{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-331/annex-II/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-331/annex-II/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2019/331",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/331 of 19 December 2018 determining transitional Union-wide rules for harmonised free allocation of emission allowances pursuant to Article 10a of Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-331",
  "path": "annex/II/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "1",
  "heading": "Refineries benchmark: CO2 weighted tonne (CWT) functions",
  "text": "Net fresh feed (F), Reactor feed (R, includes recycle), Product feed (P), Synthesis gas production for POX units (SG)\nCWT function\nDescription\nBasis (kt/a)\nCWT factor\nAtmospheric Crude Distillation\nMild Crude Unit, Standard Crude Unit\nF\n1,00\nVacuum Distillation\nMild Vacuum Fractionation, Standard Vacuum Column, Vacuum Fractionating Column\nVacuum distillation factor also includes average energy and emissions for Heavy Feed Vacuum (HFV) unit. Since this is always in series with the Mild Vacuum Unit (MVU), HFV capacity is not counted separately.\nF\n0,85\nSolvent Deasphalting\nConventional Solvent, Supercritical Solvent\nF\n2,45\nVisbreaking\nAtmospheric Residuum (w/o a Soaker Drum), Atmospheric Residuum (with a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (w/o a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (with a Soaker Drum)\nVisbreaking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.\nF\n1,40\nThermal Cracking\nThermal cracking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.\nF\n2,70\nDelayed Coking\nDelayed Coking\nF\n2,20\nFluid Coking\nFluid Coking\nF\n7,60\nFlexicoking\nFlexicoking\nF\n16,60\nCoke Calcining\nVertical-Axis Hearth, Horizontal-Axis Rotary Kiln\nP\n12,75\nFluid Catalytic Cracking\nFluid Catalytic Cracking, Mild Residuum Catalytic Cracking, Residual Catalytic Cracking\nF\n5,50\nOther Catalytic Cracking\nHoudry Catalytic Cracking, Thermofor Catalytic Cracking\nF\n4,10\nDistillate/Gasoil Hydrocracking\nMild Hydrocracking, Severe Hydrocracking, Naphtha Hydrocracking\nF\n2,85\nResidual Hydrocracking\nH-Oil, LC-Fining™ and Hycon\nF\n3,75\nNaphtha/Gasoline Hydrotreating\nBenzene Saturation, Desulfurisation of C4–C6 Feeds, Conventional Naphtha H/T, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation of Alkylation Feed, FCC Gasoline hydrotreating with minimum octane loss, Olefinic Alkylation of Thio S, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha, Pygas/Naphtha Desulfurisation, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha\nNaphtha hydrotreating factor includes energy and emissions for Reactor for Selective H/T (NHYT/RXST) but capacity is not counted separately.\nF\n1,10\nKerosene/Diesel Hydrotreating\nAromatic Saturation, Conventional H/T, Solvent aromatics hydrogenation, Conventional Distillate H/T, High Severity Distillate H/T, Ultra-High Severity H/T, Middle Distillate Dewaxing, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective Hydrotreating of Distillates\nF\n0,90\nResidual Hydrotreating\nDesulfurisation of Atmospheric Residuum Desulfurisation of Vacuum Residuum\nF\n1,55\nVGO Hydrotreating\nHydrodesulphurisation/denitrification, Hydrodesulphurisation\nF\n0,90\nHydrogen Production\nSteam Methane Reforming, Steam Naphtha Reforming, Partial Oxidation Units of Light Feeds\nFactor for hydrogen production includes energy and emissions for purification (H2PURE), but capacity is not counted separately.\nP (referred to 100 % hydrogen)\n300,00\nCatalytic Reforming\nContinuous Regeneration, Cyclic, Semi-Regenerative, AROMAX\nF\n4,95\nAlkylation\nAlkylation with HF Acid, Alkylation with Sulfuric Acid, Polymerisation C3 Olefin Feed, Polymerisation C3/C4 Feed, Dimersol\nFactor for alkylation/polymerisation includes energy and emissions for acid regeneration (ACID), but capacity is not counted separately.\nP\n7,25\nC4 Isomerisation\nC4 Isomerisation\nFactor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIB) correlated with C4 isomerisation.\nR\n3,25\nC5/C6 Isomerisation\nC5/C6 Isomerisation\nFactor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIH) correlated with C5 isomerisation.\nR\n2,85\nOxygenate Production\nMBTE Distillation Units, MTBE Extractive Units, ETBE, TAME, Isooctene Production\nP\n5,60\nPropylene Production\nChemical Grade, Polymer grade\nF\n3,45\nAsphalt Manufacture\nAsphalt & Bitumen Manufacture\nProduction figure should include Polymer-Modified Asphalt. CWT factor includes blowing\nP\n2,10\nPolymer-Modified Asphalt Blending\nPolymer-Modified Asphalt Blending\nP\n0,55\nSulphur Recovery\nSulphur Recovery\nFactor for sulfur recovery includes energy and emissions for tail gas recovery (TRU) and H2S Springer Unit (U32), but capacity is not counted separately.\nP\n18,60\nAromatic Solvent Extraction\nASE: Extraction Distillation, ASE: Liquid/Liquid Extraction, ASE: Liq/Liq w/Extr. Distillation\nCWT factor cover all feeds including Pygas after hydrotreatment. Pygas hydrotreating should be accounted under naphtha hydrotreatment.\nF\n5,25\nHydrodealkylation\nHydrodealkylation\nF\n2,45\nTDP/TDA\nToluene Disproportionation/Dealkylation\nF\n1,85\nCyclohexane production\nCyclohexane production\nP\n3,00\nXylene Isomerisation\nXylene Isomerisation\nF\n1,85\nParaxylene production\nParaxylene Adsorption, Paraxylene Crystallisation\nFactor also includes energy and emissions for Xylene Splitter and Orthoxylene Rerun Column.\nP\n6,40\nMetaxylene production\nMetaxylene production\nP\n11,10\nPhtalic anhydride production\nPhtalic anhydride production\nP\n14,40\nMaleic anhydride production\nMaleic anhydride production\nP\n20,80\nEthylbenzene production\nEthylbenzene production\nFactor also includes energy and emissions for Ethylbenzene distillation.\nP\n1,55\nCumene production\nCumene production\nP\n5,00\nPhenol production\nPhenol production\nP\n1,15\nLube solvent extraction\nLube solvent extraction: Solvent is Furfural, Solvent is NMP, Solvent is Phenol, Solvent is SO2\nF\n2,10\nLube solvent dewaxing\nLube solvent dewaxing: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is propane\nF\n4,55\nCatalytic Wax Isomerisation\nCatalytic Wax Isomerisation and Dewaxing, Selective Wax Cracking\nF\n1,60\nLube Hydrocracker\nLube Hydrocracker w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube Hydrocracker w/Vacuum Stripper\nF\n2,50\nWax Deoiling\nWax Deoiling: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is Propane\nP\n12,00\nLube/Wax Hydrotreating\nLube H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Lube H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube H/T w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Wax H/T w/Vacuum Stripper\nF\n1,15\nSolvent Hydrotreating\nSolvent Hydrotreating\nF\n1,25\nSolvent Fractionation\nSolvent Fractionation\nF\n0,90\nMol sieve for C10+ paraffins\nMol sieve for C10+ paraffins\nP\n1,85\nPartial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Fuel\nPOX Syngas for Fuel\nSG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)\n8,20\nPartial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Hydrogen or Methanol\nPOX Syngas for Hydrogen or Methanol, POX Syngas for Methanol\nFactor includes energy and emissions for CO Shift and H2 Purification (U71) but capacity is not counted separately.\nSG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)\n44,00\nMethanol from syngas\nMethanol\nP\n– 36,20\nAir Separation\nAir Separation\nP (MNm3 O2)\n8,80\nFractionation of purchased NGL\nFractionation of purchased NGL\nF\n1,00\nFlue gas treatment\nDeSOx and deNOx\nF (MNm3)\n0,10\nTreatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales\nTreatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales\nkW\n0,15\nSeawater Desalination\nSeawater Desalination\nP\n1,15",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "Net fresh feed (F), Reactor feed (R, includes recycle), Product feed (P), Synthesis gas production for POX units (SG)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2019/331/annex/II/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:43:32.978234+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}