Chapter GROUP 3F

Note: Goods specified in the heads of this Group may also be specified in Group 1 of this Part of this Schedule.

Electronic equipment including Communications, radar, and Scientific Instruments and apparatus

Navigation, direction finding, radar and airborne communication equipment and technology, the following—

1. (a)

   Airborne communication equipment having any of the following characteristics, and specially designed components and specially designed ODMA software therefor,

• except equipment operating in the frequency range of 108 to 137 MHz with 760 channels or fewer at not less than 25 kHz spacing, and which has been in normal civil use for at least one year;

except equipment which does not have the characteristics r4ferred to in sub-head (a)(4) above and

1. (a)

   is to equip civil aircraft, or

2. (b)

   is normal standard equipment incorporated in civil aircraft.

• except—

• except

• standard commercial airborne equipment needed to equip civil aircraft or civil helicopters or as normal standard equipment incorporated in civil aircraft or civil helicopters being exported for civil commercial use, provided such equipment is equivalent in all characteristics and performance to standard equipment of aircraft not specified in entry IL1460 in group 3E, and in which are frequency-modulated radio altimeters which have been in normal civil use for a period of more than one year;

• except—

  • ground and marine equipment for use with airborne navigation equipment using the constant velocity or rectilinear propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves having a frequency less than 5 × 10¹⁴Hz (wavelength 0.75 micrometre), provided, in the case of ground equipment, it is for use at civil airports or for civil use in association with civil airborne equipment, and—

  1. (1)

      is in conformity wityh ICAO standards and assures no function exceeding those resulting from such standards;

  2. (2)

      is not designed to make use of hyperbolic grids at frequencies greater than 3 MHz;

• except—

• equipment, other than single side band equipment, operating at frequencies up to 157 MHz and employing a loop system or a system employing a number of spaced vertical aerials uniformaly disposed around the circumference of a circle, excluding electronically communicated types;

• except—

• equipment which can only be used with TRANSIT satellite systems or other systems not also specified elsewhere in this Schedule, and which is also specified in sub-head (b)(4) above.

• These shall be excluded from sub-heads (b)(4) and (5) global positioning satellite receivers which have all of the following characteristics:

• except—

• airborne civil weather-radar conforming to international stndards for civil weather radar provided it does not include any of the following characteristics—

  1. (a)

     phased array antennae;

  2. (b)

     frequency agility;

  3. (c)

     spread spectrum; or

  4. (d)

     any signal processing specially designed for tracking of vehicles.

• except commercial civil airport radar using a carrier frequency that may change from -pulse to pulse between two fixed frequencies separated in time and in frequency by constant magnitudes

• There shall be excluded from head (c), secondary radar equipment specially designed for civil air traffic identification and control purposes.

The following shall be excluded from this entry—

1. (a)

   equipment assemblies for civil marine automatic radar plotting aids or electronic relative motion analyzers designed to achieve the requirements published by the International Maritime Organization in accordance with the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) converntions, provided the designed tracking speeds do not exceed relative values of greater than 150 knots (77.1 metres/second);

2. (b)

   ground radar of the hand-held and automobile-mounted type used for vehcle speed monitoring by police authorities and operating in the frequency band 10.5 to 10.55 GHz;

In this entry the terms “civil aircraft” and “civil helicopters” include only those types of civil aircraft and civil helicopters which are listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by any civil aviation authority to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or for normal civil, private or business use.

Communication, detection or tracking equipment of a kind using ultra-violet radiation, infrared radiation or ultrasonic waves, and specially designed components and specially designed software therefor

except—

• ultrasonic devices which operate in contact with a controlled material to be inspected, or which are used for industrial cleaning, sorting or materials handling, industrial and civilian intrusion alarm, traffic and industrial movement control and counting systems, medical applications, emulsification, homogenisation, or simple educational or entertainment devices;

  For the purpose of this exception—

• “simple educational devices” are devices designed for use in teaching basic scientific principles and demonstrating the operation of those principles in educational institutions.

• underwater ultrasonic communications equipment designed for operation with amplitude modulation and having a communications range of 500 m or less (Sea State 1), a carrier frequency of 40 to 60 kHz and a carrier power supplied to the transducer of 1 W or less;

• the following equipment—

  1. (a)

     industrial equipment employing cells not specified in the entry IL1548;

  2. (b)

     industrial and civilian intrusion alarm, traffic and industrial movement control and counting systems;

  3. (c)

     medical equipment;

  4. (d)

     industrial and civilian intrusion alarm, traffic and industrial movement control and counting systems;

  5. (e)

     simple educational or entertainment devices which employ photo cells;

  6. (f)

     flame detectors for industrial furnaces;

  7. (g)

     equipment for non-contact temperature measurement for laboratory or industrial purposes utilsing a single detector cell with no scanning of the detector

  8. (h)

     instruments capable of measuring radiated power or energy having a response time constant exceeding 10 ms;

  9. (i)

     equipment designed for measuring radiated power or energy for laboratory, agricultural or industrial purposes using a single detector cell with no scanning of the detector cell assemblies or probes specially designed therefor having a response time constant exceeding 1 microsecond;

  10. (j)

      infrared geodetic equipment, provided that equipment uses a lighting source other than a laser and is manually operated or uses a lighting source (other than a laser or a light emitting diode) remote from the measuring equipment;

• the following equipment—

  1. (a)

     infrared thermal imaging equipment having all the following characteristics:

     1. (1)

        the detector is a single element;

     2. (2)

        the detector is neither a charge coupled device (CCD) nor an integrate-while-scan device;

     3. (3)

        the detector is either:

        1. (i)

           not cooled; or

        2. (ii)

           cooled by using a liquid nitrogen Dewar vessel; and

     4. (4)

        the equipment is:

        1. (i)

           non-ruggedised, medical equipment; or

        2. (ii)

           has both of the following:

        3. (a)

            a resolution not exceeding 22,500 resolvable elements; and

        4. (b)

            a Noise Equivalent Temperature Diofference (NETD) (or temperature sensitivity) of no less than 0.1°C;

  2. (b)

     infrared viewing equipment having all the following characteristics:

     1. (1)

        the detector is a pyroelectric vidicon without reticle;

     2. (2)

        the equipment is designed for fire fighting and buried body detection; and

     3. (3)

        the optimal sensitivity is in the wavelength range from 8 to 14 micrometers

Note:

This entry includes infra red or ultra-violet sensing devices not specified in Group 1 of this Schedule and which contain image intensifiers specified in entry IL1555 in this Group.

Marine or terrestrial acoustic or ultrasonic systems or equipment specially designed for positioning surface vessels or underwater vehicles, or for detecting or locating underwater or subterranean objects or features and specially designed components of such systems or equipment, including but not limited to hydrophones, transducers, beacons, towed hydrophone arrays, beamformers and geophones and specially designed software therefor

except—

• Marine systems or equipment, the following—

  1. (A)

     active (transmitting, or transmitting and receiving) systems or equipment, including but not limited to depth sounders and fish-finders and their associated beamformers, the following:

     1. (1)

        depth sounders used solely for measuring the depth of water or the distance of submerged or buried objects vertically below the apparatus;

     2. (2)

        horizontally-operated object detection or location systems having all of the following characteristics:

        1. (a)

           transmitting frequency of 15 kHz or greater;

        2. (b)

           sound pressure level less than 250 dB (reference 1 micropascal at 1 metre) for equipment with operating frequency between 15 and 30 kHz, with no decibel limitation for equipment operating at frequencies of 30 kHz or higher;

        3. (c)

           transmission capaability limited to ±10 per cent of the dsign centre frequency;

        4. (d)

           not designed to withstand pressure during normal operation at depths greater than 1,000 metres;

        5. (e)

           displaying a range of 5,000 metres or less;

     3. (3)

        electronic noise sources for vertically directional use only, or mechanical (eg air gun or vapour-shock gun) or chemical noise sources;

     4. (4)

        acoustic systems or equipment for positioning surface vessels or underwater vehicles, provided that:

        1. (a)

           their control capability is limited to release and basic transponder capabilities;

        2. (b)

           they are not capable of processing responses from more than four beacons in the calculation of a single point, and have neither devices nor software for correcting automatically velocity-of-propagation errors for point calculation, nor any coherent signal processing means;

        3. (c)

           they are capable only of operating within a range of less than 1,000 metres or, if capable of operating beyond the range of more than 1,000 metres, are not capable of achieving positional accuracy of better (less) than 20 metres when measured at a range of 1,000 metres;

        4. (d)

           transducers, acoustic modules or hydrophones therefor are not designed to withstand pressure during normal operation at depths greater than 1,000 metres; and

        5. (e)

           beacons therefor are not designed to withstand pressure during normal operation at depths greater than 1,000 metres, do not have oscillators with a stability greater than 10⁻⁵ over periods of 24 hours, and do not use complex codes or beamformers which have shaded or formed beams;

  2. (B)

     passive (receiving, whether or not related in normal application to separate active equipment) acoustic hydrophones or transducers having all of the following characteristics:

     1. (1)

        independently mounted or configured and not reasonably capable of assembly by the user into a towed hydrophone array;

     2. (2)

        incorporating sensitive elements made of piezoelectric ceramics or crystal:

        1. (a)

           with a sensitivity no better than −180 dB (referenct 1 volt per micropascal) when not designed for operation at depths of more than 100 m and not acceleration compensated;

        2. (b)

           with a sensitivity no better than −192 dB (reference 1 volt per micropascal) when not designed for operation at depths of more than 100 m;

        3. (c)

           with a sensitivity no better than −204 dB (reference 1 volt per micropascal) when not designed for operation at depths of more than 1000 m.

• Terrestrial systems or equipment having both the following characteristics—

  1. (a)

     not reasonably capable of conversion by the user to underwater or marine applications specified in this entry;

  2. (b)

     not employing geophones or other transducers specified in this entry.

• Moving Coil or moving magnet electromagnetic geophones.

Receivers, the following: and specially designed components, accessories and specially designed software therefor—

• except receivers specially designed for internationally allocated civil frequency bands only and where digital signal-processing circuits are not user accessible programmable.

In this entry—

• “spread spectrum” means as the technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow-band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum under the control of a random or pseudo-random bit stream. On receipt, the signal is correlated with the same bit stream to achieve the reverse process of reducing the bandwidth to its original form. By allocating different bit streams to different subscribers transmitting simultaneously, significantly greater use can be made of available bandwidth.

• “Frequency agility” (or “frequency hopping”) is a system in which the transmission frequency of a single communication channel is made to change by discrete steps under the control of a similar bit stream.

Radio transmitters, the following: and specially designed components therefor—

There shall be excluded from this entry transmitters or transmitter-amplifiers, or systems containing such equipment, accessories and sub-assemblies therefor, with any of the following characteristics—

1. (a)

   specially designed for medical applications and operating at ISM frequencies;

2. (b)

   having an output power of not more than 10 W, which are specially designed for—

   1. (1)

      industrial or civil intrusion detection and alarm;

   2. (2)

      industrial and traffic detection, counting, speed measurement, identification and movement control;

   3. (3)

      carrying information from equipment within paragraph (a) or (b) (1) or (b)(2) to this exception or the information from environmental, air or water pollution detection or measurement systems.

3. (c)

   transmitters using wideband amplifiers designed for non-frequency agile civil applications.

• For the purposes of this entry “spread spectrum” and “frequency agile” are as defined in entry IL1516 above.

Burst transmitters and associated receiving equipment (except simple on-line morse or other data signal convertors or standard items of ADP equipment) and specialised assemblies, sub-assemblies and components therefor

In this entry a “burst transmitter” is any electronic equipment or device for use with radio or other communications systems, whether part of a transmitter or modulation device or ancillary to it, which has a capability to accept and store data (telegraphic, speech or other) and to transmit these at transmission speeds/bit rates which are multiples of the input keying speed/bit rates, the purpose or effect of which is to reduce total message duration time and thus to evade detection by other than the intended recipient.

Telemetering and telecontrol equipment suitable for use with aircraft (piloted or pilotless), space vehicles or weapons (guided or unguided), and specially designed test equipment therefor

except equipment specially designed to be used for remote control of toys such as model planes and boats and having electric field strength of not more than 200 microvolts per metre at a distance of 500 metres.

Telecommunication transmission equipment and measuring and test equipment, the following: and specially designed components and specifically designed software therefor—

1. (a)

   Telecommunication transmission equipment employing digital techniques (including the digital processing of analogue signals) and having at least one of the following characteristics—

   1. (1)

      designed for a total digital transfer rate which, at the highest multiplex level, exceeds—

• Note:

  • In the case of—

  1. (a)

      line terminating equipment;

  2. (b)

      intermediate amplifier equipment;

  3. (c)

      repeater equipment;

  4. (d)

      regenerator equipment; or

  5. (e)

      translation encoders (transcoders);

  •  “90 million bit/s” shall be substituted for “45 million bit/s” in heading (a)(1)(a) above.

except—

1. (a)

   telemetering, telecommand and telesignalling equipmemt designed for industrial purposes, and data transmission equipment not intended for the transmission of written or printed text;

2. (b)

   facsimile equipment other than the equipment specified in entry IL1527 in this Group;

3. (c)

   equipment employing exclusively the direct current transmission technique.

In this entry—

• “bandwidth of one voice channel”—

  • in the case of data communication equipment designed to operate in one voice channel of 3,100 Hz, has the same meaning as in CCITT Recommendation G.151;

• “data signalling rate”—

  • as defined in ITU Recommendation 53–56, taking into account that, for non-binary modulation “baud” and “bit per second” are not equal. Bits for coding, checking and synchronisation functions are to be included;

• “telecommunication transmission equipment” means one or more of the following items of equipment:

  1. (a)
     1. (1)

        line terminating equipment;

     2. (2)

        intermediate amplifier equipment;

     3. (3)

        repeater equipment;

     4. (4)

        regenerator equipment;

     5. (5)

        translation encoders (transcoders);

     6. (6)

        multiplex equipment;

     7. (7)

        modulators/demodulators (modems);

     8. (8)

        transmultiplex equipment (see CCITT Rec. G701);

     9. (9)

        stored programme controlled digital crossconnection equipment;

  2. (b)

     which is designed for use in single or multi-channel communication via:

     1. (1)

        wire (line);

     2. (2)

        coaxial cable;

     3. (3)

        optical fibre cable; or

     4. (4)

        radio.

Radio relay communication equipment, specially designed test equipment and specially designed software, the following and specially designed components and accessories therefor—

• except—

  1. (i)

     microwave radio links for fixed civil installations operating at fixed frequencies not exceeding 19.7 GHz, employing analogue transmission with a capacity of up to 2,700 voice channels of 3 kHz each or of a television channel of 6 MHz maximum nominal bandwidth and associated sound channels;

  2. (ii)

     microwave radio links for fixed civil installations operating at fixed frequencies not exceeding 19.7 GHz, employing digital transmission techniques designed for operation at a total bit rate not exceeding 8.5 million bit/s;

  3. (iii)

     ground communication radio equipment for use with temporarily fixed services operated by the civilian authorities and designed to be used at fixed frequencies not exceeding 15 GHz with a power output of not more than 5 W;

  4. (iv)

     TV-receive-only (TVRO) stations for satellite reception specially designed for use at fixed frequencies meeting ITU standards in civil television or sound radio systems in the following frequency ranges—

     (1) S-band:	2.5–2.69 GHz
     (2) C-band:	3.4–4.2 GHz 4.5–4.8 GHz
     (3) Ku- and Ka-band:	10.7–12.75 GHz

  5. (v)

     equipment specially designed for the transmission of television signals

  6. (1)

      between camera and studio or between studio and television transmitter; and

  7. (2)

      not exceeding a line-of-site distance with respect to any one installation;

  8. (vi)

     equipment specially designed to be installed and operated in communication satellite earth stations using—

  9. (1)

      INTELSAT;

  10. (2)

       MARISAT;

  11. (3)

       EUTELSAT; or

  12. (4)

       INMARSAT;

• except—

• technology for installation, operation or maintenance.

• except—

• technology for installation, operation or maintenance.

There shall be excluded from this entry—

• equipment for civil television transmission or for general commercial traffic or technology for the installation, maintenance, and operation thereof, provided—

  1. (a)

     the equipment is not designed for operation at a total bit rate exceeding 45 million bits/s; and

  2. (b)

     the equipment does not employ quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) techniques;

• equipment for civil industrial use including telephone channels for the operation of such networks and the engineering service circuits required for the maintenance of telecommunication links or technology for the installation, maintenance and operation thereof, provided that—

  1. (a)

     microwave radio links employing analogue transmission techniques have a capacity not exceeding 2,700 voice channels of 4 kHz each;

  2. (b)

     microwave radio links employing digital transmission techniques operate a a frequency not exceeding 19.7 GHz and are designed to operate at a total digital bit rate not exceeding 45 million bit/s; and

  3. (c)

     the equipment does not employ quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) techniques.

Solid-state amplifiers the following: and specially designed components and accessories therefor—

except solid state amplifiers which—

• are specially designed for community television distribution systems; or

• have a bandwidth of 10 MHz or less.

In this entry “bandwidth” means the range of freuencies over which the power amplification does not drop to less than one half of its maximum value.

Lasers and equipment containing lasers, the following—

• except, save when specially designed for equipment specified in head (b) below, the following—

  1. (i)

     argon, krypton or non-tunable dye lasers having one of the following sets of characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength between 0.2 to 0.8 micrometre, a pulsed output energy not exceeding 0.5 joule per pulse and an average or continuous wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 20W; or

     2. (2)

        an output wavelength between 0.8 and 1.0 micrometre, a pulsed output energy not exceeding 0.25 joule per pulse and an average or continuous wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 10 watts;

  2. (ii)

     helium-cadmium, nitrogen and multigas lasers not elsewhere specified in this head with both of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength shorter than 0.8 micrometre;

     2. (2)

        a pulsed output not exceeding 0.5 joule per pulse and an average or continuous-wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 120 watt;

  3. (iii)

     helium-neon lasers with an output wavelength shorter than 0.8 micrometre;

  4. (iv)

     ruby-lasers with both of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength shorter than 0.8 micrometre;

     2. (2)

        an energy output not exceeding 20 joules per pulse;

  5. (v)

     CO₂, CO or CO/CO₂ lasers having either of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength in the range of 9 to 11 micrometres and a pulsed output energy not exceeding 2 joules per pulse and a maximum rated average single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 1.2 kW or a continuous-wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 5.0 kW; or

     2. (2)

        an output wavelength in the range of 5 to 7 micrometres and having a continuous-wave maximunm rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 50 watts;

  6. (vi)

     Nd:YAG lasers having an output wavelength of 1.064 micrometres with any of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        a pulsed output not exceeding 0.5 joule per pulse and maximum rated average single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 10 watts or a continuous-wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 50 watts;

     2. (2)

        a pulsed output not exceeding 10 joules per pulse with a pulse width not less than 50 microseconds and a maximum rated average single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 50 watts;

     3. (3)

        a pulsed output not exceeding 1.5 joules per pulse, a maximum rated average single- or multi-mode output power not exceeding 25 W, and used for pumping tunable pulsed dye lasers specified in (ix) below;

  7. (vii)

     Nd:Glass lasers with both of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength in the range of 1.05 to 1.06 micrometres; and

     2. (2)

        a pulsed output not exceeding 2 joules per pulse;

  8. (viii)

     tunable CW dye lasers, with both of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength shorter than 0.8 micrometre; and

     2. (2)

        an output not exceeding an average or continuous-wave maximum rated single- or multi-mode output power of 1 W;

  9. (ix)

     tunable pulsed lasers (for argon and krypton lasers, see exception (i) to head (a) above), including dye, having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        an output wavelength between 0.15 and 0.8 micrometre;

     2. (2)

        a pulse duration not exceeding 100 nanoseconds;

     3. (3)

        a pulsed output energy not exceeding 0.5 jule per pulse; and

     4. (4)

        an average power not exceeding 10 watts;

  10. (x)

      single-element semiconductor lasers with a wavelength shorter than 1 micrometre designed for, and used in, equipment excluded by paragraph (xiii), (xiv), (xix) or (xx) to head (b) below;

  11. (xi)

      secmiconductor lasers having—

      1. (1)

         an output wavelength no longer than 1,000 nm; and

      2. (2)

         a continuous wave (CW) output power not exceeding 100 mW;

  12. (xii)

      uncooled, unsegmented mirrors with glass or dielectric substrates for use as end reflectors for laser resonators;

• except the following equipment containing lasers of the types excluded from head (a) above—

  1. (i)

     specially designed for industrial and civilian intrusion detection and alarm systems;

  2. (ii)

     specially designed for medical applications;

  3. (iii)

     equipment for educational and laboratory purposes;

  4. (iv)

     specially designed for traffic and industrial movement control and counting systems;

  5. (v)

     specially designed for detection of environmental pollution;

  6. (vi)

     optical spectrometers and densitometers;

  7. (vii)

     equipment containing continuous-wave helium-neon gas lasers (but see head (c) below);

  8. (viii)

     textile-cutting and textile-bonding equipment;

  9. (ix)

     paper-cutting equipment;

  10. (x)

      equipment containing lasers for drilling diamond dies for the wire drawing industry;

  11. (xi)

      electronic scanning equipment with auxiliary electronic screening unit specially designed for printing processes, including such equipment when used for the production of colour separations;

  12. (xii)

      laser-radar (lidar) equipment specially designed for surveying or meteorological observation;

  13. (xiii)

      consumer-type reproducers for video and audio discs, employing non-erasable media;

  14. (xiv)

      price scanners (point of sale);

  15. (xv)

      equipment designed for surveying purposes, provided there is no capabiity of measuring range;

  16. (xvi)

      equipment specially designed for the marking of components;

  17. (xvii)

      specially designed gravure (printing plate) manufacturing equipment;

  18. (xviii)

      equipment specially designed for visual entertainment purposes (laser light shows) provided it has no holographic capability;

  19. (xix)

      electronic printers, including those capable of being used with digital computers, which have a capacity not exceeding 2,000 lines (30 pages) per minute or 300 characters per second;

  20. (xx)

      electronic copiers, including those capable of being used with digital computers, which have a capacity not exceeding 30 pages per minute and which do not include any of the following—

      1. (1)

         Optical Character Recognition (OCR) equipment which is not excepted from control by exception (h)(2)(iv)(k) of the entry IL1565 in Group 3G;

      2. (2)

         digitising equipment which is not excepted from control by exception (h)(2)(iv)(b) in the entry IL1565 in Group 3G;

      3. (3)

         image enhancement capability;

In this entry—

• “tunable” refers to the ability of a laser to produce an output at any wavelength within its tuning range. A line-selectable laser which can operate only on discrete wavelengths is not tunable.

• the term “specially designed components” includes active and passive components in semi-fabricated forms as well as in fabricated forms;

• a “laser” is an assembly of components designed to produce a coherent light which is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation;

• “equipment containing lasers” means that the equipment uses coherent light for a certain application.

Optical fibres, optical cables and other cables and components and accessories, the following—

• except cable which is armoured only by either a tough outer sheath or by an electromagnetic screen

• except connectors for use with optical fibres or cable with a repeatable coupling loss of 0.5 dB or more.

In this entry—

• “beat length” means the distance, over which two orthogonally polarised signals, initially in phase, must pass in order to achieve 2 Pi radian(s) phase difference;

• “proof test” consists of on-line or off-line production screen testing that dynamically applies a prescribed tensile stress over a 0.5 to 3 m length of fibre at a running rate of 2 to 5 m/s while passing between capstans approximately 15 cm in diameter. The ambient temperature is a nominal 20°C and relative humidity 40%

Cryptographic equipment designed to ensure secrecy of communications (such as telegraphy, telephony, facsimile, video, and data communications) or of stored information; and specially designed components therefor, and software controlling or computers performing the functions of such cryptographic equipment

except simple cryptographic devices or equipment ensuring only the privacy of communications, the following—

1. (a)

   equipment for voice transmission making us of fixed frequency inversions of fixed band scrambling techniques in which the transposition changes occur not more frequently than once every 10 seconds;

2. (b)

   standard civil facsimile and video equipment designed to ensure the privacy of communications by an analogue transmission using non-standard practices for intended receivers only (video system equipment effecting the transposition of analogue data);

3. (c)

   video systems for pay televsion and similar restricted audience television, including industrial and commercial television equipment using other than standard commercial sweep systems.

Note 1. This entry includes video systems which, for secrecy purposes, use digital techniques (conversion of an analogue, ie video or facsimile signal into a digital signal).

Note 2. Digital computers and digital differential analysers (incremental computers) designed or modified for, or combined with, any cypher machines, cryptographic equipment devices or techniques including software, microprogramme control (firmware).

• or

• except either of the following types—

  1. (1)

      instruments where the user-accessible programmabillity is limited to—

  2. (a)

       the replacement of fixed storage devices (e.g. ROMs) which are not specified in this Schedule; or

  3. (b)

       the selection of pre-programmed functions from a menu;

  •  or

  1. (2)

      instruments which—

  2. (a)

       have been designed for nonstrategic use and by nature of design, software mocroprogramme control, specialised logic control (hardware) or performance are substantially restricted to the particular application for which they have been designed; and

  3. (b)

       are not specified elsewhere in this entry.

• or

• except—

  1. (a)

     logic probes, logic pulsers, digital current tracers (current sniffers), signature analysers and other digital circuit testers for observing single events or providing stimuli at single test points;

  2. (b)

     logic clips and logic comparators;

  3. (c)

     digital word generators capable of operating at a maximum clock rate of 2 MHz or less with word lengths of 8 bit or less;

• except—

  • microprocessor or microcomputer development instruments or systems which can be used to develop software for, or to programme, a family of microprocessor microcomputer microcircuits not designed or produced in a country listed in Schedule 2 provided that—

  1. (a)

      the instruments or systems can be used only for microprocessor or microcomputer microcircuits having an operand (data) word length of less than or equal to 8 bit and not having an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) wider than 8 bit; and

  2. (b)

      the family contains at least one microprocessor or microcomputer microcircuit and which is not specified in the entry IL 1564 in this Group.

• Note: for counters or timers having a time interval measurement mode see also head (d) below

• except—

  1. (a)

     visual quantization apparatus capable pof providing an average value, displayed or not, of the results of the measurement;

  2. (b)

     multichannel analyzers of all types used in nuclear experimentation;

  3. (c)

     industrial telemeasuring devices in which a pre-set storage value is used as a basis for measuring.

In this entry—

a “family” means a group of microprocessor or microcomputer microcircuits which have:

1. (a)

   the same architecture;

2. (b)

   the same basic instruction set; and

3. (c)

   the same basic technology (e.g. only NMOS or only CMOS);

“figure of merit” means the product of the maximum sampling rate in MHz and the number of input channels excluding qualifier channels;

“manufacturer” means the individual or organisation designing the instrument for the intended application (in contrast to an individual or organisation merely programming an instrument at, or in accordance with, a user’s request);

“comb frequency generators” means devices which generate a spectrum of harmonics;

“swept-frequency network analyzers” means the automatic measurement of equivalent circuit parameters over a range of frequencies. This involves swept-frequency measurement techniques but not CW point-to-point measurements;

“amplitude and phase receivers” means instruments capable of measuring the amplitude of a microwave signal or the amplitude of two microwave signals and the relative phase between them. (The principal application of these instruments is the measurement of near and far zone phase and amplitude antenna patterns. They can also be used for measurement of microwave device and components characteristics. In general, they are more sophisticated and sensitive (better than −100 dBm) than phase and impedance measuring instruments such as RF vector impedance meters and vector voltmeters. They also feature wide dynamic range (80 dB) and very good linearity (approximately ±0.25 kB).);

“frequency (heterodyne) converters” means instruments which down convert an unknown frequency by mixing with an accurately known frequency. The accurately known frequency is developed by multiplication of a crystal-derived reference which is passed through a harmonic generator. By mixing the appropriate harmonic and the unknown frequencies, an accurate third frequency results;

“transfer oscillators” means instruments which can be based on the property of harmonic mixing. Differences exist in that a local oscillator is utilized whereas a crystal-derived reference frequency is utilized in the case of heterodyne converters. The unknown frequency is mixed with the local oscillator (LO) and the two are phase-locked by tuning the LO. The LO can then be measured by a counter;

“user-accessible programmability” means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace programmes by means other than:

1. (a)

   a physical change in wiring or interconnections; or

2. (b)

   the setting of function controls including entry of parameters;

“burst frequency measurement” counters contain special gating circuits which start only when the input signal is present and stop counting at the completion of the burst;

“pulse frequency profiling” means the capability of measuring the changes of frequency (or phase) within a pulse as a function of time; such changes in frequency would be present in a transmitted pulse-compression radar pulse (“chirp radar”). This profiling may be achieved by internal or external gating. Pulse frequency profiling does not include frequency modulation tolerance while it is being frequency modulated.

Frequency synthesizers and equipment containing such frequency synthesizers, and specially designed components and accessories therefor, the following—

• except—

  • synthesized signal generators specified in sub-heads (b)(1) or (b)(2)(i) above having a maximum synthsized output frequency of 1,400 MHz or a single sideband phase noise of not less than −136 kBc/Hz when measured at an offset of 20 kHz from a carrier frequency of 100 MHz, provided the technology supplied is the minimum necessary for the use of such generators.

• except those specially designed for receivers excepted from sub-head (d)(1) above or those specially designed for use in tuners for entertainment type receivers.

• except—

  1. (i)

     television broadcasting transmitters having an output frequency from 470 MHz to 960 MHz with a frequency resolution of not better than 1 kHz and where the manually-operated frequency synthesizer incorporated in or driving the transmitter has an output frequency not greater than 120 MHz;

  2. (ii)

     FM and AM ground communication equipment for use in the land mobile service and operating in the 420 to 470 MHz band, with a power output of 50 W or less for mobile units and 300 W or less for fixed units, with a frequency resolution of not better than 6.25 kHz and with a frequency switching time of more than 50 milliseconds;

  3. (iii)

     portable (personal) or mobile radiotelephones for civil use, eg for use with commercial civil cellular radiocommunications systems having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (a)

        operating in the 420 to 960 MHz range;

     2. (b)

        a power output of 25 W or less; and

     3. (c)

        a frequency switching time of 10 ms or more.

There shall be excluded from this entry—

equipment in which the output frequency is produced by the addition or subtraction of two or more crystal oscillator frequencies which may be followed by multiplication of the result.

In this entry—

“frequency synthesiser” means any kind of frequency source or signal generator, regardless of the actual technique used, providing a multiplicity of simultaneous or alternative output frequencies, from one or more outputs, controlled by, derived from or disciplined by a lesser number of standard (or master) frequencies;

“frequency switching time” means the maximum time (ie delay), when switched from one selected output frequency to another selected output frequency, to reach:

1. (a)

   a frequency within 100 Hz of the final frequency; or

2. (b)

   an output level within 1.0 dB of the final output level.

In this entry “transceiver” means equipment which comprises a radio transmitter and a radio receiver and which uses part or all of the same circuitry in both transmit and receive modes.

Precision linear and angular measuring systems, the following: and specifically designed components and specially designed ODMA software therefor—

1. (a)

   Contact-type systems and linear voltage differential transformers (LVDT) therefor, the following—

• or

• except optical instrument, such as autocollimators, using collimated light to detect angular displacements of a mirror

• or

In this entry—

• “accuracy” means the maximum deviation, positive or negative, of an indicated value from an accepted standard or true value;

• “linearity” means the maximum deviation of the actual characteristics (average of upscale and downscale readings), positive or negative, from a straight line so positioned as to equalise and minimise the maximum deviations.

Signal analysers (including spectrum analysers), having any of the following characteristics: and specially designed components, accessories and specially designed ODMA software therefor—

• except

  1. (1)

     optical spectrum analysers;

  2. (2)

     instruments specified only in head (c) above provided that the instruments are not capable of operating at frequencies over 2 GHz.

Flatbed microdensitometers (except cathode-ray types), having any of the following characteristics: and specially designed components therefor—

• except equipment with a spatial resolution not better (less) than 2 micrometres and a density resolution not better (less) than 0.01 density unit

Note: Density resolution expressed in density units is measured over the optical density range of the instrument.

Microwave (including millimetric wave) equipment, including parametric amplifiers capable of operating at frequencies over 1 GHz the following: (other than microwave equipment specified in the entries IL1501, IL1517, IL1520 and IL1529 in this Group)—

• or

• except—

• duplexers and phase shifters specifically designed for use in civil television systems or in other civil radar or communication systems not specified elsewhere in this Schedule.

• except microwave assemblies, sub-assemblies or amplifiers or combinations therefor and technology for the use thereof, having all of the following characteristics—

  1. (a)

     fixed tuned at the time of manufacture to operate only within the ITU satellite broadcasting band from 11.7 to 12.5 GHz;

  2. (b)

     not capable of being retuned to a new frequency band by the user; and

  3. (c)

     specially designed for use with, or in, civil television receivers

• except—

  1. (1)

     parametric or paramagnetic amplifiers having any of the following characteristics—

  2. (i)

      they are specially designed for medical applications;

  3. (ii)

      they are specially for use in simple educational devices and operate at industrial, scientific or medical (ISM) frequencies; or

  4. (iii)

      they have an output power of not more than 10 W and are specially designed for:

  5. (a)

       industrial or civilian instrusion detection and alarm systems;

  6. (b)

       traffic or industrial movement control and counting systems;

  7. (c)

       environmental pollution air or water detection systems;

  8. (8)

     microwave assemblies, sub-assemblies or amplifiers or combinations therefor, having all of the following characteristics and technology for the use thereof—

  9. (a)

       fixed tuned at the time of manufacture to operate only within the ITU satellite broadcasting band from 11.7 to 12.5 GHz;

  10. (b)

        not capable of being returned to a new frequency band by the user; and

  11. (c)

        specially designed for use with, or in, civil television receivers;

  12. (d)

        simple educational devices

In this entry “simple educational devices” are devices designed for use in teaching basic scientific principles and demonstrating the operation of those principles in educational institutions.

Cathode-ray tubes having any of the following characteristics—

• except—

• cathode-ray tubes having all of the following characteristics—

  1. (i)

     the microchannel plate electron multipliers have a hole pitch of 25 micrometres or more;

  2. (ii)

     the tubes are not ruggedised for military use;

  3. (iii)

     the tubes have a horizontal sweep slower than 200 ns/cm; and

  4. (iv)

     the electron gun is mounted parallel to the screen surface.

Cold cathode tubes and switches, the following—

In this entry “triggered spark-gaps” are tubes with a structure consisting of two opposed anodes with shapes resembling flattened hemispheres, and with one or more triggering probes placed approximately in the centre of one anode. The structure is sealed and contains a mixture of gases, principally nitrogen, under less than atmospheric pressure.

Semiconductor diodes, the following: and dice and wafers therefor—

• except—

  1. (i)

     point contact diodes designed or rated for use at input or output frequencies of 12.5 GHz or less;

  2. (ii)

     Schottky diodes designed or rated for mixed use at input or output frequencies of less than 12.5 GHz and having a noise figure of more than 6.5 dB;

  3. (iii)

     Schottky diodes designed or rated for detector use at input or output frequencies of less than 12.5 GHz and having a minimum rated tangential sensitivity of either worse than −45 dBm under unbiased conditions or worse than −50 dBm under biased conditions.

• or

There shall be excluded from this entry semiconductor diodes based upon germanium, selenium or copper oxide

Transistors, the following and dice and wafers therefor—

1. (a)

   Transistors based upon silicon and having any of the following characteristics—

• except field-effect transistors having any of the following characteristics—

  1. (a)

     a maximum power dissipation of no more than 6 W and an operating frequency not exceeding 1.0 GHz;

  2. (b)

     a maximum power dissipation of no more than 1 W and an operating frequency not exceeding 2.0 GHz;

  3. (c)

     designed for audio frequency applications

In this entry—

• “maximum collector dissipation” is the continuous dissipation measured under the optimum cooling conditions specified by the manufacture;

• “operating frequency” is the frequency used in measuring any of the following:

  1. (a)

     output power;

  2. (b)

     power gain (G_pE, G_pB, G_pC, G_pS, or G_pD);

  3. (c)

     gain bandwidth product (f_T); or

  4. (d)

     noise figure

Thyristors, the following: and dice and wafers therefor—

In this entry—

• “figure of merit” is the product of the repetitive peak off-state voltage (vdrm) in kilovolts and the repetitive peak on-state current (1 trm) in amperes as shown on the thyristor data sheets;

• the “turn-off time” for gate-turn-off thyristors is the sum of the gate controlled time TDQ and the gate controlled fall time Tfq to reach 10 per cent of the initial on-state current.

Photosensitive components, including linear and focal-plane arrays, the following: and dice and wafers therefor—

• or

• except vacuum photodiodes specially designed for use in spectrophotometry having a peak response at a wavelength shorter than 300 nanometres.

• except semiconductor photodiodes which are not space qualified with a response time constant of 0.5 ns or more and with a peak sensitivity at a wavelength neither longer than 920 nm nor shorter than 300 nm

There shall be excluded from this entry—

1. (a)

   germanium photo devices with a peak sensitivity at a wavelength shorter than 1,750 nanometres;

2. (b)

   infrared single-element encapsulated photoconductive cells or pyroelectric detectors intended for civil applications and using any of the following—

   1. (1)

      evaporated lead sulphide;

   2. (2)

      trigylcine sulphate with a surface area of 20 mm2 or less;

   3. (3)

      lead-lanthanum-zirconium titanate ceramic;

3. (c)

   single-element encapsulated mercury-cadmium-telluride (HgCdTe) uncooled (295 K ambient temperature operation) photo-electro-magnetic (pem) or photoconductive (pc) mode photodetectors with a peak sensitivity at a wavelength shorter than 11,000 nanometres.

In this entry—

• The “time constant” is the time taken from the application of a light stimulus for the current increment to reach a value of 1-1/e times the final value (ie 63 per cent of the final value);

• “space qualified” means products which are stated by the manufacturer as designed and tested to meet the special electrical, mechanical or environmental requirements for use in rockets, satellites or high-altitudes flight systems operating at altitudes of 100 km or more.

Photomultiplier tubes, the following—

• except photomultiplier tubes specially designed for use in spectrophotometry having a peak sensitivity at a wavelength shorter than 300 nanometres.

Flash discharge type X-ray systems, including tubes, having all of the following characteristics—

Electron tubes, the following: and specially designed components therefor—

• or

• or

There shall be excluded from this entry—

• commercial standard television/video camera tubes not incorporating fibre-optic plates specified in head (a) of the entry IL1556;

• commercial standard X-ray amplifier tubes.

Optical elements and elements for optical tubes, the following—

• or

Electronic vacuum tubes (valves) and cathodes, the following: and other components specially designed for those tubes—

• or

• or

• except—

  1. (i)

     fixed frequency and tunable pulsed magnetrons and crossfield amplifier tubes which are in normal civil use, the following—

  2. (1)

      magnetrons designed to operate at frequencies below 3 GHz with a maximum rated peak output power of 5 MW or less, or between 3 to 12 GHz with the product of the maximum rated peak output power, expressed in kilowatts, and the frequency, expressed in Giga-hertz, less than 4,200 and a frequency tuning time of more than 100 milliseconds;

  3. (2)

      crossed-field amplifier tubes designed to operate at frequencies below 4 GHz with a maximum rated average output power of 1.2 kW or less, a bandwidth of 200 MHz or less and a gain of less than 15 dB;

  4. (ii)

     fixed frequency continuous wave magnetrons designed for medial use or for industrial heating or cooking purposes operating at a frequency of 2.375 GHz ±0.05 GHz or 2.45 GHz ±0.05 GHz with a maximum rated output power not exceeding 6 kW or, at a frequency lower than 1 GHz, with a maximum rated output power not exceeding 35 kW;

  5. (iii)

     magnetrons, specially designed for particle accelerators for medical radiation therapy, having all of the following characteristics—

  6. (1)

      capable of operation only at a frequency of 3,000 MHz ±15 MHz or at a frequency of 2,856 MHz ±15 MHz;

  7. (2)

      not capable of being tuned mechanically or electronically outside the above bands;

  8. (3)

      mechanically tuned within the above bands;

  9. (4)

      having a peak output power not exceeding 10 MW and an average output power not exceeding 15 kW.

• The exception in paragraph (iii) above does not apply to technological documents the information in which relates to goods excluded in paragraph (iii).

• except—

  1. (i)

     continuous wave tubes having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        designed for use in civil ground communication;

     2. (2)

        an instantaneous bandwidth of half an octave or less, ie the highest operating frequency is not higher than 1.5 times the lower operating frequency;

     3. (3)

        the product of the rated output power (expressed in W) and the maximum operating frequency (expressed in GHz) of no more than 300;

     4. (4)

        an operating frequency no higher than 20 GHz;

     5. (5)

        no multiple grid electron guns; and

     6. (6)

        collectors with no more than two depressed stages;

  2. (ii)

     pulsed tubes, having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        for civil applications

     2. (2)

        an instantaneous bandwidth of half an octave or less ie the highest operating frequency is not higher than 1.5 times the lowest operating frequency;

     3. (3)

        collectors with no more than two depressed stages; and

     4. (4)

        either of the following:

     5. (a)

         a peak saturated output power not exceeding 1 kW, an average output power not exceeding 40 W and the operating frequency not exceeding 10 GHz;

     •  or

     1. (b)

         a peak saturated output not exceeding 100 W, an average output power not exceeding 20 W and the operating frequency between 10 and 20 GHz;

  3. (iii)

     pulsed tubes, having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        for civil applications;

     2. (2)

        designed for fixed frequency operation;

     3. (3)

        operating frequencies below 3.5 GHz;

     4. (4)

        a peak output power of 1.6 MW or less; and

     5. (5)

        an operating bandwidth of less than 1 per cent;

  4. (iv)

     tubes, having all of the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        used as fixed-frequency or voltage-tunable oscillator tubes;

     2. (2)

        designed to operate at frequencies below 20 GHz; and

     3. (3)

        a maximum output power of less than 3 W;

  5. (v)

     klystrons specially designed for particle accelerators for medical radiation therapy, having all the following characteristics—

     1. (1)

        capable of operation only at a frequency of 3,000 MHz ±15 MHz or at a frequency of 2,856 MHz ±15 MHz;

     2. (2)

        not capable of being tuned mechanically or electronically outside the above bands;

     3. (3)

        mechanically tuned within the above bands;

     4. (4)

        having a peak output power not exceeding 10 MW and an average output power not exceeding 15 kW.

The exception in paragraph (v) above does not apply to technological documents the information in which relates to goods excluded in paragraph (v).

• or

In this entry—

• “frequency tuning time” is the time required to change the operating frequency from a starting frequency, through the maximum frequency, through the minimum frequency, and return to the starting frequency, ie one complete tuning cycle. (“Frequency tuning time”:

  $$\mathrm{T}=\genfrac{}{}{0.1ex}{}{1}{\mathrm{2fD}}\text{fD: dither rate})\mathrm{.}$$

Hydrogen/hydrogen isotope thyratons of ceramic-metal construction and having any of the following characteristics: and accessories therefor—

Note. For thyratrons rated for both single-shot (crowbar) and modulator service, the figure for modulator service should be used.

Capacitors designed for or capable of maintaining their rated electrical and mechanical characteristics during their specified operating lifetime, and technology therefor, the following—

Materials specially designed and manufactured for use as absorbers of electromagnetic waves having frequencies greater than 2 × 10⁸ Hz and less than 3 × 10¹² Hz

except, save when contained in paint,

1. (i)

   hair type absorbers, whether constructed of natural or synthetic fibres, with non-magnetic loading to provide absorption;

2. (ii)

   absorbers whose incident surface is non-planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces, and which have no magnetic loss; and

3. (iii)

   absorbers having all of the following characteristics—

   1. (1)

      they are made of:

      1. (a)

         plastic foam materials (flexible or non-flexible) with carbon-loading to provide absorption; or

      2. (b)

         organic binders with magnetic material loading which do not provide broad-band absorption performance with low reflectivity;

   2. (2)

      the incident surface is planar;

   3. (3)

      their tensile strength is less than 7 × 10⁶ N/m²; and

   4. (4)

      their compressive strength is less than 14 × 106 N/m²; and

   5. (5)

      they cannot withstand more than 450 K (177°C).

In this entry—

• “Broad-band absorption performance with low reflectivity” means less than 5 per cent echo compared with metal over a bandwidth greater than ±15 per cent of the centre frequency of the incident energy.

Assemblies of electronic components, modules, printed circuit boards with mounted components, substrates and integrated circuits, including packages therefor, the following—

NOTE:

• except—

  1. (1)

     printed circuit boards manufactured from any of the following materials—

     1. (a)

        paper base phenolics;

     2. (b)

        glass cloth melamine;

     3. (c)

        glass epoxy resin uncoated or coated with copper foil of a thickness of 18 micrometres or more;

     4. (d)

        polyethylene terephtahalate; or

     5. (e)

        any other insulating material having all of the following characteristics:

     6. (i)

         a maximum continuous rated operating temperature not exceeding 423 K (150°C);

     7. (ii)

         a dissipation factor equal to or more than 0.009 at 1 MHz;

     8. (iii)

         a relative dielectric constant equal to or less than 8 at 1 MHz; and

     9. (iv)

         a coefficient of expansion equal to or more than ±10⁻⁵/K over a temperature range of 273 K to 393 K (0°C to 120°C);

  2. (2)

     ceramic substrates having no more than two layers of interconnections, including the ground plane; or

  3. (3)

     copper foil having a thickness of 18 micrometre or more;

• except those having all of the following characteristics—

  1. (1)

     single-in-line, dual-in-line or flat-pack configuration;

  2. (2)

     pin, pad or lead spacings of 2.50 mm or more; and

  3. (3)

     40 leads or less;

• except—

  1. (a)

     where the only components specified in this Schedule which they contain are capacitors;

  2. (b)

     power supply assemblies;

  3. (c)

     non-coherent light-emitting alphanumeric displays, which if incorporated monolithic integrated circuits have both the following characteristics:—

  4. (i)

      used for decoding, controlling or driving the display; and

  5. (ii)

      not integral with the actual display device; or

  6. (f)

     simple encapsulated photo-coupler (transopter) assemblies, having both of the following characteristics—

  7. (i)

      electrical input and output; and

  8. (ii)

      any incorporated light-emitting diode can only emit non-coherent light;

  9. (i)

     assemblies, modules or printed circuit boards with mounted components, having both of the following characteristics—

  10. (i)

       designed for equipment not specified elsewhere in this Schedule; and

  11. (ii)

       substantially restricted to the particular application for which they have been designed by nature of:

  12. (1)

        design;

  13. (2)

        performance;

  14. (3)

        lack of user-accessible microprogrammability;

  15. (4)

        lack of user-accessible programmability;

  16. (5)

        software;

  17. (6)

        microprogramme control; or

  18. (7)

        specialized logic control.

NOTES:

• except—

In this entry—

• “assembly” means a number of electronic components (eg circuit elements, discrete components, integrated circuits, etc) connected together to perform a specific function, replaceable as an entity and normally capable of being disassembled;

• “basic gate power dissipation” means the power dissipation value corresponding to the basic gate utilized within a family of monolithic integrated circuits. This may be specified, for a given family, either as the power dissipation per typical gate or as the typical power dissipation per gate;

• “basic gate propagation delay time” means the propagation delay time value corresponding to the basic gate utilized within a family of monolithic integrated circuits. This may be specified, for a given family, either as the propagation delay time per typical gate or as the typical propagation delay time per gate;

• “circuit element” means a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc;

• “discrete component” means a separately packaged circuit element with its own external connections;

• “film type integrated circuit” means an array of circuit elements and metallic interconnections formed by deposition of a thick or thin film on an insulating substrate;

• “hybrid integrated circuit” means any combination of integrated circuits, circuit elements or discrete components connected together to perform a specific function;

• “manufacturer” means the individual or organization designing an integrated circuit or a programmed for an intended application, in contrast to an individual or organization merely programming an integrated circuit at, or in accordance with, a user’s request;

• “microcomputer microcircuit” means a monolithic integrated circuit or multichip integrated circuit containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing general purpose instructions from an internal storage; on data contained in the internal storage; (the internal storage may be augmented by an external storage.)

• “microprocessor microcircuit” means a monolithic integrated circuit or multichip integrated circuit containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing a series of general purpose instructions from an external storage; (the microprocessor microcircuit normally does not contain integral user-accessible storage, although storage present on-the-chip may be used in performing its logic function.)

• “module” means a number of electronic components (eg circuit elements, discrete components, integrated circuits etc) connected together to perform a specific function, replaceable as an entity and not normally capable of being disassembled;

• “monolithic integrated circuit” means a combination of passive or active circuit elements or both which:

  1. (a)

     is formed by means of diffusion processes, implantation processes or deposition processes in or on a single semiconducting piece of material, a so-called “chip”;

  2. (b)

     can be considered as indivisibly associated; and

  3. (c)

     perform the function of a circuit;

• “multichip integrated circuit” means two or more monolithic integrated circuits bonded to a common substrate;

• “optical integrated circuit” means a monolithic integrated circuit or a hybrid integrated circuit, containing one or more parts designed to function as a photosensor or photoemitter or to perform an optical or electro-optical function;

• “speed” means the time to fetch an operand C and another operand D, both from an external storage outside any work register, add these operands and put the result back in storage. The addressing mode which yields the shortest execution time shall be used. The result of the add operation shall be stored in either the same location as one of the addends or in some other location. This choice shall be made to give the shortest execution time at the highest specified clock frequency;

• “speed-power dissipation product” means the product of the speed and the typical power dissipation which shall be taken at the clock frequency used in the speed computation. The typical power dissipation must be the lowest of the following:

  1. (a)

     the specified typical internal power dissipation;

  2. (b)

     one half the maximum internal power dissipation;

  3. (c)

     the product of the nominal supply voltage and typical total supply current; or

  4. (d)

     one half of the product of the nominal supply voltage and maximum total supply current;

• “substrate” means a sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which discrete components, integrated circuits or both can be located;

• “user-accessible microprogrammability” means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace microprogrammes;

• “user-accessible programmability” means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace programmes by means other than:

  1. (a)

     a physical change in wiring or interconnections; or

  2. (b)

     the setting of function controls including entry of parameters.