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Chapter GROUP 3A Metal Working Machinery and Associated Equipment

Changes not yet applied. Later legislation changes this provision in ways not yet written into the text below:

IL1001Technology for metal-working manufacturing processes and specially designed software, the following—
(a)

Technology for the design of tools, dies and fixtures specially designed for the following processes—

D
(1)

hot die forging;

(2)

superplastic forming;

(3)

diffusion bonding;

(4)

metal powder compaction using—

(i)

vacuum hot pressing;

(ii)

high pressure extrusion; or

(iii)

isostatic pressing.

(5)

direct-acting hydraulic pressing.

(b)

Technology consisting of the physical process parameters listed below in relation to each subhead, using to control—

D
(1)

hot die forging—

(i)

temperature;

(ii)

strain rate;

(2)

superplastic forming of aluminium alloys, titanium alloys and superalloys—

(i)

surface preparation;

(ii)

strain rate;

(iii)

temperature;

(iv)

pressure;

(3)

diffusion bonding of superalloys and titanium alloys—

(i)

surface preparation;

(ii)

temperature;

(iii)

pressure;

(4)

metal powder compaction using—

(i)

vacuum hot processing:

 (a

 temperature;

 (b

 pressure;

 (c

 cycle time;

(ii)

high pressure extrusion:

 (a

 temperature;

 (b

 pressure;

 (c

 cycle time;

(iii)

isostatic pressing:

 (a

 temperature;

 (b

 pressure;

 (c

 cycle time;

(5)

direct-acting hydraulic pressing of aluminium alloys, and titanium alloys—

(i)

pressure;

(ii)

cycle time;

(6)

hot isostatic densification of titanium alloys, alumium alloys and superalloys—

(i)

temperature;

(ii)

pressure;

(iii)

cycle time.

  •  In this entry—

  (a

  “hot die forcing” means a deformation process where die temperatures are at the same nominal temperature as the workpiece and exceed 850 K (577°C);

  (b

  “superplastic forming” means a deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20%) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength-testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values;

  (c

  “diffusion bonding” means a solid-state molecular joining of at least two separate metals into a single piece with a joint strength equivalent to that of the weakest material;

  (d

  “metal powder compaction” means a process capable of yielding parts having a density of 98% or more of the theoretical maximunm density;

  (e

  “direct-acting hydraulic pressing” means a deformation process which uses a fluit-filled flexible bladder in direct contact with the workpiece;

  (f

  “hot isostatic densification” means a process of presurizing a casting at temperatures exceeding 375 K (102°C) in a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc) to create equal force in all directions to reduce or eliminate internal voids in the casting;

  (g

  “vacuum hot pressing” means a process which uses a press with heated dies to consolidate metal powder under reduced atmospheric pressure into a part;

  (h

  “high pressure extrusion” means a process yielding a single-pass reduction ratio of 4 to 1 or greater in a cross-sectional area of the resulting part;

  (i

  “isostatic pressing” means a process which uses a pressurizing medium (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc) in a closed cavity to create equal force in all direction upon a metal powder-filled container for consolidating the powder into a part.

IL1075Spin-forming and flow-forming machines specially designed or adapted for use with numerical or computer controls and specially designed components and software thereforC
IL1080

Specially designed equipment, tooling and fixtures and technology for the manufacture or measuring of gas turbine blades or vanes, the following and specially designed components and accessories therefor and specially designed ODMA software for the equipment, components and accessories—

  • Specially designed equipment, tooling, fixtures, component and accessories, the following—

(a)

Blade or vane aerofoil or root automatic measuring equipment

C
(b)

Precision vacuum investment casting equipment, including core-making equipment

C
(c)

Small-hole drilling equipment for producing holes having depth more than four times their diameter and less than 0.76 mm (0.03 inch) in diameter

C
(d)

Directional solidification casting equipment and directional recrystallization equipment

C
(e)

Segmented cast blade or vane bonding equipment

C
(f)

Integral blade-and-disc casting equipment

C
(g)

Blade or vane coating equipment, except furnaces, molten-metal baths and ion plating baths

C
(h)

Ceramic blade or vane moulding and finishing machines

C
(i)

Moulds, cores and tooling for the manufacture and finishing of—

(1)

cast hollow turbine blades or vanes

C
(2)

turbine blades or vanes produced by powder compaction

C
(j)

Composite metal turbine blade or vane moulding and finishing machines

C
(k)

Inertial blade or vane welding machines

C
(l)

Machinery and equipment for the manufacture of blades or vanes in the compressor section of aircraft or aircraft-derived gas turbine engines where the technology is the same as for the manufacture of blades or vanes in the turbine section

C
(2)

Technology (except installation, operation and maintenance technology) for use of the following equipment

(a)

Blade or vane belt grinding machines

D
(b)

Blade or vane edge radiusing machines

D
(c)

Blade or vane aerofoil milling or grinding machines

D
(d)

Blade or vane blank performing machines

D
(e)

Blade or vane rolling machines

D
(f)

Blade or vane aerofoil shaping machines except metal removing types

D
(g)

Blade or vane root grinding machines

D
(h)

Blade or vane aerofoil scribing equipment

D
(i)

Machinery and equipment for the manufacture of blades or vanes in the compressor section of aircraft or aircraft-derived gas turbine engines where the technology is the same as for the manufacture of blades or vanes in the turbine section

D

In this entry—

  • “manufacture” or “making” includes refurbishing.

IL1081

Specially designed or modified equipment, tools, dies, moulds and fixtures for the manufacture or inspection of aircraft, airframe structures or aircraft fasteners, the following and specially designed components and accessories therefor and specially designed ODMA software for the equipment, components and accessories—

  1. (a)

    Equipment, tools, dies, moulds or fixtures for:

    1. (1)

      hydraulic stretch forming—

(i)

whose machine motions or forces are digitally controlled or controlled by electrical analogue devices or

C
(ii)

which are capable of thermal-conditioning the workpiece

C
(2)

the milling of aircraft skins or spars except those which do not present an improvement on machinery in production ten years preceding the year of export

C
(b)

Tools, dies, moulds in fixtures for—

(1)

diffusion bonding

C
(2)

superplastic forming

C
(3)

hot-die forging

C
(4)

metal powder compaction by vacuum hot pressing, high-pressure extrusion or isostatic pressing

C
(5)

direct-acting hydraulic pressing of aluminium alloys and titanium alloys

C
(6)

the manufacture, inspection, inserting or securing of specially designed high-strength aircraft fasteners

C
The definitions in entry IL1001 of the processes and control of the metal working manufacturing technologies mentioned above, apply also for the purposes of this entry.
IL1086

Specially designed or modified equipment, tools, dies, moulds, fixtures and gauges for the manufacture or inspection of aircraft and aircraft derived gas turbine engines, the following: and especially designed components and accessories and specially designed ODMA software for the equipment, components and accessories—

  1. (a)

    Equipment, tools, dies, moulds or fixtures and gauges—

(1)

for automated production inspection

C
(2)

for automated welding

C
(b)

Tools, dies, fixtures and gauges—

(1)

for solid-state joining by inertial welding or thermal bonding

C
(2)

for manufacture and inspection of high-performance gas turbine bearings

C
(3)

for rolling specially configured rings such as nacelle rings

C
(4)

for forming and finishing turbine discs

C
(c)

Compressor or turbine disc broaching machines

C
this head includes only broaching machines specially designed for the manufacture of aircraft or aircraft derived gas turbine engines and not general purpose broaching machines specially adapted for that purpose.
IL1088

Gear making or finishing machinery, the following—

(a)

Bevel gear making machinery, the following—

(1)

gear grinding machinery (non-generating type)

C
(2)

other machinery capable of the production of bevel gears of module finer than 0.5 mm (diametrical pitch finer than 48) and meeting a quality standard better than DIN 58405 Class 6

C
(b)

Machinery capable of producing gears in excess of AGMA quality level 13 or equivalent

C
For the purposes of this entry DIN 3963 Class 4 shall be considered equivalent to AGMA quality level 13.
IL1091Numerical control units, numerically controlled machine-tools, dimensional inspection machines, direct numerical control systems, specially designed sub-assemblies, and specially designed software, the following—
(a)

Units for numerically controlling simultaneously co-ordinated (contouring and continuous path) movements of machine-tools and dimensional inspection machines in two or more axes

C

  • except those having all of the following characteristics—

    1. (i)

      no more than three contouring interpolating (any mathematical function including linear and circular) axes can be simultaneously co-ordinated

    • Notwithstanding paragraph (i) Units may have—

      1. (1)

        one or more additional axes for which rate of movement is not coordinated, varied or modulated with that of another axis,

      2. (2)

        one additional set of up to three contouring axes provided a separate feed rate number, standard or optional, does not control more than any three contouring axes; or

      3. (3)

        up to three contouring axes switchable out of any number of axes.

    1. (ii)

      minimum programmable increment equal to or greater than 0.001 mm;

    2. (iii)

      interfaces limited as follows—

      1. (1)

        no integral interface designed to meet ANSI/IEEE standard 488-1978, IEC publication 625-I; or any equivalent standard; and

      2. (2)

        no more than two interfaces meeting EIA standard RS-232-C or any equivalent standard;

    3. (iv)

      on-line (real-time) modification of the tool path, feed rate and spindle data limited to the following—

      1. (1)

        cutter diameter compensation normal to the centreline path;

      2. (2)

        automatic acceleration and deceleration for starting, cornering and stopping;

      3. (3)

        axis transducer compensation including lead screw pitch compensation (measurements on one axis may not compensate another axis);

      4. (4)

        constant surface speed with or without limits;

      5. (5)

        spindle growth compensation;

      6. (6)

        manual feed rate and spindle speed override;

      7. (7)

        fixed and repetitive cycles (does not include automatic cut vector generation);

      8. (8)

        tool and fixture offset;

      9. (9)

        part programme tape editing, excluding source programme language and centre-line location data (CLDATA);

      10. (10)

        tool length compensation;

      11. (11)

        part programme storage;

      12. (12)

        variable pitch threading;

      13. (13)

        inch/metric conversion;

      14. (14)

        feed rate override based on spark voltage for electrical discharge machines;

    4. (iv)

      word size equal to or less than 16 bits (excluding parity bits);

    5. (vi)

      software or microprogrammes, including software or microprogrammes of any programmable unit or device furnished shall not exceed control unit funtions as provided in (i) to (v) above, and is restricted as follows—

      1. (1)

        only the following application programmes can be furnished which shall be executable without further compilation, assembly, interpretation, or processing, other than control unit parameter initialization, and memory storage loading, and each shall be supplied as an entity rather than in modular form:

      2. (a)

         an operating programme to allow the unit to perform its normal functions;

      3. (b)

         one or more diagnostic programmes to verify control or machine performance and permit localization of hardware malfunctions;

      4. (c)

         a translator programme with which the end-user can programme the control-to-machine interface;

      5. (5)

        programme documentation for application programmes shall not contain any of the following:

      6. (a)

         listing of programme instructions (except that necessary for diagnostics for routine hardward maintenance);

      7. (b)

         description of programme organization or function beyond that required for programme use and for maintenance of hardware with which these programmes operate;

      8. (c)

         flow charts, logic diagrams or the algorithms employed (except those necessary for use of diagnostics for routine hardware maintenance);

      9. (d)

         any reference to specific memory storage locations (except those necessary for use of diagnostics for routine hardware maintenance);

      10. (e)

         any other information about the design or function of the software which would assist in the analysis or modification of all or part of it.

Note: For digital computers either incorporated in or associated with but not embedded in, controllers see, entry IL 1565 in Group 3G.

(aa)

Technology for the design and production except assembly and testing) of two-axis numerical control units with an embedded computer

D
(b)

Machine-tools and dimensional-inspection machines which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specifications, can bre equipped with numerical control units specified in by head (a) above

C

  • except—

    1. (i)

      boring mills, milling machines, and machining centres having all of the following characteristics—

      1. (1)

      2. (a)

         not more than three axes capable of simultaneously co-ordinated contouring motion, ie the total number of linear plus rotary contouring axes cannot exceed three. (A secondary parallel contouring axis, is not counted in the total of three contouring axes. A secondary rotary table, the centreline of which is parallel to the primary rotary table, is also not counted in the total of three contouring axes. Machines may have non-contouring parallel or non-contouring, non-parallel rotary axes in addition to the three axes capable of simultaneously co-ordinated contouring motion. Machines having the capability of being simultaneously co-ordinated in more than three exes are not within this exception even if the numerical control unit attached to the machine limits it to three simultaneously co-ordinated contouring axes. A machine wth a control unit switchable between any three out of four contouring axes is not within this exception;) or

      3. (b)

         not more than three linear axes plus one rotary axis, but no tilting axis, capable of simultaneously co-ordinated contouring motion, ie the total number of linear plus rotary contouring axes cannot exceed four. (A secondary parallel contouring exis, is not counted as an additional contouring axis. A secondary rotary table, the centreline of which is parallel to the prinary rotary table, is also not counted as an additiopnal contouring axis. Machines may have non-contouring parallel or non-contouring non-parallel rotary axes in addition to the four axes capable of simultaneously co-ordinated contouring motion. Machines having the capability of being simultaneously co-ordinated in more than four axes are not within this exception even if the numerical control unit attached to the machine linmits it to three simultaenously co-ordinated contouring axes. A machine with a control unit switchable between any three out of five contouring axes is not within this exception);

      4. (4)

        maximum slide travel in any axis equal to or less than 3,000 mm;

      5. (5)

        spindle drive motor power equal to or less than 35kW;

      6. (6)

        single working spindle (the machine may have multiple tool heads or turrets as standard or optional, but only one working spindle may be operative at a time). a spindle capable of driving a multiple drill head is considered as a single spindle;

      7. (7)

        axial and radial motion measured at the spindle axis in one revolution of the spindle equal to or greater than D × 2 × 10−5 mm TIR (peak-to-peak) where D is the spindle diameter in mm;

      8. (8)

        an incremental positioning accuracy equal to or greater (coarser) than ±0.002 mm in any 200 mm of travel;

      9. (9)

        overall positioning accuracy in any axis equal to or greater (coarser) than:

      10. (a)

         ±0.01 mm for machines with total length of axis travel equal to or less than 300 mm;

      11. (b)

         ±(0.01 + (0.0025/300) × (L − 300)) mm for machines with a total length of axis travel L, greater than 300 mm and equal to or less than 3,300 mm;

      12. (c)

         ±0.035 mm for machines with a total length of axis travel greater than 3,300 mm.

    2. (ii)

      jig-grinders having both of the following characteristics—

      1. (1)

        overall positioning accuracy in any axis equal to or greater (coarser) than:

      2. (a)

         ±0.005 mm for machines with total length of axis travel equal to or less than 300 mm;

      3. (b)

         ±(0.003 + (0.002/300) (L − 300)) mm for machines with total lenth of axis travel L, greater than 300 mm;

      4. (4)

        not more than two axes capable of simultaneously co-ordinated contouring motion;

    3. (iii)

      machine-tools (other than those meeting the requirements of exceptions (i) and (ii) above to this head) and dimensional inspection machines meeting the requirements of exception (iv) below to this head having both of the following characteristics—

      1. (1)

        radial-axis motion measured at the spindle axis equal to or greater than 0.0008 mm TIR (peak-to-peak) in one revolution of the spindle (for lathes, turning machnes, contour grinding machines, etc);

      2. (2)

        meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1)(a), (6) and (7) of exception (i) to this head above;

    4. (iv)

      dimensional inspection machines, having all of the following characteristics—

      1. (1)

        a linear positioning accuracy equal to or worse than:

      2. (a)

         ±(3 + L/300) micrometre for L shorter than or equal to 3,300 mm;

      3. (b)

         ±14 micrometre for L longer than 3,300 mm;

      4. (4)

        a rotary accuracy of equal to or worse than 5 seconds in every 90 degrees; and

      5. (5)

        meeting the requirements of paragraph (1) of exception (i) to this head above;

    5. (v)

      floor-type horizontal boring mills having all the following characteristics—

      1. (a)

        maximum transverse (X-axis) travel equal to or less than 15,000 mm;

      2. (b)

        maximum vertical (Y-axis) travel equal to or less than 5,ppp mm;

      3. (c)

        maximum Z axis travel equal to or less than 3,000 mm;

      4. (d)

        spindle-drive motor power equal to or less than 75 kW;

      5. (e)

        meeting the requirements of paragraphs (1) and (4) to (7) of exception (i) to this head.

  • (For high precision turning machinery, see entry IL1370 in Group 3D of this Schedule.)

(c)

Direct numerical control systems (DNC) consisting of a dedicated stored programme computer acting as a host computer and controlling, on-line or off-line one or more numerically controlled machine-tools or inspection machines, specified in head (b) above, related software, and interface and communication equ9pment for data transfer between the host computer memory, the interpolation functions, and the numerically controlled machine-tools

C
(d)

Specially designed sub-assemblies and software which can upgrade the capabilities of numerical control units and machine-tools specified by head (a), (b) or (c) above, including specially designed printed circuit board sub-assemblies

C

In this entry—

  • “Numerical control” means the automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data usually introduced as the operation is in progress.

  • “Contouring control” means two or more numerically controlled mations operating in accordance with instructions that specify the next required position and the required feed rates to that position. These feed rates are varied in relation to each other so that a desired contour is generated.

  • Any term defined in IL1566 shall have the same meaning when used in this entry as it has in that entry.

  • A “direct numerical control system” (DNC) means a system connecting a set of numerically controlled machines to a common memory for part programme or machine programme storage with provision for on-demand distribution of data to the machnes.

  • Axis nomenclature shall be in accordance with international standard ISO 841, “Numerical Control Machines—Axis and Motion Nomenclature”.

  • “Positioning accuracy” is that accuracy which would be obtained in a temperature-controlled environment of 20°C ± 2°C with any mechanical compensation techniques exported with the machine or any electronic compensation meeting the requirements in exception (iv) to head (a) above. “Positioning accuracy” of machines exported without numerical control units is that attained with a control unit used during checkout of the machine and with feedback systems identical to those that will be used with the machine, or by accuracy and feed back system and control unit which will be connected to the machine.

  • The value of the positioning accuracy does not include the width of backlash. The value is determined by the usual statistical methods (random tests); ie by approaching from only one direction a minimum of 5 measuremen points up to a maximum of 25 measurement points as random tests along one axis. National standards may be used for this measuring method; eg the German standard VDI “Statistical testing of the operational and positioning accuracy of machine-tools VDI-DGQ3442, March, 1977”.

  • A tilting axis defined as an axis which alters the angular position of the rotary table centreline with respect to the spindle centreline during the machining process.

PL7005Machines, internal grinding, (except hand-held drills) of the kind incorporating, or specially designed for the utilisation of, grinding heads designed or rated for operation at speeds in excess of 120,000 revolutions per minuteW
IL1093Components and specially-designed parts for machine tools and dimensional inspection machines in entry IL1091, the following—
(a)

Spindle assemblies, consisting of spindles and bearings as a minimal assembly

C

  • except those assemblies with axial and radial axis motion measured along the spindle axis is one revolution of the spindle equal to or greater (coarser) than the following—

    1. (i)

      0.0008 mm TIR (peak-to-peak) for lathes and turning machines; or

    2. (ii)

      D × 10−5 mm TIR (peak-to-peak) where D is the spindle diameter in millimetres, for milling machines, boring mills, jig grinders, and machining centres

(b)

Lead screws, including ball nut screws

C

  • except those having all of the following characteristics—

    1. (i)

      accuracy equal to or greater (coarser) than 0.004/300 mm

    2. (ii)

      overall accuracy equal to or greater (coarser) than (0.0025 + 5 × 10−6 × L) mm, where L is the effective length in millimetres of the screw;

    3. (iii)

      concentricity of the centre line of the journal bearing surface and the centre line of the major diameter of the screw equal to or greater (coarser) than 0.005 mm TIR (peak-to-peak) at a distance of three times the diameter of the screw or less from the journal bearing surface.

(c)

Linear and rotary position feedback units including inductive type devices, graduated scales, and laser systems

C

  • except—

    1. (i)

      linear types having an accuracy equal to or greater (coarser) than (0.0004 + 13 × 10−6 × L) mm, for L equal to or less than 100 mm and (0.0015 + 2 × 10−6 × L) mm, for L greater than 100 mm, where L is the effective length in millimetres of the linear measurement; and

    2. (ii)

      rotary types having an accuracy equal to or greater (coarser) than two seconds of arc.

(d)

Linear induction motors used as drives for slides, having all the following characteristics

C
(1)

stroke greater than 200 mm;

(2)

nominal force rating greater than 45 N;

(3)

minimum controlled incremental movement less than 0.001 mm.