Division 4 Apparatus and equipment

Usual laboratory apparatus and in particular the following.

1. 4.1.

   Water bath capable of being maintained at 10 °C to 15 °C.

   Water bath capable of being maintained at 20 °C (± 0,2 °C).

2. 4.2.

   Class A volumetric flasks, 100 ml and 200 ml, that have been certified to 0,1 % and 0,15 % respectively.

3. 4.3.

   Distillation apparatus:

   1. 4.3.1.

      General requirements

      The distillation apparatus must meet the following specifications:

      • the number of joints must be no more than the strict minimum needed to ensure the system is leak-tight,

      • inclusion of a device designed to prevent priming (entrainment of the boiling liquid by the vapour) and to regularise the distillation rate of alcohol-rich vapours,

      • rapid and complete condensation of the alcohol vapours,

      • collection of the first distillation fractions in an aqueous medium.

      The heat source must be used with a suitable heat-diffuser to prevent any pyrogenic reaction involving the extractive matter.

   2. 4.3.2.

      An example of a suitable distillation apparatus is shown in Figure 1 and includes the following parts:

      • round-bottomed flask, 1 litre, with a standardised ground-glass joint,

      • rectifying column at least 20-cm high (a Vigreux column, for example),

      • elbow connector with an approximately 10-cm-long straight-rimmed condenser (a West-type condenser) fitted vertically,

      • cooling coil, 40-cm long,

      • drawn-out tube, taking the distillate to the bottom of a graduated collecting flask containing a small amount of water.