{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/rules-of-the-air-regulations-1996/schedule-FIRST/paragraph-48",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/rules-of-the-air-regulations-1996/schedule-FIRST/paragraph-48.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/1996/1393",
  "legislation_title": "The Rules of the Air Regulations 1996",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/rules-of-the-air-regulations-1996",
  "path": "schedule/FIRST/paragraph/48",
  "kind": "paragraph",
  "number": "48",
  "heading": "Marshalling signals (from a pilot of an aircraft to a marshaller)",
  "text": "The following signals made by a pilot in an aircraft to a marshaller on the ground shall respectively have the following meanings:\nDescription of Signal\nMeaning of Signal\n(a)\nRaise arm and hand with fingers extended horizontally in front of face, then clench fist.\nBrakes engaged.\n(b)\nRaise arm with fist clenched horizontally in front of face, then extend fingers.\nBrakes released.\n(c)\nArms extended palms facing outwards, move hands inwards to cross in front of face.\nInsert chocks.\n(d)\nHands crossed in front of face, palms facing outwards, move arms outwards.\nRemove chocks.\n(e)\nRaise the number of fingers on one hand indicating the number of the engine to be started. For this purpose the aircraft engines shall be numbered in relation to the marshaller facing the aircraft, from his right to his left, for example, No. 1 engine shall be the port outer engine, No. 2 engine shall be the port inner engine, No. 3 engine shall be the starboard inner engine and No. 4 engine shall be the starboard outer engine.\nReady to start engines.",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "amended",
      "affecting": "uksi/1999/1323",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 1999"
    },
    {
      "type": "subst",
      "affecting": "uksi/2005/1110",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 2005"
    },
    {
      "type": "am",
      "affecting": "uksi/2003/64",
      "affecting_title": "The Rules of the Air (Amendment) Regulations 2003"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/1393/schedule/FIRST/paragraph/48",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T12:43:02.663213+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}