# Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (Text with EEA relevance), Division 1.4: Practical skill

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

A pilot must acquire and maintain the practical skills as appropriate to exercise his or her functions on the aircraft. Such skills must be proportionate to the risks associated to the type of activity and must cover, if appropriate to the functions exercised on the aircraft, the following:
(a) pre-flight and in-flight activities, including aircraft performance, mass and balance determination, aircraft inspection and servicing, fuel/energy planning, weather appreciation, route planning, airspace restrictions and runway availability;
(b) aerodrome and traffic-pattern operations;
(c) collision avoidance precautions and procedures;
(d) control of the aircraft by external visual reference;
(e) flight manoeuvres, including in critical situations, and associated ‘upset’ manoeuvres, as technically achievable;
(f) normal and cross-wind take-offs and landings;
(g) flight by reference solely to instruments, as appropriate to the type of activity;
(h) operational procedures, including team skills and resource management, as appropriate to the type of operation, whether single or multi-crew;
(i) navigation and implementation of rules of the air and related procedures, using as appropriate, visual reference or navigation aids;
(j) abnormal and emergency operations, including simulated aircraft equipment malfunctions;
(k) compliance with air traffic services and communications procedures;
(l) aircraft type or class specific aspects;
(m) additional practical skill training that may be required to mitigate risks associated with specific activities; and
(n) non-technical skills, including the recognition and management of threats and errors, using an adequate assessment methodology in conjunction with the technical skills assessment.

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2018/1139/annex/IV/division/1/division/1.4 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2018-1139/annex-IV/division-1/division-1.4
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.