{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2013-168/annex-I",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2013-168/annex-I.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2013/168",
  "legislation_title": "Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2013-168",
  "path": "annex/I",
  "kind": "annex",
  "number": "I",
  "heading": null,
  "text": "Vehicle classification\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL1e-L7e\nAll L-category vehicles\n(1) length ≤ 4 000 mm or ≤ 3 000 mm for a L6e-B vehicle or ≤ 3 700 mm for a L7e-C vehicle, and\n(2) width ≤ 2 000 mm, or ≤ 1 000 mm for a L1e vehicle, or ≤ 1 500 mm for a L6e-B or a L7e-C vehicle and\n(3) height ≤ 2 500 mm and\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL1e\nLight two-wheel powered vehicle\n(4) two wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a PI internal combustion engine forms part of the vehicle’s propulsion configuration and\n(6) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 45 km/h and\n(7) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 4 000 W and\n(8) maximum mass technically permissible mass declared by the manufacturer and\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL1e-A\nPowered cycle\n(9) cycles designed to pedal equipped with an auxiliary propulsion with the primary aim to aid pedalling and\n(10) output of auxiliary propulsion is cut off at a vehicle speed ≤ 25 km/h and\n(11) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 1 000 W and\n(12) a powered three- or four-wheel cycle complying with supplemental specific sub-classification criteria (9) to (11) is classified as being technically equivalent to a two-wheel L1e-A vehicle.\nL1e-B\nTwo-wheel moped\n(9) any other vehicle of the L1e category that cannot be classified according to the criteria (9) to (12) of a L1e-A vehicle.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL2e\nThree-wheel moped\n(4) three wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a PI internal combustion engine or engine capacity ≤ 500 cm3 if a CI combustion engine forms part of the vehicle’s propulsion configuration and\n(6) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 45 km/h and\n(7) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 4 000 W and\n(8) mass in running order ≤ 270 kg and\n(9) equipped with a maximum of two seating positions, including the seating position for the driver and\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL2e-P\nThree-wheel moped for passenger transport\n(10) L2e vehicle other than those complying with the specific classification criteria for a L2e-U vehicle.\nL2e-U\nThree-wheel moped for utility purposes\n(10) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed, virtually even and horizontal loading bed that meets the following criteria:\n(a) length loading bed × width loading bed ≥ 0,3 × Length vehicle × maximum Width vehicle or\n(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above in order to install machines and/or equipment and\n(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid partition from the area reserved for the vehicle occupants and\n(d) the loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume represented by a 600 mm cube.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL3e (2)\nTwo-wheel motorcycle\n(4) two wheels and powered by propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) maximum mass technically permissible mass declared by the manufacturer and\n(6) two-wheel vehicle that cannot be classified as category L1e.\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL3e-A1\nLow-performance motorcycle\n(7) engine capacity ≤ 125 cm3 and\n(8) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 11 kW and\n(9) power (1)/weight ratio ≤ 0,1 kW/kg.\nL3e-A2\nMedium-performance motorcycle\n(7) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 35 kW and\n(8) power (1)/weight ratio ≤ 0,2 kW/kg and\n(9) not derived from a vehicle equipped with an engine of more than double its power (1) and\n(10) L3e vehicle that cannot be classified under supplemental sub-classification criteria (7), (8) and (9) of a L3e-A1 vehicle.\nL3e-A3\nHigh-performance motorcycle\n(7) any other L3e vehicle that cannot be classified according to the classification criteria of a L3e-A1 or L3e-A2 vehicle.\nSub-sub-categories\nSub-Subcategory name\nSub-Sub-classification criteria in addition to the sub-classification criteria of L3e-A1, L3e-A2 or L3e-A3 vehicles\nL3e-AxE\n(x = 1, 2 or 3)\nEnduro motorcycles\n(a) seat height ≥ 900 mm and\n(b) ground clearance ≥ 310 mm and\n(c) overall gear ratio in highest gear (primary gear ratio × secondary gear ratio in the highest speed × final drive ratio) ≥ 6,0 and\n(d) mass in running order plus the mass of the propulsion battery in case of electric or hybrid electric propulsion ≤ 140 kg and\n(e) no seating position for a passenger.\nL3e-AxT\n(x = 1, 2 or 3)\nTrial motorcycles\n(a) seat height ≤ 700 mm and\n(b) ground clearance ≥ 280 mm and\n(c) fuel tank capacity ≤ 4 litres and\n(d) overall gear ratio in highest gear (primary gear ratio × secondary gear ratio in the highest speed × final drive ratio) ≥ 7,5 and\n(e) mass in running order ≤ 100 kg and\n(f) no seating position for a passenger.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL4e\nTwo-wheel motorcycle with side-car\n(4) base powered vehicle complying with the classification and subclassification criteria for a L3e vehicle and\n(5) base powered vehicle equipped with one side-car and\n(6) with a maximum of four seating positions including the driver on the motorcycle with side car and\n(7) a maximum of two seating positions for passengers in the side car and\n(8) maximum mass technically permissible mass declared by the manufacturer.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL5e\nPowered tricycle\n(4) three wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) mass in running order ≤ 1 000 kg and\n(6) three-wheel vehicle that cannot be classified as a L2e vehicle and\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL5e-A\nTricycle\n(7) L5e vehicle other than those complying with the specific classification criteria for a L5e-B vehicle and\n(8) with a maximum of five seating positions, including the seating position of the driver.\nL5e-B\nCommercial tricycle\n(7) designed as a utility vehicle and characterised by an enclosed driving and passenger compartment accessible by maximum three sides and\n(8) equipped with a maximum of two seating positions, including the seating position for the driver and\n(9) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed, virtually even and horizontal loading bed that meets the following criteria:\n(a) length loading bed × width loading bed ≥ 0,3 × Length vehicle × Width vehicle or\n(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above designed to install machines and/or equipment and\n(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid partition from the area reserved for the vehicle occupants and\n(d) the loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume represented by a 600 mm cube.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL6e\nLight quadricycle\n(4) four wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 45 km/h and\n(6) the mass in running order ≤ 425 kg and\n(7) engine capacity ≤ 50 cm3 if a PI engine or engine capacity ≤ 500 cm3 if a CI engine forms part of the vehicle’s propulsion configuration and\n(8) equipped with a maximum of two seating positions, including the seating position for the driver and\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL6e-A\nLight on-road quad\n(9) L6e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L6e-B vehicle and\n(10) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 4 000 W.\nL6e-B\nLight quadri-mobile\n(9) enclosed driving and passenger compartment accessible by maximum three sides and\n(10) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 6 000 W and\nSub-sub-categories\nSub-subcategory name\nSub-sub-classification criteria in addition to the sub-classification criteria of a L6e-B vehicle\nL6e-BP\nLight quadri-mobile for passenger transport\n(11) L6e-B vehicle mainly designed for passenger transport and\n(12) L6e-B vehicle other than those complying with the specific classification criterion for a L6e-BU vehicle.\nL6e-BU\nLight quadri-mobile for utility purposes\n(11) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed, virtually even and horizontal loading bed that meets the following criteria:\n(a) length loading bed × width loading bed ≥ 0,3 × Length vehicle × Width vehicle or\n(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above in order to install machines and/or equipment and\n(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid partition from the area reserved for the vehicle occupants and\n(d) the loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume represented by a 600 mm cube.\nCategory\nCategory name\nCommon classification criteria\nL7e\nHeavy quadricycle\n(4) four wheels and powered by a propulsion as listed under Article 4(3) and\n(5) mass in running order:\n(a) ≤ 450 kg for transport of passengers;\n(b) ≤ 600 kg for transport of goods.\nand\n(6) L7e vehicle that cannot be classified as a L6e vehicle and\nSub-categories\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL7e-A\nHeavy on-road quad\n(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-B or a L7e-C vehicle and\n(8) vehicle designed for the transport of passengers only and\n(9) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 15 kW and\nSub-Sub categories\nSub-Sub category name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL7e-A1\nA1 heavy on-road quad\n(10) maximum two straddle seating positions, including the seating position for the rider and\n(11) handlebar to steer.\nL7e-A2\nA2 heavy on-road quad\n(10) L7e-A vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-A1 vehicle and\n(11) maximum two non-straddle seating positions, including the seating position for the driver.\nSub-category\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL7e-B\nHeavy all terrain quad\n(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-C vehicle and\n(8) ground clearance ≥180 mm and\nSub-Sub categories\nSub-Sub category name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL7e-B1\nAll terrain quad\n(9) maximum two straddle seating positions, including the seating position for the rider and\n(10) equipped with a handlebar to steer and\n(11) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 90 km/h and\n(12) wheelbase to ground clearance ratio ≤ 6.\nL7e-B2\nSide-by-side buggy\n(9) L7e-B vehicle other than a L7e-B1 vehicle and\n(10) maximum three non-straddle seats of which two positioned side-by-side, including the seating position for the driver and\n(11) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 15 kW and\n(12) wheelbase to ground clearance ratio ≤ 8.\nSub-category\nSubcategory name\nSupplemental sub-classification criteria\nL7e-C\nHeavy quadri-mobile\n(7) L7e vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-B vehicle and\n(8) maximum continuous rated or net power (1) ≤ 15 kW and\n(9) maximum design vehicle speed ≤ 90 km/h and\n(10) enclosed driving and passenger compartment accessible via maximum three sides and\nSub-sub-categories\nSub-subcategory name\nSub-sub-classification criteria in addition to the sub-classification criteria of a L7e-C vehicle\nL7e-CP\nHeavy quadri-mobile for passenger transport\n(11) L7e-C vehicle not complying with the specific classification criteria for a L7e-CU vehicle and\n(12) maximum four non-straddle seats, including the seating position for the driver.\nL7e-CU\nHeavy quadri-mobile for utility purposes\n(11) exclusively designed for the carriage of goods with an open or enclosed, virtually even and horizontal loading bed that meets the following criteria:\n(a) length loading bed × width loading bed ≥ 0,3 × Length vehicle × Width vehicle or\n(b) an equivalent loading bed area as defined above designed to install machines and/or equipment and\n(c) designed with a loading bed area which is clearly separated by a rigid partition from the area reserved for the vehicle occupants and\n(d) the loading bed area shall be able to carry a minimum volume represented by a 600 mm cube and\n(12) maximum two non-straddle seats, including the seating position for the driver.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2013/168/annex/I",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:48:49.743755+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}