{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-947/article-4",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-947/article-4.json",
  "legislation": "eur/2019/947",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 of 24 May 2019 on the rules and procedures for the operation of unmanned aircraft (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-regulation-2019-947",
  "path": "article/4",
  "kind": "article",
  "number": "4",
  "heading": "‘Open’ category of UAS operations",
  "text": "1. Operations shall be classified as UAS operations in the ‘open’ category only where the following requirements are met:\n(a) the UAS —\n(i) belongs to one of the classes set out in Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945,\n(ii) is privately built,\n(iii) is a UAS to which this Regulation applies by virtue of Article 20A,\n(iv) has an MTOM of less than 100 g, or\n(v) is covered by point UAS.OPEN.020(5)(zb), UAS.OPEN.030(3)(b) or UAS.OPEN.040(4)(za) of Part A of the Annex;\n(b) the unmanned aircraft has a maximum take-off mass of less than 25 kg;\n(c) the remote pilot ensures that the unmanned aircraft is kept at a safe distance from people and that it is not flown over assemblies of people;\n(d) the remote pilot keeps the unmanned aircraft in VLOS at all times except when flying in follow-me mode or when using an unmanned aircraft observer as specified in Part A of the Annex;\n(e) during flight, the unmanned aircraft is maintained within 120 metres from the closest point of the surface of the earth, except when overflying an obstacle, as specified in Part A of the Annex\n(f) during flight, the unmanned aircraft does not carry dangerous goods and does not drop any material;\n2. UAS operations in the ‘open’ category shall be divided in three sub-categories in accordance with the requirements set out in Part A of the Annex.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in Art. 4(1)(a) substituted (1.1.2026) by The Unmanned Aircraft (Amendment) Regulations 2025 (S.I. 2025/1106), regs. 1(2), 19"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2019/947/article/4",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T14:43:19.880104+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}