{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2010-371/annex-IV",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2010-371/annex-IV.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2010/371",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 371/2010 of 16 April 2010 replacing Annexes V, X, XV and XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2010-371",
  "path": "annex/IV",
  "kind": "annex",
  "number": "IV",
  "heading": null,
  "text": "ANNEX XVI\nSPECIFIC CONDITIONS REQUIRED FROM VIRTUAL TESTING METHODS AND REGULATORY ACTS FOR WHICH VIRTUAL TESTING METHODS MAY BE USED BY A MANUFACTURER OR A TECHNICAL SERVICE\n0.\nObjectives and scope\nThis Annex lays down appropriate provisions concerning virtual testing in accordance with Article 11(3).\nIt shall not apply to the second subparagraph of Article 11(2).\n1.\nList of regulatory acts\nNo\nRegulatory act reference\nSubject\n3.\nDirective 70/221/EEC\nFuel tanks/rear protective devices\n6.\nDirective 70/387/EEC\nDoor latches and hinges\n8.\nDirective 2003/97/EC\nIndirect vision devices\n12.\nDirective 74/60/EEC\nInterior fittings\n16.\nDirective 74/483/EEC\nExterior projections\n20.\nDirective 76/756/EEC\nInstallation of lighting and light signalling devices\n27.\nDirective 77/389/EEC\nTowing hooks\n32.\nDirective 77/649/EEC\nForward vision\n35.\nDirective 78/318/EEC\nWash/wipe\n37.\nDirective 78/549/EEC\nWheel guards\n42.\nDirective 89/297/EEC\nLateral protection\n49.\nDirective 92/114/EEC\nExternal projections of cabs\n50.\nDirective 94/20/EC\nCouplings\n52.\nDirective 2001/85/EC\nBuses and coaches\n57.\nDirective 2000/40/EC\nFront underrun protection\nAppendix 1\nGeneral conditions required from virtual testing methods\n1.\nVirtual test pattern\nThe following scheme shall be used as basis structure for describing and conducting virtual testing:\n(a) purpose;\n(b) structure model;\n(c) boundary conditions;\n(d) load assumptions;\n(e) calculation;\n(f) assessment;\n(g) documentation.\n2.\nFundamentals of computer simulation and calculation\n2.1.\nMathematical model\nThe mathematical model shall be supplied by the manufacturer. It shall reflect the complexity of the structure of the vehicle, system and components to be tested in relation to the requirements of the regulatory act and its boundary conditions.\nThe same provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis for testing components or technical units independently from the vehicle.\n2.2.\nValidation process of the mathematical model\nThe mathematical model shall be validated in comparison with the actual test conditions.\nTo that effect a physical test shall be conducted for the purposes of comparing the results obtained when using the mathematical model with the results of a physical test. Comparability of the test results shall be proven. A validation report shall be drafted by the manufacturer or by the technical service and submitted to the approval authority.\nAny change made to the mathematical model or to the software likely to invalidate the validation report shall be brought to the attention of the approval authority which may require that a new validation process is conducted.\nThe flow chart of the validation process is shown in Appendix 3.\n2.3.\nDocumentation\nThe data and auxiliary tools used for the simulation and calculation shall be made available by the manufacturer and be documented in a suitable way.\n3.\nTools and support\nAt the request of the technical service, the manufacturer shall supply or provide access to the necessary tools including appropriate software.\nIn addition he shall provide appropriate support to the technical service.\nProviding access and support to a technical service does not remove any obligation of the technical service regarding the skills of its personnel, the payment of licence rights and respect of confidentiality.\nAppendix 2\nSpecific conditions concerning virtual testing methods\n1.\nList of regulatory acts\nRegulatory act reference\nAnnex and paragraph\nSpecific conditions\n3.\nDirective 70/221/EEC\nAnnex II (Rear underrun protection)\nPoint 5.4.5.\n6.\nDirective 70/387/EEC\nAnnex II\nPoint 4.3.\n8.\nDirective 2003/97/EC\nAnnex III\nAll provisions in Sections 3, 4 and 5.\nPrescribed fields of vision of rear-view mirrors.\n12.\nDirective 74/60/EEC\nAnnex I\nAll provisions in Section 5 (Specifications).\nMeasurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.\nAnnex II\nDetermination of the head-impact zone.\n16.\nDirective 74/483/EEC\nAnnex I\nAll provisions in Section 5 (General specifications) and Section 6 (Particular specifications).\nMeasurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.\n20.\nDirective 76/756/EEC\nSection 6 (Individual specifications) of UNECE Regulation No 48.\nThe test drive provided for in Point 6.22.9.2.2 shall be performed on a real vehicle.\nProvisions of Annexes 4, 5 and 6 to UNECE Regulation No 48.\n27.\nDirective 77/389/EEC\nAnnex II, Section 2\n32.\nDirective 77/649/EEC\nSection 5 (Specifications) of Annex I.\n35.\nDirective 78/318/EEC\nAnnex I\nPoint 5.1.2. Measurement of the swept area only.\n37.\nDirective 78/549/EEC\nSection 2 (Special requirements) of Annex I\n42.\nDirective 89/297/EEC\nAnnex I Point 2.8.\nResistance under a horizontal force and deflection measurement.\n49.\nDirective 92/114/EEC\nAnnex I\nAll provisions in Section 4 (Specific requirements).\nRegarding N1 vehicles, the provisions referred to in item 16 of this Appendix shall apply.\nMeasurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.\n50.\nDirective 94/20/EC\nAnnex V “Requirements for mechanical coupling Devices”\nAll provisions of Sections 1 to 8 included.\nAnnex VI Point 1.1.\nStrength tests on mechanicals couplings of simple design may be replaced by virtual tests.\nSection 4 of Annex VI “Testing of mechanical coupling devices”\nPoints 4.5.1. (Strength test), 4.5.2. (Resistance to buckling) and 4.5.3. (Resistance to bending moment) only.\n52.\nDirective 2001/85/EC\nAnnex I\nPoint 7.4.5. Stability test under the conditions specified in the Appendix to Annex I.\nAnnex IV Strength of superstructure\nAppendix 4 — Verification of strength of the superstructure by calculation.\n57.\nDirective 2000/40/EC\nSection 3 of Annex 5 to UNECE Regulation 93.\nResistance under a horizontal force and deflection measurement.\nAppendix 3\nValidation process",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2010/371/annex/IV",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:50:49.969992+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}