# Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and amending Annexes I and III to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance), Annex IX: SPECIFICATIONS OF REFERENCE FUELS

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

Technical data on fuels for testing compression ignition and dual-fuel engines
Type: Diesel (B7)
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘ true values ’ . In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products – Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
The range for cetane number is not in accordance with the requirements of a minimum range of 4R. However, in the case of a dispute between fuel supplier and fuel user, the terms of ISO 4259 may be used to resolve such disputes provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to archive the necessary precision, are made in preference to single determinations.
Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shelf life will be limited. Advice shall be sought from the supplier as to storage conditions and life.
FAME content to meet the specification of EN 14214.
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Test method
Minimum
Maximum
Cetane Index
46,0
EN ISO 4264
Cetane number
52,0
56,0
EN ISO 5165
Density at 15 °C
kg/m 3
833,0
837,0
EN ISO 12185
Distillation:
—
50 % point
°C
245,0
—
EN ISO 3405
—
95 % point
°C
345,0
360,0
EN ISO 3405
—
final boiling point
°C
—
370,0
EN ISO 3405
Flash point
°C
55
—
EN ISO 2719
Cloud point
°C
—
– 10
EN 23015
Viscosity at 40 °C
mm 2 /s
2,3
3,3
EN ISO 3104
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
% m/m
2,0
4,0
EN 12916
Sulphur content
mg/kg
—
10,0
EN ISO 20846
EN ISO 20884
Copper corrosion 3hrs, 50 °C
—
Class 1
EN ISO 2160
Conradson carbon residue (10 % DR)
% m/m
—
0,2
EN ISO 10370
Ash content
% m/m
—
0,01
EN ISO 6245
Total contamination
mg/kg
—
24
EN 12662
Water content
mg/kg
—
200
EN ISO 12937
Acid number
mg KOH/g
—
0,1
EN ISO 6618
Lubricity (HFRR wear scan diameter at 60 °C)
μm
—
400
EN ISO 12156
Oxidation stability at 110 °C
h
20,0
EN 15751
FAME
% v/v
6,0
7,0
EN 14078
Type: Ethanol for dedicated compression-ignition engines (ED95)
Additives, such as cetane improver as specified by the engine manufacturer, may be added to the ethanol fuel, as long as no negative side effects are known. If these conditions are satisfied, the maximum allowed amount is 10 % m/m.
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
Equivalent EN/ISO methods will be adopted when issued for properties listed above.
Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of EN 15489 shall be applied.
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Test method
Minimum
Maximum
Total alcohol (Ethanol incl. content on higher saturated alcohols)
% m/m
92,4
EN 15721
Other higher saturated mono-alcohols (C3-C5)
% m/m
2,0
EN 15721
Methanol
% m/m
0,3
EN 15721
Density at 15 °C
kg/m3
793,0
815,0
EN-ISO 12185
Acidity, calculated as acetic acid
% m/m
0,0025
EN 15491
Appearance
Bright and clear
Flashpoint
°C
10
EN 3679
Dry residue
mg/kg
15
EN 15691
Water content
% m/m
6,5
EN 15489
EN-ISO 12937
EN 15692
Aldehydes calculated as acetaldehyde
% m/m
0,0050
ISO 1388-4
Esters calculated as ethylacetat
% m/m
0,1
ASTM D1617
Sulphur content
mg/kg
10,0
EN 15485
EN 15486
Sulphates
mg/kg
4,0
EN 15492
Particulate contamination
mg/kg
24
EN 12662
Phosphorus
mg/l
0,2
EN 15487
Inorganic chloride
mg/kg
1,0
EN 15484 or EN 15492
Copper
mg/kg
0,1
EN 15488
Electrical Conductivity
μS/cm
2,5
DIN 51627-4 or
prEN 15938
Technical data on fuels for testing positive ignition and dual-fuel engines
Type: Petrol (E10)
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘ true values ’ . In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
A correction factor of 0,2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance with EN 228:2008.
The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to stabilise refinery gasoline streams, but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added.
Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The ethanol used shall conform to EN 15376.
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 6 test shall be reported.
There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel.
( 2 ) Equivalent EN/ISO methods will be adopted when issued for properties listed above.
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Test method
Minimum
Maximum
Research octane number, RON
95,0
98,0
EN ISO 5164
Motor octane number, MON
85,0
89,0
EN ISO 5163
Density at 15 °C
kg/m 3
743,0
756,0
EN ISO 12185
Vapour pressure (DVPE)
kPa
56,0
60,0
EN 13016-1
Water content
max 0,05 % v/v
Appearance at – 7 °C: clear and bright
EN 12937
Distillation:
—
evaporated at 70 °C
% v/v
34,0
46,0
EN ISO 3405
—
evaporated at 100 °C
% v/v
54,0
62,0
EN ISO 3405
—
evaporated at 150 °C
% v/v
86,0
94,0
EN ISO 3405
—
final boiling point
°C
170
195
EN ISO 3405
Residue
% v/v
—
2,0
EN ISO 3405
Hydrocarbon analysis:
—
olefins
% v/v
6,0
13,0
EN 22854
—
aromatics
% v/v
25,0
32,0
EN 22854
—
benzene
% v/v
—
1,0
EN 22854 EN 238
—
saturates
% v/v
report
EN 22854
Carbon/hydrogen ratio
report
Carbon/oxygen ratio
report
Induction Period
minutes
480
—
EN ISO 7536
Oxygen content
% m/m
3,3
3,7
EN 22854
Solvent washed gum (Existent gum content)
mg/100 ml
—
4
EN ISO 6246
Sulphur content
mg/kg
—
10
EN ISO 20846
EN ISO 20884
Copper corrosion 3hrs, 50 °C
—
class 1
EN ISO 2160
Lead content
mg/l
—
5
EN 237
Phosphorus content
mg/l
—
1,3
ASTM D 3231
Ethanol
% v/v
9,0
10,0
EN 22854
Type: Ethanol (E85)
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the emission tests shall be reported.
Ethanol to meet specification of EN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to this reference fuel.
The unleaded petrol content can be determined as 100 minus the sum of the percentage content of water, alcohols, MTBE and ETBE.
There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel.
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Test method
Minimum
Maximum
Research octane number, RON
95,0
—
EN-ISO 5164
Motor octane number, MON
85,0
—
EN-ISO 5163
Density at 15 °C
kg/m3
Report
ISO 3675
Vapour pressure
kPa
40,0
60,0
EN-ISO 13016-1 (DVPE)
Sulphur content
mg/kg
—
10
EN 15485 or
EN 15486
Oxidation stability
Minutes
360
EN-ISO 7536
Existent gum content (solvent washed)
mg/100 ml
—
5
EN-ISO 6246
Appearance
This shall be determined at ambient temperature or 15 °C whichever is higher.
Clear and bright, visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants
Visual inspection
Ethanol and higher alcohols
% v/v
83
85
EN 1601
EN 13132
EN 14517
E DIN 51627-3
Higher alcohols (C3-C8)
% v/v
—
2,0
E DIN 51627-3
Methanol
% v/v
1,0
E DIN 51627-3
Petrol
% v/v
Balance
EN 228
Phosphorus
mg/l
0,2
EN 15487
Water content
% v/v
0,3
EN 15489 or
EN 15692
Inorganic chloride content
mg/l
1
EN 15492
pHe
6,5
9,0
EN 15490
Copper strip corrosion
(3 h at 50 °C)
Rating
Class 1
EN ISO 2160
Acidity, (as acetic acid CH3COOH)
% m/m
(mg/l)
—
0,005
(40)
EN 15491
Electric Conductivity
μS/cm
1,5
DIN 51627-4
or
prEN 15938
Carbon/hydrogen ratio
report
Carbon/oxygen ratio
report
Type: LPG
Balance shall be read as follows: balance = 100 - C3 - < C3 - > C4.
This method may not accurately determine the presence of corrosive materials if the sample contains corrosion inhibitors or other chemicals which diminish the corrosivity of the sample to the copper strip. Therefore, the addition of such compounds for the sole purpose of biasing the test method is prohibited.
At the request of the engine manufacturer, a higher MON could be used to perform the type-approval tests.
Parameter
Unit
Fuel A
Fuel B
Test method
Composition:
EN 27941
C3-content
% v/v
30 ± 2
85 ± 2
C4-content
% v/v
Balance
Balance
< C3, > C4
% v/v
Maximum 2
Maximum 2
Olefins
% v/v
Maximum 12
Maximum 15
Evaporation residue
mg/kg
Maximum 50
Maximum 50
EN 15470
Water at 0 °C
Free
Free
EN 15469
Total sulphur content including odorant
mg/kg
Maximum 10
Maximum 10
EN 24260, ASTM D 3246
ASTM 6667
Hydrogen sulphide
None
None
EN-ISO 8819
Copper strip corrosion
(1 h at 40 °C)
Rating
Class 1
Class 1
ISO 6251
Odour
Characteristic
Characteristic
Motor octane number
Minimum 89,0
Minimum 89,0
EN 589 Annex B
Type: Natural gas/biomethane
Notes:
Inerts + C 2+
Value to be determined at standard conditions 293,2 K (20 °C) and 101,3 kPa.
Characteristics
Units
Basis
Limits
Test method
minimum
maximum
Reference fuel G R
Composition:
Methane
87
84
89
Ethane
13
11
15
Balance
% mole
—
—
1
ISO 6974
Sulphur content
mg/m 3
—
10
ISO 6326-5
Notes:
Inerts (different from N 2 ) + C 2 + C 2+
Value to be determined at 293,2 K (20 °C) and 101,3 kPa.
Reference fuel G 23
Composition:
Methane
92,5
91,5
93,5
Balance
% mole
—
—
1
ISO 6974
N 2
% mole
7,5
6,5
8,5
Sulphur content
mg/m 3
—
—
10
ISO 6326-5
Notes:
Inerts (different from N 2 ) + C 2 + C 2+
Value to be determined at 293,2 K (20 °C) and 101,3 kPa.
Reference fuel G 25
Composition:
Methane
% mole
86
84
88
Balance
% mole
—
—
1
ISO 6974
N 2
% mole
14
12
16
Sulphur content
mg/m 3
—
—
10
ISO 6326-5
Notes:
Inerts (different from N 2 ) + C 2 + C 2 +.
Value to be determined at 293,2 K (20 °C) and 101,3 kPa.
Value to be determined at 273,2 K (0 °C) and 101,3 kPa.
Reference fuel G 20
Composition:
Methane
% mole
100
99
100
ISO 6974
Balance
% mole
—
—
1
ISO 6974
N 2
% mole
ISO 6974
Sulphur content
mg/m 3
—
—
10
ISO 6326-5
Wobbe Index (net)
MJ/m 3
48,2
47,2
49,2

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2011/582/annex/IX (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2011-582/annex-IX
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.