{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2016-2031/annex-I/section-1/division-4",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2016-2031/annex-I/section-1/division-4.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2016/2031",
  "legislation_title": "Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 of the European Parliament of the Council of 26 October 2016 on protective measures against pests of plants, amending Regulations (EU) No 228/2013, (EU) No 652/2014 and (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directives 69/464/EEC, 74/647/EEC, 93/85/EEC, 98/57/EC, 2000/29/EC, 2006/91/EC and 2007/33/EC",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2016-2031",
  "path": "annex/I/section/1/division/4",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "(4)",
  "heading": "Potential economic, social and environmental impact",
  "text": "The entry, establishment and spread of the pest in the territory in question, or, if present but not widely distributed, in the part of that territory where it is absent, shall have an unacceptable economic, social and/or environmental impact on that territory, or the part of that territory where it is not widely distributed, as regards one or more of the following points:\n(a)crop losses in terms of yield and quality;\n(b)costs of control measures;\n(c)costs of replanting and/or losses due to the necessity of growing substitute plants;\n(d)effects on existing production practices;\n(e)effects on street trees, parks and natural and planted areas;\n(f)effects on native plants, biodiversity and ecosystem services;\n(g)effects on the establishment, spread and impact of other pests, for example due to the capacity of the pest concerned to act as a vector for other pests;\n(h)changes to producer costs or input demands, including control costs and costs of eradication and containment;\n(i)effects on producer profits that result from changes in quality, production costs, yields or price levels;\n(j)changes to domestic or foreign consumer demand for a product resulting from quality changes;\n(k)effects on domestic and export markets and prices paid, including effects on export market access and likelihood of phytosanitary restrictions imposed by trading partners;\n(l)resources needed for additional research and advice;\n(m)environmental and other undesired effects of control measures;\n(n)effects on Natura 2000 within the meaning of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 or other protected areas;\n(o)changes in ecological processes and the structure, stability or processes of an ecosystem, including further effects on plant species, erosion, water table changes, fire hazards, nutrient cycling;\n(p)costs of environmental restoration and prevention measures;\n(q)effects on food security and food safety;\n(r)effects on employment;\n(s)effects on water quality, recreation, tourism, landscape heritage, animal grazing, hunting, fishing.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in Annex 1 Section 1(4)(n) inserted (31.12.2020) by The Plant Health (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/1482), regs. 1(2)(b), 35(2)(b) (with regs. 53, 55)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2016/2031/annex/I/section/1/division/4",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:45:21.622458+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}