{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2012-923/annex/section-5/division-SERA.5001",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2012-923/annex/section-5/division-SERA.5001.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2012/923",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 of 26 September 2012 laying down the common rules of the air and operational provisions regarding services and procedures in air navigation and amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1035/2011 and Regulations (EC) No 1265/2007, (EC) No 1794/2006, (EC) No 730/2006, (EC) No 1033/2006 and (EU) No 255/2010 (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2012-923",
  "path": "annex/section/5/division/SERA.5001",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "SERA.5001",
  "heading": "VMC visibility and distance from cloud minima",
  "text": "VMC visibility and distance from cloud minima are contained in Table S5-1.\nWhen the height of the transition altitude is lower than 3 050 m (10 000 ft) AMSL, FL 100 shall be used in lieu of 10 000 ft.\nThe VMC minima in Class A airspace are included for guidance to pilots and do not imply acceptance of VFR flights in Class A airspace.\nA VFR flight in airspace class D is also deemed to have complied with Table S5-1 if the aircraft is flown:\n(a) during day;\n(b) at or below 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher;\n(c) at an indicated airspeed of 140 kts or less to give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstacles in time to avoid collision; and\n(d) remaining clear of cloud, with the surface in sight and:\n(1) for aircraft other than helicopters, with a flight visibility of at least 5 km;\n(2) for helicopters, with a flight visibility of at least 1 500 m.\nA VFR flight in airspace class F or G is also deemed to have complied with Table S5-1 if the aircraft is flown:\n(a) during day;\n(b) at or below 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher;\n(c) at an indicated airspeed of 140 kts or less to give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstacles in time to avoid collision; and\n(d) with a flight visibility of at least 1 500 m.\nTable S5-1\nAltitude band\nAirspace class\nFlight visibility\nDistance from cloud\nAt and above 3 050 m (10 000 ft) AMSL\nA B C D E F G\n8 km\n1 500 m horizontally\n300 m (1 000 ft) vertically\nBelow 3 050 m (10 000 ft) AMSL and above 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or above 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher\nA B C D E F G\n5 km\n1 500 m horizontally\n300 m (1 000 ft) vertically\nAt and below 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher\nAB C DE\n5 km\n1 500 m horizontally\n300 m (1 000 ft) vertically\nF G\n5 km\nClear of cloud and with the surface in sight",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Annex s. 5 SERA.5001 Table S5-1 footnote c substituted (20.5.2021) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/10), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Annex s. 5 SERA.5001 Table S5-1 footnote d inserted (20.5.2021) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/10), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(c)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in Annex s. 5 SERA.5001 Table S5-1 substituted (20.5.2021) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/10), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "When the height of the transition altitude is lower than 3 050 m (10 000 ft) AMSL, FL 100 shall be used in lieu of 10 000 ft."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "The VMC minima in Class A airspace are included for guidance to pilots and do not imply acceptance of VFR flights in Class A airspace."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "A VFR flight in airspace class D is also deemed to have complied with Table S5-1 if the aircraft is flown:(a) during day;(b) at or below 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher;(c) at an indicated airspeed of 140 kts or less to give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstacles in time to avoid collision; and(d) remaining clear of cloud, with the surface in sight and:(1) for aircraft other than helicopters, with a flight visibility of at least 5 km;(2) for helicopters, with a flight visibility of at least 1 500 m."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "A VFR flight in airspace class F or G is also deemed to have complied with Table S5-1 if the aircraft is flown:(a) during day;(b) at or below 900 m (3 000 ft) AMSL, or 300 m (1 000 ft) above terrain, whichever is the higher;(c) at an indicated airspeed of 140 kts or less to give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstacles in time to avoid collision; and(d) with a flight visibility of at least 1 500 m."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2012/923/annex/section/5/division/SERA.5001",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:49:10.260453+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}