{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/proceeds-of-crime-act-2002/section-412",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/proceeds-of-crime-act-2002/section-412.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/2002/29",
  "legislation_title": "Proceeds of Crime Act 2002",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/proceeds-of-crime-act-2002",
  "path": "section/412",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "412",
  "heading": "Interpretation",
  "text": "In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires—\n“appropriate person” means—\n(a)the procurator fiscal, in relation to a confiscation investigation or a money laundering investigation,\n(b)the Scottish Ministers, in relation to a civil recovery investigation , a detained cash investigation, a detained property investigation , a frozen funds investigation or a cryptoasset investigation;\nreferences to a “constable” include references to an officer of Revenue and Customs and to an immigration officer;\n“legal privilege” means protection in legal proceedings from disclosure, by virtue of any rule of law relating to the confidentiality of communications; and “items subject to legal privilege” are—\n(a)communications between a professional legal adviser and his client, or\n(b)communications made in connection with or in contemplation of legal proceedings and for the purposes of those proceedings,\nwhich would be so protected.\n“premises” include any place and, in particular, include—\n(a)any vehicle, vessel, aircraft or hovercraft;\n(b)any offshore installation within the meaning of section 1 of the Mineral Workings (Offshore Installations) Act 1971 (c. 61) and any tent or movable structure;\n“proper person” means—\n(a)a constable, in relation to a confiscation investigation or a money laundering investigation;\n(b)the Scottish Ministers or a person named by them, in relation to a civil recovery investigation , a detained cash investigation, a detained property investigation , a frozen funds investigation or a cryptoasset investigation.",
  "extent": "S",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 412 substituted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W.S. for specified purposes, 16.4.2018 for E.W.S. in so far as not already in force, 28.6.2021 for N.I. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(5)(6), Sch. 5 para. 72; S.I. 2018/78, reg. 5(3)(a)(i)(ii); S.I. 2021/724, reg. 4(i)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in s. 412 substituted (26.10.2023 for specified purposes, 26.4.2024 for S. for specified purposes, 26.4.2024 for E.W.N.I. in so far as not already in force, 7.11.2024 for S. in so far as not already in force) by Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (c. 56), s. 219(1)(2)(b), Sch. 9 para. 8(30)(a); S.I. 2024/269, reg. 4(b)(i)(ii); S.I. 2024/1108, reg. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 412 substituted (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 48 para. 20"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 412 inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 38 (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(k)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "Words in s. 412 substituted (26.10.2023 for specified purposes, 26.4.2024 for S. for specified purposes, 26.4.2024 for E.W.N.I. in so far as not already in force, 7.11.2024 for S. in so far as not already in force) by Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (c. 56), s. 219(1)(2)(b), Sch. 9 para. 8(30)(b); S.I. 2024/269, reg. 4(b)(i)(ii); S.I. 2024/1108, reg. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "S. 412 in force at 24.2.2003 by S.I. 2003/120, art. 2, Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (20.2.2003) by S.I. 2003/333, art. 14)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/29/section/412",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:19:19.387180+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}