# Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/331 of 19 December 2018 determining transitional Union-wide rules for harmonised free allocation of emission allowances pursuant to Article 10a of Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance), Division 1: Refineries benchmark: CO2 weighted tonne (CWT) functions

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

Net fresh feed (F), Reactor feed (R, includes recycle), Product feed (P), Synthesis gas production for POX units (SG)
CWT function
Description
Basis (kt/a)
CWT factor
Atmospheric Crude Distillation
Mild Crude Unit, Standard Crude Unit
F
1,00
Vacuum Distillation
Mild Vacuum Fractionation, Standard Vacuum Column, Vacuum Fractionating Column
Vacuum distillation factor also includes average energy and emissions for Heavy Feed Vacuum (HFV) unit. Since this is always in series with the Mild Vacuum Unit (MVU), HFV capacity is not counted separately.
F
0,85
Solvent Deasphalting
Conventional Solvent, Supercritical Solvent
F
2,45
Visbreaking
Atmospheric Residuum (w/o a Soaker Drum), Atmospheric Residuum (with a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (w/o a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (with a Soaker Drum)
Visbreaking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.
F
1,40
Thermal Cracking
Thermal cracking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.
F
2,70
Delayed Coking
Delayed Coking
F
2,20
Fluid Coking
Fluid Coking
F
7,60
Flexicoking
Flexicoking
F
16,60
Coke Calcining
Vertical-Axis Hearth, Horizontal-Axis Rotary Kiln
P
12,75
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Fluid Catalytic Cracking, Mild Residuum Catalytic Cracking, Residual Catalytic Cracking
F
5,50
Other Catalytic Cracking
Houdry Catalytic Cracking, Thermofor Catalytic Cracking
F
4,10
Distillate/Gasoil Hydrocracking
Mild Hydrocracking, Severe Hydrocracking, Naphtha Hydrocracking
F
2,85
Residual Hydrocracking
H-Oil, LC-Fining™ and Hycon
F
3,75
Naphtha/Gasoline Hydrotreating
Benzene Saturation, Desulfurisation of C4–C6 Feeds, Conventional Naphtha H/T, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation of Alkylation Feed, FCC Gasoline hydrotreating with minimum octane loss, Olefinic Alkylation of Thio S, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha, Pygas/Naphtha Desulfurisation, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha
Naphtha hydrotreating factor includes energy and emissions for Reactor for Selective H/T (NHYT/RXST) but capacity is not counted separately.
F
1,10
Kerosene/Diesel Hydrotreating
Aromatic Saturation, Conventional H/T, Solvent aromatics hydrogenation, Conventional Distillate H/T, High Severity Distillate H/T, Ultra-High Severity H/T, Middle Distillate Dewaxing, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective Hydrotreating of Distillates
F
0,90
Residual Hydrotreating
Desulfurisation of Atmospheric Residuum Desulfurisation of Vacuum Residuum
F
1,55
VGO Hydrotreating
Hydrodesulphurisation/denitrification, Hydrodesulphurisation
F
0,90
Hydrogen Production
Steam Methane Reforming, Steam Naphtha Reforming, Partial Oxidation Units of Light Feeds
Factor for hydrogen production includes energy and emissions for purification (H2PURE), but capacity is not counted separately.
P (referred to 100 % hydrogen)
300,00
Catalytic Reforming
Continuous Regeneration, Cyclic, Semi-Regenerative, AROMAX
F
4,95
Alkylation
Alkylation with HF Acid, Alkylation with Sulfuric Acid, Polymerisation C3 Olefin Feed, Polymerisation C3/C4 Feed, Dimersol
Factor for alkylation/polymerisation includes energy and emissions for acid regeneration (ACID), but capacity is not counted separately.
P
7,25
C4 Isomerisation
C4 Isomerisation
Factor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIB) correlated with C4 isomerisation.
R
3,25
C5/C6 Isomerisation
C5/C6 Isomerisation
Factor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIH) correlated with C5 isomerisation.
R
2,85
Oxygenate Production
MBTE Distillation Units, MTBE Extractive Units, ETBE, TAME, Isooctene Production
P
5,60
Propylene Production
Chemical Grade, Polymer grade
F
3,45
Asphalt Manufacture
Asphalt & Bitumen Manufacture
Production figure should include Polymer-Modified Asphalt. CWT factor includes blowing
P
2,10
Polymer-Modified Asphalt Blending
Polymer-Modified Asphalt Blending
P
0,55
Sulphur Recovery
Sulphur Recovery
Factor for sulfur recovery includes energy and emissions for tail gas recovery (TRU) and H2S Springer Unit (U32), but capacity is not counted separately.
P
18,60
Aromatic Solvent Extraction
ASE: Extraction Distillation, ASE: Liquid/Liquid Extraction, ASE: Liq/Liq w/Extr. Distillation
CWT factor cover all feeds including Pygas after hydrotreatment. Pygas hydrotreating should be accounted under naphtha hydrotreatment.
F
5,25
Hydrodealkylation
Hydrodealkylation
F
2,45
TDP/TDA
Toluene Disproportionation/Dealkylation
F
1,85
Cyclohexane production
Cyclohexane production
P
3,00
Xylene Isomerisation
Xylene Isomerisation
F
1,85
Paraxylene production
Paraxylene Adsorption, Paraxylene Crystallisation
Factor also includes energy and emissions for Xylene Splitter and Orthoxylene Rerun Column.
P
6,40
Metaxylene production
Metaxylene production
P
11,10
Phtalic anhydride production
Phtalic anhydride production
P
14,40
Maleic anhydride production
Maleic anhydride production
P
20,80
Ethylbenzene production
Ethylbenzene production
Factor also includes energy and emissions for Ethylbenzene distillation.
P
1,55
Cumene production
Cumene production
P
5,00
Phenol production
Phenol production
P
1,15
Lube solvent extraction
Lube solvent extraction: Solvent is Furfural, Solvent is NMP, Solvent is Phenol, Solvent is SO2
F
2,10
Lube solvent dewaxing
Lube solvent dewaxing: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is propane
F
4,55
Catalytic Wax Isomerisation
Catalytic Wax Isomerisation and Dewaxing, Selective Wax Cracking
F
1,60
Lube Hydrocracker
Lube Hydrocracker w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube Hydrocracker w/Vacuum Stripper
F
2,50
Wax Deoiling
Wax Deoiling: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is Propane
P
12,00
Lube/Wax Hydrotreating
Lube H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Lube H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube H/T w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Wax H/T w/Vacuum Stripper
F
1,15
Solvent Hydrotreating
Solvent Hydrotreating
F
1,25
Solvent Fractionation
Solvent Fractionation
F
0,90
Mol sieve for C10+ paraffins
Mol sieve for C10+ paraffins
P
1,85
Partial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Fuel
POX Syngas for Fuel
SG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)
8,20
Partial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Hydrogen or Methanol
POX Syngas for Hydrogen or Methanol, POX Syngas for Methanol
Factor includes energy and emissions for CO Shift and H2 Purification (U71) but capacity is not counted separately.
SG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)
44,00
Methanol from syngas
Methanol
P
– 36,20
Air Separation
Air Separation
P (MNm3 O2)
8,80
Fractionation of purchased NGL
Fractionation of purchased NGL
F
1,00
Flue gas treatment
DeSOx and deNOx
F (MNm3)
0,10
Treatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales
Treatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales
kW
0,15
Seawater Desalination
Seawater Desalination
P
1,15

---
Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2019/331/annex/II/division/1 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-331/annex-II/division-1
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.