{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/merchant-shipping-oil-pollution-act-1971-repealed-111996/section-2",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/merchant-shipping-oil-pollution-act-1971-repealed-111996/section-2.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1971/59",
  "legislation_title": "Merchant Shipping (Oil Pollution) Act 1971 (repealed 1.1.1996)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/merchant-shipping-oil-pollution-act-1971-repealed-111996",
  "path": "section/2",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "2",
  "heading": "Exceptions from liability under s. 1.",
  "text": "The owner of a ship from which persistent oil has been discharged or has escaped shall not incur any liability under section 1 of this Act if he proves that the discharge or escape—\n(a) resulted from an act of war, hostilities, civil war, insurrection or an exceptional, inevitable and irresistible natural phenomenon; or\n(b) was due wholly to anything done or left undone by another person, not being a servant or agent of the owner, with intent to do damage; or\n(c) was due wholly to the negligence or wrongful act of a government or other authority in exercising its function of maintaining lights or other navigational aids for the maintenance of which it was responsible.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/59/section/2",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T10:49:42.602256+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}