{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/european-union-withdrawal-act-2018/schedule-5/paragraph-3",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/european-union-withdrawal-act-2018/schedule-5/paragraph-3.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/2018/16",
  "legislation_title": "European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/european-union-withdrawal-act-2018",
  "path": "schedule/5/paragraph/3",
  "kind": "paragraph",
  "number": "3",
  "heading": null,
  "text": "(1) Where it is necessary, in legal proceedings, to decide a question as to—\n(a) the meaning or effect in EU law of any of the EU Treaties or any other treaty relating to the EU, or\n(b) the validity, meaning or effect in EU law of any EU instrument,\nthe question is to be treated ... as a question of law.\n(2) In this paragraph—\n...\n“treaty” includes—\n(a)any international agreement, and\n(b)any protocol or annex to a treaty or international agreement.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in Sch. 5 para. 3(1) substituted (31.12.2020) by European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1), s. 42(7), Sch. 5 para. 48(3)(a)(i) (with s. 38(3), Sch. 5 para. 66); S.I. 2020/1622, reg. 5(j)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in Sch. 5 para. 3(1) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1), s. 42(7), Sch. 5 para. 48(3)(a)(ii) (with s. 38(3), Sch. 5 para. 66); S.I. 2020/1622, reg. 5(j)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in Sch. 5 para. 3(2) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1), s. 42(7), Sch. 5 para. 48(3)(b) (with s. 38(3), Sch. 5 para. 66); S.I. 2020/1622, reg. 5(j)"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "Sch. 5 para. 3 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1622, reg. 3(m)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/16/schedule/5/paragraph/3",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:04:51.422677+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}