{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/planning-listed-buildings-and-conservation-areas-act-1990/section-18",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/planning-listed-buildings-and-conservation-areas-act-1990/section-18.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1990/9",
  "legislation_title": "Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/planning-listed-buildings-and-conservation-areas-act-1990",
  "path": "section/18",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "18",
  "heading": "Limit of duration of listed building consent.",
  "text": "(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, every listed building consent shall be granted subject to the condition that the works to which it relates must be begun not later than the expiration of—\n(a) three years beginning with the date on which the consent is granted; or\n(b) such other period (whether longer or shorter) beginning with that date as the authority granting the consent may direct, being a period which the authority considers appropriate having regard to any material considerations.\n(2) If listed building consent is granted without the condition required by subsection (1), it shall be deemed to have been granted subject to the condition that the works to which it relates must be begun not later than the expiration of three years beginning with the date of the grant.\n(2A) In subsections (2A) to (2BB)—\n“implementation period” means the period before the end of which works to which a listed building consent relates are required to be begun in pursuance of subsection (1) or (2);\n“relevant proceedings” means proceedings to challenge the validity of a grant of listed building consent or of a deemed grant of listed building consent.\n(2B) If a person is given permission by a court to bring relevant proceedings, the implementation period is extended by one year.\n(2BA) If a party to relevant proceedings is given permission to appeal to the Court of Appeal against a decision determining the challenge, the implementation period is extended by one year.\n(2BB) If a party to relevant proceedings is given permission to appeal to the Supreme Court against a decision determining the challenge, the implementation period is extended by two years.\n(2BC) Any extension of a period under subsection (2B), (2BA) or (2BB) is to run concurrently with any other extension of the period under the same subsection (so far as they overlap).\n(2BD) Any extension of a period under subsection (2BA) is to run consecutively to the previous extension of the period under subsection (2B) (if they would otherwise overlap).\n(2BE) Any extension of a period under subsection (2BB) is to run consecutively to the previous extension of the period under subsection (2B) and any previous extension of the period under subsection (2BA) (if they would otherwise overlap).\n(2BF) The references in subsections (2BA) and (2BB) to determining a challenge are to determining it after a full hearing (and accordingly do not include a refusal of permission or leave).\n(2C) Nothing in this section prevents the works being begun from the time the consent is granted.\n(3) Nothing in this section applies to any consent to the retention of works granted under section 8(3).",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 18(1)(a)(2) substituted (24.8.2005 for E., otherwise prosp.) by Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 (c. 5), ss. 51(4)(a), 121(1) (with ss. 51(6), 111); S.I. 2005/2081, art 2(c) (with art. 4)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "S. 18(2A)-(2BF) substituted for s. 18(2A) (18.2.2026) by Planning and Infrastructure Act 2025 (c. 34), ss. 56(4), 118(2)(e) (with ss. 56(5)(8), 116)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "S. 18(2A)-(2C) inserted (24.8.2005 for E., otherwise prosp.) by Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 (c. 5), ss. 51(4)(b), 121(1) (with ss. 51(6), 111); S.I. 2005/2081, art 2(c) (with art. 4)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "Ss. 17-20 modified (W.) (30.4.2012) by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Wales) Regulations 2012 (No. 793), regs. 1, 16, Sch. 3"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C2",
      "text": "Ss. 7-29 applied (Isles of Scilly) (with modifications) (2.10.2013) by The Town and Country Planning (Isles of Scilly) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/2148), arts. 1(1), 3, Sch. 1 (with art. 1(2))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C3",
      "text": "S. 18 excluded (1.1.2022) by The Listed Buildings (Heritage Partnership Agreements) (Wales) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1177), reg. 1, Sch."
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C4",
      "text": "S. 18A(1)(b)(ii): power to amend conferred (19.8.2020) by Business and Planning Act 2020 (c. 16), ss. 19(3), 25(3)(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C5",
      "text": "Ss. 17–20 modified by S.I. 1990/1519, reg. 13(1); applied (with modifications) by S.I. 1990/1519, reg. 12, Sch. 3"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/9/section/18",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:43:21.398409+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}