Division V Additional monitoring techniques

Additional techniques (such as litterfall collection or girth band measurements) can provide supporting and supplementary information.

Litterfall sampling provides quantitative data, e.g. about flowering, seed production, leaf/needle shedding etc.

Girth bands: Continuous measurement of changes in girth can provide information on the onset and cessation of growth and on the response of trees to stress phenomena.

Throughfall chemistry can provide additional information on the occurrence of phenological phases through changes in nutrient fluxes.