of an international registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 156 Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## Title XIV: FINAL PROVISIONS ## 157 Community implementing provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 158 Establishment of a committee and procedure for the adoption of implementing regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 159 Compatibility with other Community legal provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 159a Provisions relating to the enlargement of the Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ## 160 Entry into force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/1994/40 (the official version) Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-1994-40 Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.