Article 2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

1. (1)

   ‘oil crops’ means food and feed crops such as rapeseed, palm, soybeans and sunflower, that are not starch rich crops and sugar crops that are commonly used as feedstock for the production of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels;

2. (2)

   ‘unused land’ means areas which, for a consecutive period of at least 5 years before the start of cultivation of the feedstock used for the production of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels, were neither used for the cultivation of food and feed crops, other energy crops nor any substantial amount of fodder for grazing animals;

3. (3)

   ‘abandoned land’ means unused land, which was used in the past for the cultivation of food and feed crops but where the cultivation of food and feed crops was stopped due to biophysical or socioeconomic constraints;

4. (4)

   ‘severely degraded land’ means land as defined in point 9 of Annex V, part C to Directive (EU) 2018/2001;

5. (5)

   ‘additionality measure’ means any improvement of agricultural practices leading, in a sustainable manner, to an increase in yields of food and feed crops on land that is already used for the cultivation of food and feed crops; and any action that enables the cultivation of food and feed crops on unused land, including abandoned land, for the production of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels;

6. (6)

   ‘additional feedstock’ means the additional amount of a food and feed crop produced in a clearly delineated area compared to the dynamic yield baseline and that is the direct result of applying an additionality measure;

7. (7)

   ‘dynamic yield baseline’ means the average yield from the delineated area where an additionality measure has been taken, calculated over the 3-year period immediately preceding the year of the application of such measure, taking into account the average yield increase observed for that feedstock over the previous decade and the yield curves over the life time in case of permanent crops, excluding yield fluctuations;

8. (8)

   ‘land with high-carbon stock’ means wetlands, including peatland, and continuously forested areas within the meaning of Article 29(4)(a), (b) and (c) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001;

9. (9)

   ‘small holders’ means farmers who conduct independently an agricultural activity on a holding with an agricultural area of less than 2 hectares for which they hold ownership, tenure rights or any equivalent title granting them control over land, and who are not employed by a company, except for a cooperative of which they are members with other small holders, provided that such a cooperative is not controlled by a third party;

10. (10)

    ‘permanent crops’ means non-rotational crops other than permanent grassland and permanent pasture that occupy the land for five years or more and yield repeated harvests.