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ELEMENTS OF CRIMESf1

Contents
Page
General introduction4
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Explanatory note: The structure of the elements of the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes follows the structure of the corresponding provisions of articles 6, 7 and 8 of the Rome Statute. Some paragraphs of those articles of the Rome Statute list multiple crimes. In those instances, the elements of crimes appear in separate paragraphs which correspond to each of those crimes to facilitate the identification of the respective elements.

Article 6: Genocide
Introduction4
6(a)Genocide by killing4
6(b)Genocide by causing serious bodily or mental harm5
6(c)Genocide by deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about physical destruction5
6(d)Genocide by imposing measures intended to prevent births5
6(e)Genocide by forcibly transferring children6
Article 7: Crimes against humanity
Introduction6
7(1)(a)Crimes against humanity of murder6
7(1)(b)Crime against humanity of extermination7
7(1)(c)Crime against humanity of enslavement7
7(1)(d)Crime against humanity of deportation or forcible transfer of population7
7(1)(e)Crime against humanity of imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty8
7(1)(f)Crime against humanity of torture8
7(1)(g)-1Crime against humanity of rape8
7(1)(g)-2Crime against humanity of sexual slavery8
7(1)(g)-3Crime against humanity of enforced prostitution9
7(1)(g)-4Crime against humanity of forced pregnancy9
7(1)(g)-5Crime against humanity of enforced sterilization9
7(1)(g)-6Crime against humanity of sexual violence10
7(1)(h)Crime against humanity of persecution10
7(1)(i)Crime against humanity of enforced disappearance of persons10
7(1)(j)Crime against humanity of apartheid11
7(1)(k)Crime against humanity of other inhumane acts11
Article 8: War Crimes
Introduction12
Article 8(2)(a)
8(2)(a)(i)War Crime of wilful killing12
8(2)(a)(ii)-1War crime of torture13
8(2)(a)(ii)-2War crime of inhuman treatment13
8(2)(a)(ii)-3War crime of biological experiments13
8(2)(a)(iii)War crime of wilfully causing great suffering14
8(2)(a)(iv)War crime of destruction and appropriation of property14
8(2)(a)(v)War crime of compelling service in hostile forces14
8(2)(a)(vi)War crime of denying a fair trial14
8(2)(a)(vii)-1War crime of unlawful deportation and transfer15
8(2)(a)(vii)-2War crime of unlawful confinement15
8(2)(a)(viii)War crime of taking hostages15
Article 8(2)(b)
8(2)(b)(i)War crime of attacking civilians16
8(2)(b)(ii)War crime of attacking civilian objects16
8(2)(b)(iii)War crime of attacking personnel or objects involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission16
8(2)(b)(iv)War crime of excessive incidental death, injury, or damage16
8(2)(b)(v)War crime of attacking undefended places17
8(2)(b)(vi)War crime of killing or wounding a person hors de combat17
8(2)(b)(vii)-1War crime of improper use of a flag of truce18
8(2)(b)(vii)-2War crime of improper use of a flag, insignia or uniform of the hostile party18
8(2)(b)(vii)-3War crime of improper use of a flag, insignia or uniform of the United Nations18
8(2)(b)(vii)-4War crime of improper use of the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions19
8(2)(b)(viii)The transfer, directly or indirectly, by the Occupying Power of parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies, or the deportation or transfer of all or parts of the population of the occupied territory within or outside this territory19
8(2)(b)(ix)War crime of attacking protected objects19
8(2)(b)(x)-1War crime of mutilation20
8(2)(b)(x)-2War crime of medical or scientific experiments20
8(2)(b)(xi)War crime of treacherously killing or wounding20
8(2)(b)(xii)War crime of denying quarter21
8(2)(b)(xiii)War crime of destroying or seizing the enemy’s property21
8(2)(b)(xiv)War crime of depriving the nationals of the hostile power of rights or actions21
8(2)(b)(xv)War crime of compelling participation in military operations21
8(2)(b)(xvi)War crime of pillaging22
8(2)(b)(xvii)War crime of employing poison or poisoned weapons22
8(2)(b)(xviii)War crime of employing prohibited gases, liquids, materials or devices22
8(2)(b)(xix)War crime of employing prohibited bullets22
8(2)(b)(xx)War crime of employing weapons, projectiles or materials or methods of warfare listed in the Annex of the Statute23
8(2)(b)(xxi)War crime of outrages upon personal dignity23
8(2)(b)(xxii)-1War crime of rape23
8(2)(b)(xxii)-2War crime of sexual slavery23
8(2)(b)(xxii)-3War crime of enforced prostitution24
8(2)(b)(xxii)-4War crime of forced pregnancy24
8(2)(b)(xxii)-5War crime of enforced sterilization24
8(2)(b)(xxii)-6War crime of sexual violence24
8(2)(b)(xxiii)War crime of using protected persons as shields25
8(2)(b)(xxiv)War crime of attacking objects or persons using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions25
8(2)(b)(xxv)War crime of starvation as a method of warfare25
8(2)(b)(xxvi)War crime of using, conscripting or enlisting children25
Article 8(2)(c)
8(2)(c)(i)-1War crime of murder25
8(2)(c)(i)-2War crime of mutilation26
8(2)(c)(i)-3War crime of cruel treatment26
8(2)(c)(i)-4War crime of torture27
8(2)(c)(ii)War crime of outrages upon personal dignity27
8(2)(c)(iii)War crime of taking hostages27
8(2)(c)(iv)War crime of sentencing or execution without due process28
Article 8(2)(e)
8(2)(e)(i)War crime of attacking civilians28
8(2)(e)(ii)War crime of attacking objects or persons using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions28
8(2)(e)(iii)War crime of attacking personnel or objects involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission29
8(2)(e)(iv)War crime of attacking protected objects29
8(2)(e)(v)War crime of pillaging29
8(2)(e)(vi)-1War crime of rape30
8(2)(e)(vi)-2War crime of sexual slavery30
8(2)(e)(vi)-3War crime of enforced prostitution30
8(2)(e)(vi)-4War crime of forced pregnancy31
8(2)(e)(vi)-5War crime of enforced sterilization31
8(2)(e)(vi)-6War crime of sexual violence31
8(2)(e)(vii)War crime of using, conscripting and enlisting children31
8(2)(e)(viii)War crime of displacing civilians32
8(2)(e)(ix)War crime of treacherously killing or wounding32
8(2)(e)(x)War crime of denying quarter32
8(2)(e)(xi)-1War crime of mutilation33
8(2)(e)(xi)-2War crime of medical or scientific experiments33
8(2)(e)(xii)War crime of destroying or seizing the enemy’s property33
  1. 1General Introduction
  2. 2General Introduction
  3. 3General Introduction
  4. 4General Introduction
  5. 5General Introduction
  6. 6General Introduction
  7. 7General Introduction
  8. 8General Introduction
  9. 9General Introduction
  10. 10General Introduction

Annotations

Footnotes

f1

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Explanatory note: The structure of the elements of the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes follows the structure of the corresponding provisions of articles 6, 7 and 8 of the Rome Statute. Some paragraphs of those articles of the Rome Statute list multiple crimes. In those instances, the elements of crimes appear in separate paragraphs which correspond to each of those crimes to facilitate the identification of the respective elements.