Annex I

Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 is amended as follows:

1. A..

   Part 1 is amended as follows:

   1. (1)

      The title of Section 1.1.3.4 is replaced by the following:

      ‘1.1.3.4

      Interpolation within one hazard category ’

   2. (2)

      Section 1.3.6 is replaced by the following:

      ‘1.3.6

      Substances or mixtures classified as corrosive to metals but not classified as skin corrosion or as serious eye damage (Category 1)

      Substances or mixtures classified as corrosive to metals but not classified as skin corrosion or as serious eye damage (Category 1) which are in the finished state and packaged for consumer use do not require on the label the hazard pictogram GHS05.’

2. B..

   Part 2 is amended as follows:

   1. (1)

      Section 2.1.3 is replaced by the following:

      ‘2.1.3

      Hazard Communication

      Label elements shall be used for substances, mixtures or articles meeting the criteria for classification in this hazard class in accordance with Table 2.1.2.

      Table 2.1.2

      Label elements for explosives

      Classification	Unstable Explosive	Division 1.1	Division 1.2	Division 1.3	Division 1.4	Division 1.5	Division 1.6
      GHS Pictograms
      Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Danger	Danger	Warning	Danger	No signal word
      Hazard Statement	H200: Unstable Explosive	H201: Explosive; mass explosion hazard	H202: Explosive; severe projection hazard	H203: Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard	H204: Fire or projection hazard	H205: May mass explode in fire	No hazard statement
      Precautionary Statement Prevention	P201 P250 P280	P210 P230 P234 P240 P250 P280	P210 P230 P234 P240 P250 P280	P210 P230 P234 P240 P250 P280	P210 P234 P240 P250 P280	P210 P230 P234 P240 P250 P280	No precautionary statement
      Precautionary Statement Response	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373 P370 + P380 + P375	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	No precautionary statement
      Precautionary Statement Storage	P401	P401	P401	P401	P401	P401	No precautionary statement
      Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501	P501	P501	P501	No precautionary statement

      NOTE 1: Unpackaged explosives or explosives repackaged in packaging other than the original or similar packaging shall include all of the following label elements:

      1. (a)

         the pictogram: exploding bomb;

      2. (b)

         the signal word “Danger”; and

      3. (c)

         the hazard statement: “Explosive; mass explosion hazard”

      unless the hazard is shown to correspond to one of the hazard categories in Table 2.1.2, in which case the corresponding symbol, the signal word and/or the hazard statement shall be assigned.

      NOTE 2: Substances and mixtures, as supplied, with a positive result in Test Series 2 in Part I, Section 12, of the UN RTDG, Manual of Tests and Criteria, which are exempted from classification as explosives (based on a negative result in Test Series 6 in Part I, Section 16 of the UN RTDG, Manual of Tests and Criteria) still have explosive properties. The user shall be informed of these intrinsic explosive properties because they have to be considered for handling — especially if the substance or mixture is removed from its packaging or is repackaged — and for storage. For this reason, the explosive properties of the substance or mixture shall be communicated in Section 2 (Hazards identification) and Section 9 (Physical and chemical properties) of the Safety Data Sheet and other sections of the Safety Data Sheet, as appropriate.’

   2. (2)

      In Section 2.1.4, Figure 2.1.3 is replaced by the following:

      ‘ Figure 2.1.3

      Procedure for assignment to a division in the class of explosives (Class 1 for transport) ’

      

   3. (3)

      In Section 2.2.3, Table 2.2.3 is replaced by the following:

      ‘

      Table 2.2.3

      Label elements for flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)

      Classification	Flammable gas		Chemically unstable gas
      	Category 1	Category 2	Category A	Category B
      GHS Pictogram		No pictogram	No additional pictogram	No additional pictogram
      Signal Word	Danger	Warning	No additional signal word	No additional signal word
      Hazard Statement	H220: Extremely flammable gas	H221: Flammable gas	Additional hazard statement H230: May react explosively even in the absence of air	Additional hazard statement H231: May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
      Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210	P210	P202	P202
      Precautionary Statement Response	P377 P381	P377 P381
      Precautionary Statement Storage	P403	P403
      Precautionary Statement Disposal

      ’

   4. (4)

      Section 2.3.2.1 is replaced by the following:

      ‘2.3.2.1.

      Aerosols shall be classified in one of the three categories of this hazard class, depending on their flammable properties and their heat of combustion. They shall be considered for classification in Category 1 or 2 if they contain more than 1 % components (by mass) which are classified as flammable according to the following criteria set out in this Part:

      • Flammable gases (see Section 2.2);

      • Liquids with a flash point ≤ 93 °C, which includes Flammable Liquids according to Section 2.6;

      • Flammable solids (see Section 2.7);

      or if their heat of combustion is at least 20 kJ/g.

      NOTE 1: Flammable components do not cover pyrophoric, self-heating or water-reactive substances and mixtures because such components are never used as aerosol contents.

      NOTE 2: Aerosols do not fall additionally within the scope of Sections 2.2 (flammable gases), 2.5 (gases under pressure), 2.6 (flammable liquids) and 2.7 (flammable solids). Depending on their contents, aerosols may however fall within the scope of other hazard classes, including their labelling elements.’

   5. (5)

      In Section 2.3.2, Figure 2.3.1(a) is replaced by the following:

      ‘ Figure 2.3.1(a) for aerosols ’

      

   6. (6)

      In Section 2.3.3, the heading of Table 2.3.1 is replaced by the following:

      ‘ Label elements for aerosols ’

   7. (7)

      In Section 2.5.3, Table 2.5.2 is replaced by the following:

      ‘

      Table 2.5.2

      Label elements for gases under pressure

      Classification	Compressed gas	Liquefied gas	Refrigerated liquefied gas	Dissolved gas
      GHS Pictograms
      Signal Word	Warning	Warning	Warning	Warning
      Hazard Statement	H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated	H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated	H281: Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury	H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
      Precautionary Statement Prevention			P282
      Precautionary Statement Response			P336 + P315
      Precautionary Statement Storage	P410 + P403	P410 + P403	P403	P410 + P403
      Precautionary Statement Disposal

      ’

   8. (8)

      In Section 2.8.3, Table 2.8.1 is replaced by the following:

      ‘

      Table 2.8.1

      Label elements for self-reactive substances and mixtures

      Type G has no hazard communication elements assigned but should be considered for properties belonging to other hazard classes.
      See the introduction to Annex IV for details on the use of square brackets.
      Classification	Type A	Type B	Type C & D	Type E & F	Type Gf1
      GHS Pictograms					There are no label elements allocated to this hazard category
      Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Danger	Warning
      Hazard Statement	H240: Heating may cause an explosion	H241: Heating may cause a fire or explosion	H242: Heating may cause a fire	H242: Heating may cause a fire
      Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280
      Precautionary Statement Response	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P380 + P375 [+ P378]f2	P370 + P378	P370 + P378
      Precautionary Statement Storage	P403 P411 P420	P403 P411 P420	P403 P411 P420	P403 P411 P420
      Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501	P501

      ’

   9. (9)

      In Section 2.8.4, Figure 2.8.1 is replaced by the following:

      ‘ Figure 2.8.1

      Self-reactive substances and mixtures ’

      

   10. (10)

       In Section 2.9.3, Table 2.9.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.9.2

       Label elements for pyrophoric liquids

       Classification	Category 1
       GHS Pictogram
       Signal Word	Danger
       Hazard Statement	H250: Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P222 P231 + P232 P233 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P302 + P334 P370 + P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage
       Precautionary Statement Disposal

       ’

   11. (11)

       In Section 2.10.3, Table 2.10.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.10.2

       Label elements for pyrophoric solids

       Classification	Category 1
       GHS Pictogram
       Signal Word	Danger
       Hazard Statement	H250: Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P222 P231 + P232 P233 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P302 + P335 + P334 P370 +P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage
       Precautionary Statement Disposal

       ’

   12. (12)

       In Section 2.11.3, Table 2.11.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.11.2

       Label elements for self-heating substances and mixtures

       Classification	Category 1	Category 2
       GHS Pictograms
       Signal Word	Danger	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H251: Self-heating; may catch fire	H252: Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P235 P280	P235 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response
       Precautionary Statement Storage	P407 P413 P420	P407 P413 P420
       Precautionary Statement Disposal

       ’

   13. (13)

       In Section 2.12.3, Table 2.12.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.12.2

       Label elements for substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases

       Classification	Category 1	Category 2	Category 3
       GHS Pictograms
       Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H260: In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously	H261: In contact with water releases flammable gases	H261: In contact with water releases flammable gases
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P223 P231 + P232 P280	P223 P231 + P232 P280	P231 + P232 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P302 + P335 + P334 P370 + P378	P302 + P335 + P334 P370 + P378	P370 + P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage	P402 + P404	P402 + P404	P402 + P404
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501

       ’

   14. (14)

       In Section 2.13.3, Table 2.13.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.13.2

       Label elements for oxidising liquids

       Classification	Category 1	Category 2	Category 3
       GHS Pictograms
       Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H271: May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidiser	H272: May intensify fire; oxidiser	H272: May intensify fire; oxidiser
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P220 P280 P283	P210 P220 P280	P210 P220 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P306 + P360 P371 + P380 + P375 P370 + P378	P370 + P378	P370 + P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage	P420
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501

       ’

   15. (15)

       In Section 2.14.2.1, the introductory sentence is replaced by the following:

       ‘An oxidising solid shall be classified in one of the three categories for this class using test O.1 in Part III, sub-section 34.4.1 or test O.3 in Part III, sub-section 34.4 3 of the UN RTDG, Manual of Tests and Criteria in accordance with Table 2.14.1:’

   16. (16)

       In Section 2.14.2.1, Table 2.14.1 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.14.1

       Criteria for oxidising solids

       Category	Criteria using test O.1	Criteria using test O.3
       1	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning time less than the mean burning time of a 3:2 mixture, (by mass), of potassium bromate and cellulose.	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning rate greater than the mean burning rate of a 3:1 mixture (by mass) of calcium peroxide and cellulose.
       2	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning time equal to or less than the mean burning time of a 2:3 mixture (by mass) of potassium bromate and cellulose and the criteria for Category 1 are not met.	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning rate equal to or greater than the mean burning rate of a 1:1 mixture (by mass) of calcium peroxide and cellulose and the criteria for Category 1 are not met.
       3	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning time equal to or less than the mean burning time of a 3:7 mixture (by mass) of potassium bromate and cellulose and the criteria for Categories 1 and 2 are not met.	Any substance or mixture which, in the 4:1 or 1:1 sample-to-cellulose ratio (by mass) tested, exhibits a mean burning rate equal to or greater than the mean burning rate of a 1:2 mixture (by mass) of calcium peroxide and cellulose and the criteria for Categories 1 and 2 are not met.

       ’

   17. (17)

       In Section 2.14.2.1, in Note 1 to Table 2.14.1, ‘(BC Code, Annex 3, Test 5)’ is replaced by ‘(IMSBC Code (International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code, IMO), Appendix 2, Section 5)’.

   18. (18)

       In Section 2.14.3, Table 2.14.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.14.2

       Label elements for oxidising solids

       	Category 1	Category 2	Category 3
       GHS Pictograms
       Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H271: May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidiser	H272: May intensify fire; oxidiser	H272: May intensify fire; oxidiser
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P220 P280 P283	P210 P220 P280	P210 P220 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P306 + P360 P371 + P380 + P375 P370 + P378	P370 + P378	P370 + P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage	P420
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501

       ’

   19. (19)

       In Section 2.15.3, Table 2.15.1 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 2.15.1

       Label elements for organic peroxides

       See the introduction to Annex IV for details on the use of square brackets.
       Classification	Type A	Type B	Type C & D	Type E & F	Type G
       GHS Pictograms					There are no label elements allocated to this hazard category
       Signal Word	Danger	Danger	Danger	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H240: Heating may cause an explosion	H241: Heating may cause a fire or explosion	H242: Heating may cause a fire	H242: Heating may cause a fire
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280	P210 P234 P235 P240 P280
       Precautionary Statement Response	P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	P370 + P380 + P375[+ P378]f3	P370 + P378	P370 + P378
       Precautionary Statement Storage	P403 P410 P411 P420	P403 P410 P411 P420	P403 P410 P411 P420	P403 P410 P411 P420
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501	P501

       ’

   20. (20)

       In Section 2.15.4, Figure 2.15.1 is replaced by the following:

       ‘ Figure 2.15.1

       Organic Peroxides ’

       

3. C..

   Part 3 is amended as follows:

   1. (1)

      In Section 3.1.2.1, the first sentence is replaced by the following:

      ‘Substances can be allocated to one of four hazard categories based on acute toxicity by the oral, dermal or inhalation route according to the numeric criteria shown in Table 3.1.1.’

   2. (2)

      In Section 3.1.2.3.2, the first sentence is replaced by the following:

      ‘Of particular importance in classifying for inhalation toxicity is the use of well articulated values in the highest hazard categories for dusts and mists.’

   3. (3)

      In Section 3.1.3.6.1, point (a) is replaced by the following:

      ‘include ingredients with a known acute toxicity, which fall into any of the acute hazard categories shown in Table 3.1.1;’

   4. (4)

      Chapter 3.2 is replaced by the following:

      ‘3.2.

      Skin corrosion/irritation

      3.2.1.

      Definitions and general considerations

      3.2.1.1.

      • Skin corrosion means the production of irreversible damage to the skin; namely, visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis, following the application of a test substance for up to 4 hours. Corrosive reactions are typified by ulcers, bleeding, bloody scabs, and, by the end of observation at 14 days, by discolouration due to blanching of the skin, complete areas of alopecia, and scars. Histopathology shall be considered to evaluate questionable lesions.

      • Skin irritation means the production of reversible damage to the skin following the application of a test substance for up to 4 hours.

      3.2.1.2.

      In a tiered approach, emphasis shall be placed upon existing human data, followed by existing animal data, followed by in vitro data and then other sources of information. Classification results directly when the data satisfy the criteria. In some cases, classification of a substance or a mixture is made on the basis of the weight of evidence within a tier. In a total weight of evidence approach all available information bearing on the determination of skin corrosion/irritation is considered together, including the results of appropriate validated in vitro tests, relevant animal data, and human data such as epidemiological and clinical studies and well-documented case reports and observations (see Annex I, Part 1, Sections 1.1.1.3, 1.1.1.4 and 1.1.1.5).

      3.2.2.

      Classification criteria for substances

      Substances shall be allocated to one of the following two categories within this hazard class:

      1. (a)

         Category 1 (skin corrosion)

         This category is further subdivided in three sub-categories (1A, 1B, 1C). Corrosive substances shall be classified in Category 1 where data is not sufficient for sub-categorisation. When data are sufficient, substances shall be classified in one of the three sub-categories 1A, 1B, or 1C (see Table 3.2.1.)

      2. (b)

         Category 2 (skin irritation) (see Table 3.2.2).

      3.2.2.1.

      Classification based on standard animal test data

      3.2.2.1.1.

      Skin corrosion

      3.2.2.1.1.1.

      A substance is corrosive to skin when it produces destruction of skin tissue, namely, visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis in at least one tested animal after exposure for up to 4 hours.

      3.2.2.1.1.2.

      Corrosive substances shall be classified in Category 1 where data is not sufficient for sub-categorisation.

      3.2.2.1.1.3.

      When data are sufficient substances shall be classified in one of the three sub-categories 1A, 1B, or 1C in accordance with the criteria in Table 3.2.1.

      3.2.2.1.1.4.

      Three sub-categories are provided within the corrosion category: sub-category 1A — where corrosive responses are noted following up to 3 minutes exposure and up to 1 hour observation; sub-category 1B — where corrosive responses are described following exposure greater than 3 minutes and up to 1 hour and observations up to 14 days; and sub-category 1C — where corrosive responses occur after exposures greater than 1 hour and up to 4 hours and observations up to 14 days.

      Table 3.2.1

      Skin corrosion category and sub-categories

      See the conditions for the use of Category 1 in paragraph (a) of Section 3.2.2.
      Category	Criteria
      Category 1f4	Destruction of skin tissue, namely, visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis, in at least one tested animal after exposure ≤ 4 h
      Sub-Category 1A	Corrosive responses in at least one animal following exposure ≤ 3 min during an observation period ≤ 1 h
      Sub-Category 1B	Corrosive responses in at least one animal following exposure > 3 min and ≤ 1 h and observations ≤ 14 days
      Sub-Category 1C	Corrosive responses in at least one animal after exposures > 1 h and ≤ 4 h and observations ≤ 14 days

      3.2.2.1.1.5.

      The use of human data is discussed in Sections 3.2.1.2 and 3.2.2.2 and also in Sections 1.1.1.3, 1.1.1.4 and 1.1.1.5.

      3.2.2.1.2.

      Skin irritation

      3.2.2.1.2.1.

      A substance is irritant to skin when it produces reversible damage to the skin following its application for up to 4 hours. The major criterion for the irritation category is that at least 2 of 3 tested animals have a mean score of ≥ 2,3 and ≤ 4,0.

      3.2.2.1.2.2.

      A single irritation category (Category 2) is presented in Table 3.2.2, using the results of animal testing.

      3.2.2.1.2.3.

      Reversibility of skin lesions is also considered in evaluating irritant responses. When inflammation persists to the end of the observation period in 2 or more test animals, taking into consideration alopecia (limited area), hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia and scaling, then a material shall be considered to be an irritant.

      3.2.2.1.2.4.

      Animal irritant responses within a test can be variable, as they are with corrosion. A separate irritant criterion accommodates cases where there is a significant irritant response but less than the mean score criterion for a positive test. For example, a test material might be designated as an irritant if at least 1 of 3 tested animals shows a very elevated mean score throughout the study, including lesions persisting at the end of an observation period of normally 14 days. Other responses could also fulfil this criterion. However, it should be ascertained that the responses are the result of chemical exposure.

      Table 3.2.2

      Skin irritation category ^f5

      Grading criteria are understood as described in Regulation (EC) No 440/2008.
      Category	Criteria
      Irritation (Category 2)	(1) Mean score of ≥ 2,3 and ≤ 4,0 for erythema/eschar or for oedema in at least 2 of 3 tested animals from gradings at 24, 48 and 72 hours after patch removal or, if reactions are delayed, from grades on 3 consecutive days after the onset of skin reactions; or (2) Inflammation that persists to the end of the observation period normally 14 days in at least 2 animals, particularly taking into account alopecia (limited area), hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, and scaling reactions; or (3) In some cases where there is pronounced variability of response among animals, with very definite positive effects related to chemical exposure in a single animal but less than the criteria above .

      3.2.2.1.2.5.

      The use of human data is discussed in Sections 3.2.1.2 and 3.2.2.2 and also in Sections 1.1.1.3, 1.1.1.4 and 1.1.1.5.

      3.2.2.2

      Classification in a tiered approach

      3.2.2.2.1.

      A tiered approach to the evaluation of initial information shall be considered, where applicable, recognising that not all elements may be relevant.

      3.2.2.2.2.

      Existing human and animal data including information from single or repeated exposure shall be the first line of evaluation, as they give information directly relevant to effects on the skin.

      3.2.2.2.3.

      Acute dermal toxicity data may be used for classification. If a substance is highly toxic by the dermal route, a skin corrosion/irritation study is not practicable since the amount of test substance to be applied considerably exceeds the toxic dose and, consequently, results in the death of the animals. When observations are made of skin corrosion/irritation in acute toxicity studies and are observed up through the limit dose, these data may be used for classification, provided that the dilutions used and species tested are equivalent. Solid substances (powders) may become corrosive or irritant when moistened or in contact with moist skin or mucous membranes.

      3.2.2.2.4.

      In vitro alternatives that have been validated and accepted shall be used to make classification decisions.

      3.2.2.2.5.

      Likewise, pH extremes like ≤ 2 and ≥ 11,5 may indicate the potential to cause skin effects, especially when associated with significant acid/alkaline reserve (buffering capacity). Generally, such substances are expected to produce significant effects on the skin. In the absence of any other information, a substance is considered as corrosive to skin (Skin Corrosion Category 1) if it has a pH ≤ 2 or a pH ≥ 11,5. However, if consideration of acid/alkaline reserve suggests the substance may not be corrosive despite the low or high pH value, this needs to be confirmed by other data, preferably by data from an appropriate validated in vitro test.

      3.2.2.2.6.

      In some cases, sufficient information may be available from structurally related substances to make classification decisions.

      3.2.2.2.7.

      The tiered approach provides guidance on how to organize existing information on a substance and to make a weight of evidence decision about hazard assessment and hazard classification.

      Although information might be gained from the evaluation of single parameters within a tier (see Section 3.2.2.2.1.), consideration shall be given to the totality of existing information and making an overall weight of evidence determination. This is especially true when there is conflict in information available on some parameters.

      3.2.3.

      Classification criteria for mixtures

      3.2.3.1.

      Classification of mixtures when data are available for the complete mixture

      3.2.3.1.1.

      The mixture shall be classified using the criteria for substances, taking into account the tiered approach to evaluate data for this hazard class.

      3.2.3.1.2.

      When considering testing of the mixture, classifiers are encouraged to use a tiered weight of evidence approach as included in the criteria for classification of substances for skin corrosion and irritation (Sections 3.2.1.2 and 3.2.2.2), to help ensure an accurate classification as well as to avoid unnecessary animal testing. In the absence of any other information, a mixture is considered corrosive to skin (Skin Corrosion Category 1) if it has a pH ≤ 2 or a pH ≥ 11,5. However, if consideration of acid/alkaline reserve suggests the mixture may not be corrosive despite the low or high pH value, this needs to be confirmed by other data, preferably by data from an appropriate validated in vitro test.

      3.2.3.2.

      Classification of mixtures when data are not available for the complete mixture: bridging principles

      3.2.3.2.1.

      Where the mixture itself has not been tested to determine its skin corrosion/irritation potential, but there are sufficient data on the individual ingredients and similar tested mixtures to adequately characterise the hazards of the mixture, these data shall be used in accordance with the bridging rules set out in Section 1.1.3.

      3.2.3.3.

      Classification of mixtures when data are available for all ingredients or only for some ingredients of the mixture

      3.2.3.3.1.

      In order to make use of all available data for purposes of classifying the skin corrosion/irritation hazards of mixtures, the following assumption has been made and is applied where appropriate in the tiered approach:

      The “relevant ingredients” of a mixture are those which are present in concentrations ≥ 1 % (w/w for solids, liquids, dusts, mists and vapours and v/v for gases), unless there is a presumption (e.g., in the case of skin corrosive ingredients) that an ingredient present at a concentration < 1 % can still be relevant for classifying the mixture for skin corrosion/irritation.

      3.2.3.3.2.

      In general, the approach to classification of mixtures as corrosive or irritant to skin when data are available on the ingredients, but not on the mixture as a whole, is based on the theory of additivity, such that each skin corrosive or skin irritant ingredient contributes to the overall skin corrosive or skin irritant properties of the mixture in proportion to its potency and concentration. A weighting factor of 10 is used for skin corrosive ingredients when they are present at a concentration below the generic concentration limit for classification with Category 1, but are at a concentration that will contribute to the classification of the mixture as skin irritant. The mixture is classified as corrosive or irritant to skin when the sum of the concentrations of such ingredients exceeds a concentration limit.

      3.2.3.3.3.

      Table 3.2.3 provides the generic concentration limits to be used to determine if the mixture is considered to be corrosive or irritant to the skin.

      3.2.3.3.4.1.

      Particular care must be taken when classifying certain types of mixtures containing substances such as acids and bases, inorganic salts, aldehydes, phenols, and surfactants. The approach explained in Sections 3.2.3.3.1 and 3.2.3.3.2 may not be applicable given that many such substances are corrosive or irritant to the skin at concentrations < 1 %.

      3.2.3.3.4.2.

      For mixtures containing strong acids or bases the pH shall be used as a classification criterion (see Section 3.2.3.1.2) since pH is a better indicator of skin corrosion than the concentration limits in Table 3.2.3.

      3.2.3.3.4.3.

      A mixture containing ingredients that are corrosive or irritant to the skin and that cannot be classified on the basis of the additivity approach (Table 3.2.3), due to chemical characteristics that make this approach unworkable, shall be classified as Skin Corrosion Category 1 if it contains ≥ 1 % of an ingredient classified as Skin Corrosion or as Skin Irritation (Category 2) when it contains ≥ 3 % of an skin irritant ingredient. Classification of mixtures with ingredients for which the approach in Table 3.2.3 does not apply is summarised in Table 3.2.4.

      3.2.3.3.5.

      On occasion, reliable data may show that the skin corrosion/irritation hazard of an ingredient will not be evident when present at a level at or above the generic concentration limits mentioned in Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 in Section 3.2.3.3.6. In these cases the mixture shall be classified according to that data (see also Articles 10 and 11). On other occasions, when it is expected that the skin corrosion/irritation hazard of an ingredient is not evident when present at a level at or above the generic concentration limits mentioned in Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.4, testing of the mixture shall be considered. In those cases the tiered weight of evidence approach shall be applied, as described in Section 3.2.2.2.

      3.2.3.3.6.

      If there are data showing that (an) ingredient(s) is/are corrosive or irritant to skin at a concentration of < 1 % (skin corrosive) or < 3 % (skin irritant), the mixture shall be classified accordingly.

      Table 3.2.3

      Generic concentration limits of ingredients classified as skin corrosion (Category 1, 1A, 1B or 1C)/skin irritation (Category 2) that trigger classification of the mixture as skin corrosion/skin irritation where the additivity approach applies

      Sum of ingredients classified as:	Concentration triggering classification of a mixture as:
      	Skin corrosion	Skin irritation
      	Category 1 (see note below)	Category 2
      Skin corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1	≥ 5 %	≥ 1 % but < 5 %
      Skin irritation Category 2		≥ 10 %
      (10 × Skin corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1) + Skin irritation Category 2		≥ 10 %

      Note:

      The sum of all ingredients of a mixture classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, or 1C respectively, shall each be ≥ 5 % in order to classify the mixture as either Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B or 1C. If the sum of the ingredients classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A is < 5 % but the sum of ingredients classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A + 1B is ≥ 5 %, the mixture shall be classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1B. Similarly, if the sum of ingredients classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A + 1B ingredients is < 5 % but the sum of ingredients classified as Sub-Category 1A + 1B + 1C is ≥ 5 % the mixture shall be classified as Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1C. Where at least one relevant ingredient in a mixture is classified as Category 1 without sub-categorisation, the mixture shall be classified as Category 1 without sub-categorisation if the sum of all ingredients corrosive to skin is ≥ 5 %.

      Table 3.2.4

      Generic concentration limits of ingredients that trigger classification of the mixture as skin corrosion/skin irritation, where the additivity approach does not apply

      Ingredient:	Concentration:	Mixture classified as:
      Acid with pH ≤ 2	≥ 1 %	Skin corrosion Category 1
      Base with pH ≥ 11,5	≥ 1 %	Skin corrosion Category 1
      Other skin corrosive (Sub-Categories 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1) ingredients	≥ 1 %	Skin corrosion Category 1
      Other skin irritant (Category 2) ingredients, including acids and bases	≥ 3 %	Skin irritation Category 2

      3.2.4.

      Hazard Communication

      3.2.4.1.

      Label elements shall be used for substances or mixtures meeting the criteria for classification in this hazard class in accordance with Table 3.2.5.

      Table 3.2.5

      Label elements for skin corrosion/irritation

      Classification	Sub-Categories 1A/1B/1C and Category 1	Category 2
      GHS Pictograms
      Signal Word	Danger	Warning
      Hazard Statement	H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage	H315: Causes skin irritation
      Precautionary Statement Prevention	P260 P264 P280	P264 P280
      Precautionary Statement Response	P301 + P330 + P331 P303 + P361 + P353 P363 P304 + P340 P310 P321 P305 + P351 + P338	P302 + P352 P321 P332 + P313 P362 + P364
      Precautionary Statement Storage	P405
      Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501

      ’

   5. (5)

      Chapter 3.3 is replaced by the following:

      ‘3.3.

      Serious eye damage/eye irritation

      3.3.1.

      Definitions and general considerations

      3.3.1.1.

      • Serious eye damage means the production of tissue damage in the eye, or serious physical decay of vision, following application of a test substance to the anterior surface of the eye, which is not fully reversible within 21 days of application.

      • Eye irritation means the production of changes in the eye following the application of test substance to the anterior surface of the eye, which are fully reversible within 21 days of application.

      3.3.1.2.

      In a tiered approach, emphasis shall be placed upon existing human data, followed by existing animal data, followed by in vitro data, and then other sources of information. Classification results directly when the data satisfy the criteria. In other cases, classification of a substance or a mixture is made on the basis of the weight of evidence within a tier. In a total weight of evidence approach all available information bearing on the determination of serious eye damage/eye irritation is considered together, including the results of appropriate validated in vitro tests, relevant animal data, and human data such as epidemiological and clinical studies and well-documented case reports and observations (see Annex I, Part 1, Section 1.1.1.3).

      3.3.2.

      Classification criteria for substances

      Substances are allocated to one of the categories within this hazard class, Category 1 (serious eye damage) or Category 2 (eye irritation), as follows:

      1. (a)

         Category 1 (serious eye damage):

         substances that have the potential to seriously damage the eyes (see Table 3.3.1).

      2. (b)

         Category 2 (eye irritation):

         substances that have the potential to induce reversible eye irritation (see Table 3.3.2).

      3.3.2.1.

      Classification based on standard animal test data

      3.3.2.1.1.

      Serious eye damage (Category 1)

      3.3.2.1.1.1.

      A single hazard category (Category 1) is adopted for substances that have the potential to seriously damage the eyes. This hazard category includes as criteria the observations listed in Table 3.3.1. These observations include animals with grade 4 cornea lesions and other severe reactions (e.g. destruction of cornea) observed at any time during the test, as well as persistent corneal opacity, discoloration of the cornea by a dye substance, adhesion, pannus, and interference with the function of the iris or other effects that impair sight. In this context, persistent lesions are considered those which are not fully reversible within an observation period of normally 21 days. Hazard classification as Category 1 also contains substances fulfilling the criteria of corneal opacity ≥ 3 or iritis > 1,5 observed in at least 2 of 3 tested animals, because severe lesions like these usually do not reverse within a 21-day observation period.

      3.3.2.1.1.2.

      The use of human data is discussed in Section 3.3.2.2 and also in Sections 1.1.1.3, 1.1.1.4 and 1.1.1.5.

      Table 3.3.1

      Serious eye damage ^f6

      Grading criteria are understood as described in Regulation (EC) No 440/2008.
      Category	Criteria
      Category 1	A substance that produces: (a) in at least one animal effects on the cornea, iris or conjunctiva that are not expected to reverse or have not fully reversed within an observation period of normally 21 days; and/or (b) in at least 2 of 3 tested animals, a positive response of: (i) corneal opacity ≥ 3; and/or (ii) iritis > 1,5; calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of the test material.

      3.3.2.1.2.

      Eye irritation (Category 2)

      3.3.2.1.2.1.

      Substances that have the potential to induce reversible eye irritation shall be classified in Category 2 (eye irritation).

      3.3.2.1.2.2.

      For those substances where there is pronounced variability among animal responses, this information shall be taken into account in determining the classification.

      3.3.2.1.2.3.

      The use of human data is addressed in Sections 3.3.2.2, and also in Sections 1.1.1.3, 1.1.1.4 and 1.1.1.5.

      Table 3.3.2

      Eye irritation ^f7

      Grading criteria are understood as described in Regulation (EC) No 440/2008.
      Category	Criteria
      Category 2	Substances that produce in at least 2 of 3 tested animals a positive response of: (a) corneal opacity ≥ 1; and/or (b) iritis ≥ 1; and/or (c) conjunctival redness ≥ 2; and/or (d) conjunctival oedema (chemosis) ≥ 2 calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of the test material, and which fully reverses within an observation period of normally 21 days.

      3.3.2.2.

      Classification in a tiered approach

      3.3.2.2.1.

      A tiered approach to the evaluation of initial information shall be considered where applicable, recognizing that not all elements may be relevant.

      3.3.2.2.2.

      Existing human and animal data shall be the first line of evaluation as they give information directly relevant to effects on the eye. Possible skin corrosion has to be evaluated prior to consideration of any testing for serious eye damage/eye irritation in order to avoid testing for local effects on eyes with skin corrosive substances. Skin corrosive substances shall be considered as leading to serious eye damage (Category 1) as well, while skin irritant substances may be considered as leading to eye irritation (Category 2).

      3.3.2.2.3.

      In vitro alternatives that have been validated and accepted shall be used to make classification decisions.

      3.3.2.2.4.

      Likewise, pH extremes like ≤ 2 and ≥ 11,5, may indicate serious eye damage, especially when associated with significant acid/alkaline reserve (buffering capacity). Generally such substances are expected to produce significant effects on the eyes. In the absence of any other information, a substance is considered to cause serious eye damage (Category 1) if it has a pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 11,5. However, if consideration of acid/alkaline reserve suggests the substance may not cause serious eye damage despite the low or high pH value, this needs to be confirmed by other data, preferably by data from an appropriate validated in vitro test.

      3.3.2.2.5.

      In some cases sufficient information may be available from structurally related substances to make classification decisions.

      3.3.2.2.6.

      The tiered approach provides guidance on how to organize existing information and to make a weight-of-evidence decision about hazard assessment and hazard classification. Animal testing with corrosive substances shall be avoided whenever possible. Although information might be gained from the evaluation of single parameters within a tier (see 3.3.2.1.1) consideration shall be given to the totality of existing information and making an overall weight of evidence determination. This is especially true when there is conflict in information available on some parameters.

      3.3.3.

      Classification criteria for mixtures

      3.3.3.1.

      Classification of mixtures when data are available for the complete mixture

      3.3.3.1.1.

      The mixture shall be classified using the criteria for substances, and taking into account the tiered approach to evaluate data for this hazard class.

      3.3.3.1.2.

      When considering testing of the mixture classifiers are encouraged to use a tiered weight of evidence approach as included in the criteria for classification of substances for skin corrosion and serious eye damage/eye irritation to help ensure an accurate classification, as well as to avoid unnecessary animal testing. In the absence of any other information, a mixture is considered to cause serious eye damage (Category 1) if it has a pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 11,5. However, if consideration of acid/alkali reserve suggests the mixture may not cause serious eye damage despite the low or high pH value, this needs to be confirmed by other data, preferably data from an appropriate validated in vitro test.

      3.3.3.2.

      Classification of mixtures when data are not available for the complete mixture: bridging principles

      3.3.3.2.1.

      Where the mixture itself has not been tested to determine its skin corrosivity or potential to cause serious eye damage/eye irritation, but there are sufficient data on the individual ingredients and similar tested mixtures to adequately characterise the hazards of the mixture, these data shall be used in accordance with the bridging rules set out in Section 1.1.3.

      3.3.3.3.

      Classification of mixtures when data are available for all ingredients or only for some ingredients of the mixture

      3.3.3.3.1.

      In order to make use of all available data for purposes of classifying the serious eye damage/eye irritation properties of the mixtures, the following assumption has been made and is applied where appropriate in the tiered approach:

      The “relevant ingredients” of a mixture are those which are present in concentrations ≥ 1 % (w/w for solids, liquids, dusts, mists and vapours and v/v for gases), unless there is a presumption (e.g. in the case of skin corrosive ingredients) that an ingredient present at a concentration < 1 % can still be relevant for classifying the mixture for serious eye damage/eye irritation.

      3.3.3.3.2.

      In general, the approach to classification of mixtures as seriously damaging to the eye/eye irritant when data are available on the ingredients, but not on the mixture as a whole, is based on the theory of additivity, such that each skin corrosive or serious eye damaging/eye irritant ingredient contributes to the overall serious eye damage/eye irritation properties of the mixture in proportion to its potency and concentration. A weighting factor of 10 is used for skin corrosive and serious eye damaging ingredients when they are present at a concentration below the generic concentration limit for classification with Category 1, but are at a concentration that will contribute to the classification of the mixture as eye irritant. The mixture is classified as seriously damaging to the eye or eye irritant when the sum of the concentrations of such ingredients exceeds a concentration limit.

      3.3.3.3.3.

      Table 3.3.3 provides the generic concentration limits to be used to determine if the mixture shall be classified as seriously damaging to the eye or as eye irritant.

      3.3.3.3.4.1.

      Particular care must be taken when classifying certain types of mixtures containing substances such as acids and bases, inorganic salts, aldehydes, phenols, and surfactants. The approach explained in Sections 3.3.3.3.1 and 3.3.3.3.2 might not work given that many such substances are seriously damaging to the eye/eye irritant at concentrations < 1 %.

      3.3.3.3.4.2.

      For mixtures containing strong acids or bases the pH shall be used as classification criterion (see Section 3.3.3.1.2) since pH will be a better indicator of serious eye damage (subject to consideration of acid/alkali reserve) than the generic concentration limits in Table 3.3.3.

      3.3.3.3.4.3.

      A mixture containing skin corrosive or serious eye damaging/eye irritating ingredients that cannot be classified based on the additivity approach (Table 3.3.3) due to chemical characteristics that make this approach unworkable, shall be classified as Serious Eye Damage (Category 1) if it contains ≥ 1 % of a skin corrosive or serious eye damaging ingredient and as Eye Irritation (Category 2) when it contains ≥ 3 % of an eye irritant ingredient. Classification of mixtures with ingredients for which the approach in Table 3.3.3 does not apply is summarised in Table 3.3.4.

      3.3.3.3.5.

      On occasion, reliable data may show that the effects of serious eye damage/eye irritation of an ingredient will not be evident when present at a level at or above the generic concentration limits mentioned in Tables 3.3.3 and 3.3.4 in Section 3.3.3.3.6. In these cases the mixture shall be classified according to those data (see also Articles 10 and 11). On other occasions, when it is expected that the skin corrosion/irritation hazards or the effects of serious eye damage/eye irritation of an ingredient will not be evident when present at a level at or above the generic concentration limits mentioned in Tables 3.3.3 and 3.3.4, testing of the mixture shall be considered. In those cases, the tiered weight of evidence approach shall be applied.

      3.3.3.3.6.

      If there are data showing that (an) ingredient(s) may be corrosive to the skin or seriously damaging to the eye/eye irritating at a concentration of < 1 % (corrosive to the skin or seriously damaging to the eye) or < 3 % (eye irritant), the mixture shall be classified accordingly.

      Table 3.3.3

      Generic concentration limits of ingredients classified as skin corrosion (Category 1, 1A, 1B or 1C) and/or serious eye damage (Category 1) or eye irritation (Category 2) that trigger classification of the mixture as serious eye damage/eye irritation where the additivity approach applies

      If an ingredient is classified as both Skin Corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1 and Serious Eye Damage (Category 1), its concentration is considered only once in the calculation.
      Sum of ingredients classified as:	Concentration triggering classification of a mixture as:
      	Serious eye damage	Eye irritation
      	Category 1	Category 2
      Skin corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1 + Serious eye damage (Category 1)f8	≥ 3 %	≥ 1 % but < 3 %
      Eye irritation ( Category 2)		≥ 10 %
      10 × (Skin corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Skin corrosion Category 1 + Serious eye damage (Category 1)) + Eye irritation (Category 2)		≥ 10 %

      Table 3.3.4

      Generic concentration limits of ingredients that trigger classification of the mixture as serious eye damage (Category 1) or eye irritation (Category 2), where the additivity approach does not apply

      Ingredient	Concentration	Mixture classified as:
      Acid with pH ≤ 2	≥ 1 %	Serious eye damage (Category 1)
      Base with pH ≥ 11,5	≥ 1 %	Serious eye damage (Category 1)
      Other ingredient classified as skin corrosion (Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1) or serious eye damage (Category 1)	≥ 1 %	Serious eye damage (Category 1)
      Other ingredient classified as eye irritation (Category 2)	≥ 3 %	Eye irritation (Category 2)

      3.3.4.

      Hazard Communication

      3.3.4.1.

      Label elements shall be used for substances or mixtures meeting the criteria for classification in this hazard class in accordance with Table 3.3.5.

      Table 3.3.5

      Label elements for serious eye damage/eye irritation ^f9

      Where a chemical is classified as skin corrosion Sub-Category 1A, 1B, 1C or Category 1, labelling for serious eye damage/eye irritation can be omitted as this information is already included in the hazard statement for skin corrosion Category 1 (H314).
      Classification	Category 1	Category 2
      GHS Pictograms
      Signal Word	Danger	Warning
      Hazard Statement	H318: Causes serious eye damage	H319: Causes serious eye irritation
      Precautionary Statement Prevention	P280	P264 P280
      Precautionary Statement Response	P305 + P351 + P338 P310	P305 + P351 + P338 P337 + P313
      Precautionary Statement Storage
      Precautionary Statement Disposal

      ’

   6. (6)

      In Section 3.5.2.3.5, the second indent is deleted.

4. D..

   Part 4 is amended as follows:

   1. (1)

      Section 4.1.1.1 is amended as follows:

      1. (a)

         In point (b), the term ‘acute (short-term) hazard’ is replaced by the term ‘short-term (acute) hazard’.

      2. (b)

         In point (j), the term ‘long-term hazard’ is replaced by the term ‘long-term (chronic) hazard’.

   2. (2)

      Section 4.1.1.2.0 is replaced by the following:

      ‘Hazardous to the aquatic environment is differentiated into:

      • short-term (acute) aquatic hazard

      • long-term (chronic) aquatic hazard.’

   3. (3)

      In Section 4.1.1.3.1, the second and third sentences are replaced by the following:

      ‘The aquatic environment is considered in terms of the aquatic organisms that live in the water, and the aquatic ecosystem of which they are part. The basis, therefore, of the identification of short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) hazards is the aquatic toxicity of the substance or mixture, although this shall be modified by taking account of further information on the degradation and bioaccumulation behaviour, if appropriate.’

   4. (4)

      In Section 4.1.2.1, the first and second sentences are replaced by the following:

      ‘The system for classification recognises that the intrinsic hazard to aquatic organisms is represented by both the acute and chronic toxicity of a substance. For the long-term (chronic) hazard, separate hazard categories are defined representing a gradation in the level of hazard identified.’

   5. (5)

      Section 4.1.2.2 is replaced by the following:

      ‘The core classification system for substances consists of one short-term (acute) hazard classification category and three long-term (chronic) hazard classification categories. The short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) classification categories are applied independently.’

   6. (6)

      Section 4.1.2.3 is replaced by the following:

      ‘The criteria for classification of a substance in Acute 1 are defined on the basis of acute aquatic toxicity data only (EC50 or LC 50). The criteria for classification of a substance into Chronic 1 to 3 follow a tiered approach where the first step is to see if available information on chronic toxicity merits long-term (chronic) hazard classification. In absence of adequate chronic toxicity data, the subsequent step is to combine two types of information, i.e. acute aquatic toxicity data and environmental fate data (degradability and bioaccumulation data) (see Figure 4.1.1).’

   7. (7)

      The title of Figure 4.1.1 is replaced by:

      ‘ Categories for substances long-term (chronic) hazardous to the aquatic environment ’.

   8. (8)

      Section 4.1.2.4. is replaced by the following:

      ‘The system also introduces a “safety net” classification (referred to as Chronic 4) for use when the data available do not allow classification under the formal criteria for Acute 1 or Chronic 1 to 3 but there are nevertheless some grounds for concern (see example Table 4.1.0).’

   9. (9)

      Table 4.1.0 is replaced by the following:

      ‘

      Table 4.1.0

      Classification categories for substances hazardous to the aquatic environment

      (a) Short-term (acute) aquatic hazard
      Category Acute 1:	(Note 1)
      96 hr LC50 (for fish)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      48 hr EC50 (for crustacea)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      72 or 96 hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 1 mg/l.	(Note 2)
      (b) Long-term (chronic) aquatic hazard
      (i) Non-rapidly degradable substances (Note 3) for which there are adequate chronic toxicity data available
      Category Chronic 1:	(Note 1)
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for fish)	≤ 0,1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for crustacea)	≤ 0,1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 0,1 mg/l.
      Category Chronic 2:
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for fish)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for crustacea)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 1 mg/l.
      (ii) Rapidly degradable substances (Note 3) for which there are adequate chronic toxicity data available
      Category Chronic 1:	(Note 1)
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for fish)	≤ 0,01 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for crustacea)	≤ 0,01 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 0,01 mg/l.
      Category Chronic 2:
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for fish)	≤ 0,1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for crustacea)	≤ 0,1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 0,1 mg/l.
      Category Chronic 3:
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for fish)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for crustacea)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      Chronic NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 1 mg/l.
      (iii) Substances for which adequate chronic toxicity data are not available
      Category Chronic 1:	(Note 1)
      96 hr LC50 (for fish)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      48 hr EC50 (for crustacea)	≤ 1 mg/l and/or
      72 or 96 hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants)	≤ 1 mg/l.	(Note 2)
      and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF ≥ 500
      (or, if absent, the log Kow ≥ 4).	(Note 3).
      Category Chronic 2:
      96 hr LC50 (for fish)	> 1 to ≤ 10 mg/l and/or
      48 hr EC50 (for crustacea)	> 1 to ≤ 10 mg/l and/or
      72 or 96 hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants)	> 1 to ≤ 10 mg/l.	(Note 2)
      and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF ≥ 500
      (or, if absent, the log Kow ≥ 4).	(Note 3).
      Category Chronic 3:
      96 hr LC50 (for fish)	> 10 to ≤ 100 mg/l and/or
      48 hr EC50 (for crustacea)	> 10 to ≤ 100 mg/l and/or
      72 or 96 hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants)	> 10 to ≤ 100 mg/l.	(Note 2)
      and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF ≥ 500
      (or, if absent, the log Kow ≥ 4).	(Note 3).
      “Safety net” classification Category Chronic 4 Cases when data do not allow classification under the above criteria but there are nevertheless some grounds for concern. This includes, for example, poorly soluble substances for which no acute toxicity is recorded at levels up to the water solubility (note 4), and which are not rapidly degradable in accordance with Section 4.1.2.9.5 and have an experimentally determined BCF ≥ 500 (or, if absent, a log Kow ≥ 4), indicating a potential to bioaccumulate, which will be classified in this category unless other scientific evidence exists showing classification to be unnecessary. Such evidence includes chronic toxicity NOECs > water solubility or > 1 mg/l, or other evidence of rapid degradation in the environment than the ones provided by any of the methods listed in Section 4.1.2.9.5.

      ’

   10. (10)

       In Section 4.1.3.2, Figure 4.1.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘ Figure 4.1.2

       Tiered approach to classification of mixtures for short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) aquatic environmental hazards ’

       

   11. (11)

       In Section 4.1.3.3.2, the first sentence is replaced by the following:

       ‘The long-term (chronic) hazard classification of mixtures requires additional information on degradability and in certain cases bioaccumulation.’

   12. (12)

       In Section 4.1.3.3.3, ‘No need to classify for acute hazard’ is replaced by the following:

       ‘No need to classify for short-term (acute) hazard.’

   13. (13)

       In Section 4.1.3.3.4, ‘No need to classify for long-term hazard in categories Chronic 1, 2 or 3’ is replaced by the following:

       ‘No need to classify for long-term (chronic) hazard in categories Chronic 1, 2 or 3.’

   14. (14)

       In Section 4.1.3.5.2, point (a), the last sentence is replaced by the following:

       ‘The calculated toxicity may be used to assign that portion of the mixture a short-term (acute) hazard category which is then subsequently used in applying the summation method.’

   15. (15)

       In Section 4.1.3.5.2, point (b), the last sentence is replaced by the following:

       ‘The calculated equivalent toxicity may be used to assign that portion of the mixture a long-term (chronic) hazard category, in accordance with the criteria for rapidly degradable substances (point (b)(ii) of Table 4.1.0), which is then subsequently used in applying the summation method.’

   16. (16)

       Section 4.1.3.5.5.3.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘The classification of mixtures for short-term (acute) hazards based on this summation of classified components is summarised in Table 4.1.1.’

   17. (17)

       In Section 4.1.3.5.5.3.2 the title of Table 4.1.1 is replaced by the following:

       ‘Classification of a mixture for short-term (acute) hazards based on summation of classified components’.

   18. (18)

       Section 4.1.3.5.5.4.5 is replaced by the following:

       ‘The classification of mixtures for long-term (chronic) hazards, based on this summation of the concentrations of classified components, is summarised in Table 4.1.2.’

   19. (19)

       The title of Table 4.1.2 is replaced by the following:

       ‘ Classification of a mixture for long-term (chronic) hazards, based on summation of the concentration of classified components ’.

   20. (20)

       In Section 4.1.3.6.1, the first sentence is replaced by the following:

       ‘In the event that no useable information on short-term (acute) and/or long-term (chronic) aquatic hazard is available for one or more relevant components, it is concluded that the mixture cannot be attributed to one or more definitive hazard category(ies).’

   21. (21)

       In Section 4.1.4, Table 4.1.4 is replaced by the following:

       ‘

       Table 4.1.4

       Label elements for hazardous to the aquatic environment

       SHORT-TERM (ACUTE) AQUATIC HAZARD
       	Acute 1
       GHS Pictogram
       Signal Word	Warning
       Hazard Statement	H400: Very toxic to aquatic life
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P273
       Precautionary Statement Response	P391
       Precautionary Statement Storage
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501

       LONG-TERM (CHRONIC) AQUATIC HAZARD
       	Chronic 1	Chronic 2	Chronic 3	Chronic 4
       GHS Pictograms			No pictogram is used	No pictogram is used
       Signal Word	Warning	No signal word is used	No signal word is used	No signal word is used
       Hazard Statement	H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects	H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects	H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects	H413: May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life
       Precautionary Statement Prevention	P273	P273	P273	P273
       Precautionary Statement Response	P391	P391
       Precautionary Statement Storage
       Precautionary Statement Disposal	P501	P501	P501	P501

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