{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/representation-of-the-people-act-1983/section-168",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/representation-of-the-people-act-1983/section-168.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1983/2",
  "legislation_title": "Representation of the People Act 1983",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/representation-of-the-people-act-1983",
  "path": "section/168",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "168",
  "heading": "Prosecutions for corrupt practices.",
  "text": "(1) A person who is guilty of a corrupt practice shall be liable—\n(a) on conviction on indictment—\n(i) in the case of a corrupt practice under section 60 or 62Aor 62B or 112A above, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to a fine, or to both,\n(ii) in any other case, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to a fine, or to both;\n(b) on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, or to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or to both.\n(1A) Subsection (1) does not apply where section 16 of the National Security Act 2023 (which provides for higher sentences in cases of foreign interference) applies in relation to the corrupt practice.\n(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(7) If it appears to the court by which any person holding a licence or certificate under the Licensing Acts is convicted of the offence of bribery or treating that the offence was committed on his licensed premises—\n(a) the court shall direct the conviction to be entered in the proper register of licences, and\n(b) the entry shall be taken into consideration by the licensing authority in determining whether they will or will not grant a renewal of the licence or certificate, and may be a ground, if the authority think fit, for refusing its renewal.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "S. 17(1) substituted (29.1.2001 for certain purposes and 16.2.2001 otherwise) by 2000 c. 2, s. 8(a), Sch. 1 para. 10; S.I. 2001/116, art. 2(1)(2) (with art. 2(4))"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "S. 168(1) substituted for s. 168(1)–(4) by Representation of the People Act 1985 (c. 50, SIF 42), s. 23, Sch. 3 para. 8"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 168(1)(a)(i) inserted (11.9.2006) by Electoral Administration Act 2006 (c. 22), ss. 74(1), 77, Sch. 1 para. 121; S.I. 2006/1972, art. 3, Sch. 1 paras. 24, 25(d) (subject to transitional provisions in art. 4, Sch. 2)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 168(1)(a)(i) inserted (S.) (29.1.2007) by Local Electoral Administration and Registration Services (Scotland) Act 2006 (asp 14), ss. 35, 63, Sch. 2 para. 11; S.S.I. 2007/26, art. 2(1)(n)(p)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "Words in s. 168(1)(a)(i) inserted (12.12.2023) by Elections Act 2022 (c. 37), ss. 4(4), 67(1); S.I. 2023/1234, reg. 2(a) (with reg. 3)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F6",
      "text": "S. 168(1A) inserted (20.12.2023) by National Security Act 2023 (c. 32), s. 100(1), Sch. 1 para. 2(3) (with s. 97); S.I. 2023/1272, reg. 2(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F7",
      "text": "S. 168(5)(6) repealed by Representation of the People Act 1985 (c. 50, SIF 42), ss. 24, 28, Sch. 4 para. 57, Sch. 5"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (E.W.S.) by S.I. 1986/2209, regs. 2, 3, 5(1)(6)-(8), Sch. 1 Pt. 1S. 168 applied (N.I.) by S.I. 1986/2250, regs. 2, 3, 5, Sch. 1 Pt. IS. 168 applied (N.I.) (25.4.1998) by Northern Ireland Negotiations (Referendum) Order 1998 (S.I. 1998/1126), art. 6, Sch. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C2",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (E.) (27.7.2007) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums) (England) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/2089), regs. 8, 11, 13, {Sch. 4 Table 1}"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C3",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (N.I.) (4.5.1996) by Elections (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 (S.I. 1996/1220), art. 3(1)(b)(5)-(8), Sch. 1S. 168 applied (with modifications) (31.7.1997) by Referendums (Scotland and Wales) Act 1997 (c. 61), s. 3, Sch. 3 para. 13 Table 1S. 168 applied (with modifications) (11.3.1999) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 1999 (S.I. 1999/787), art. 85(1)-(3), Sch. 6 Pts. I, II (which S.I. was revoked (21.11.2002 except for specified purposes) by S.I. 2002/2779, arts. 1, 2 (which S.I. was revoked (15.3.2007) by S.I. 2007/937, art. 2(a)))S. 168 applied (with modifications) (2.4.2001) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums) (England) Regulations 2001 (S.I. 2001/1298), regs. 8, 10(4), Sch. 3 Table 2 (subject to regs. 9-12, 15-17, 20, 25)S. 168 applied (with modifications) (21.11.2002 except for specified purposes) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/2779), arts. 1, 81, Sch. 6 Pts. I, II (which S.I. was revoked (15.3.2007) by S.I. 2007/937, art. 2(a))S. 168 applied (W.) (24.3.2004) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums) (Wales) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/870), reg. 8, {Sch. 3 Table 2} (which S.I. was revoked (24.7.2008) by S.I. 2008/1848)S. 168 applied (with modifications) (23.7.2004) by The Regional Assembly and Local Government Referendums Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/1962), art. 6(2), Sch. 2 Pt. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C4",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (15.3.2007 except for specified purposes) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/937), arts. 1, 83, Sch. 6 Pts. I, II"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C5",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (W.) (24.7.2008) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums) (Wales) Regulations 2008 (S.I. 2008/1848), reg. 8, {Sch. 4 para. 1 Table 1}"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C6",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (1.8.2001) by The Northern Ireland Assembly (Elections) Order 2001 (S.I. 2001/2599), art. 3, Sch. 1 (as substituted (10.2.2009) by S.I. 2009/256, arts. 1(2), 3, Sch. 1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C7",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (30.12.2010 except for specified purposes) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/2999), arts. 1(1), 84(2)(3), Sch. 6 Pt. 2 (with art. 1(2)(3))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C8",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (30.12.2010 except for specified purposes) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/2999), arts. 1(1), 84(1)(3), Sch. 6 Pt. 1 (with art. 1(2)(3))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C9",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (E.) (9.2.2012) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums)(England) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/323), reg. 1, Sch. 4 para. 1"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C10",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (18.2.2012) by The Local Authorities (Conduct of Referendums) (Council Tax Increases) (England) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/444), reg. 1, Sch. 4 para. 1 (with reg. 27)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C11",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (3.8.2012) by The Neighbourhood Planning (Referendums) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2031), regs. 1, 8, 12, 13, Sch. 4 Pt. 1"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C12",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) by The Neighbourhood Planning (Referendums) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2031), reg. 17, Sch. 8 Table 1 (as inserted (E.W.) (6.4.2013) by S.I. 2013/798, regs. 1, 7, Sch. 3)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C13",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (S.) (16.12.2015) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/425), arts. 1(1), 82(2)(3), Sch. 6 Pt. 2 (with art. 1(2))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C14",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (S.) (16.12.2015) by The Scottish Parliament (Elections etc.) Order 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/425), arts. 1(1), 82(1)(3), Sch. 6 Pt. 1 (with art. 1(2))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C15",
      "text": "S. 168 modified (26.2.2016) by The European Union Referendum (Conduct) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/219), reg. 1, Sch. 1 para. 37 (with Sch. 1 para. 1(3))"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C16",
      "text": "Pt. 3 applied (with modifications) (4.3.2016) by The Recall of MPs Act 2015 (Recall Petition) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/295), reg. 1, Sch. 4 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 4 para. 2)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C17",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (4.3.2016) by Recall of MPs Act 2015 (c. 25), s. 24(3), Sch. 3 para. 25(1)(a); S.I. 2016/290, reg. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C18",
      "text": "S. 168 applied (with modifications) (25.7.2012) by The Police and Crime Commissioner Elections Order 2012 (S.I. 2012/1917), arts. 1(2), 50(6), Sch. 9 para. 1(5) (as amended (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.I.) by The Representation of the People (Postal Vote Handling and Secrecy) (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1225), reg. 8(9)(a))"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/2/section/168",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-07T03:33:48.049414+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}