{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019.json",
  "id": "ukpga/2019/4",
  "title": "Tenant Fees Act 2019",
  "short_title": "Tenant Fees Act 2019",
  "long_title": "An Act to make provision prohibiting landlords and letting agents from requiring certain payments to be made or certain other steps to be taken; to make provision about the payment of holding deposits; to make provision about enforcement and about the lead enforcement authority; to amend the provisions of the Consumer Rights Act 2015 about information to be provided by letting agents; to make provision about client money protection schemes; and for connected purposes.",
  "citation": "2019 c. 4",
  "type": "ukpga",
  "year": "2019",
  "number": "4",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "2019-02-12",
  "revised": true,
  "valid_from": "2026-06-22",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 1,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/introduction",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Prohibitions etc applying to landlords and letting agents",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Prohibitions applying to landlords",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-1",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Prohibitions applying to letting agents",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-2",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Prohibited and permitted payments",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-3",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": "Effect of a breach of section 1 or 2",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-4",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": "Treatment of holding deposit",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-5",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5A",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5A",
      "heading": "Pre-tenancy payments of rent: prohibitions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-5A",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5B",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5B",
      "heading": "Effect of a breach of section 5A",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-5B",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/prohibitions-etc-applying-to-landlords-and-letting-agents"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/enforcement",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Enforcement",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/6",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": "Enforcement by local weights and measures authorities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-6",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/7",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "7",
      "heading": "Enforcement by district councils",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-7",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/8",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "8",
      "heading": "Financial penalties",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-8",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/9",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": "Power to amend maximum financial penalties",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-9",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/10",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": "Recovery by enforcement authority of amount paid",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-10",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/11",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": "Interest on payments under section 10",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-11",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/12",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "12",
      "heading": "Offences",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-12",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/13",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "13",
      "heading": "Offences by bodies corporate",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-13",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/14",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "14",
      "heading": "Duty to notify when taking enforcement action",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-14",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/15",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "15",
      "heading": "Recovery by relevant person of amount paid",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-15",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/16",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "16",
      "heading": "Assistance to recover amount paid",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-16",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/17",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "17",
      "heading": "Restriction on terminating tenancy",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-17",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/enforcement"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/amendments-to-the-consumer-rights-act-2015",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Amendments to the Consumer Rights Act 2015",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/18",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "18",
      "heading": "Duty to publicise fees on third party websites",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-18",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/amendments-to-the-consumer-rights-act-2015"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/19",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "19",
      "heading": "Information about membership of client money protection scheme",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-19",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/amendments-to-the-consumer-rights-act-2015"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/20",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "20",
      "heading": "Penalties for continuing breach of duty",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-20",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/amendments-to-the-consumer-rights-act-2015"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/client-money-protection-schemes",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Client money protection schemes",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/21",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "21",
      "heading": "Enforcement of client money protection schemes for property agents",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-21",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/client-money-protection-schemes"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/22",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "22",
      "heading": "Client money protection schemes: approval and designation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-22",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/client-money-protection-schemes"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/23",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "23",
      "heading": "Client money protection schemes: requirement to belong to a scheme etc",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-23",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/client-money-protection-schemes"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/lead-enforcement-authority",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Lead enforcement authority",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/24",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "24",
      "heading": "Lead enforcement authority",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-24",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/lead-enforcement-authority"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/25",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "25",
      "heading": "General duties of the lead enforcement authority",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-25",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/lead-enforcement-authority"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/26",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "26",
      "heading": "Enforcement by the lead enforcement authority",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-26",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/lead-enforcement-authority"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/general-interpretation",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "General interpretation",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/27",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "27",
      "heading": "Meaning of “letting agent” and related expressions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-27",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/general-interpretation"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/28",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "28",
      "heading": "Interpretation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-28",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/general-interpretation"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/final-provisions",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Final provisions",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/29",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "29",
      "heading": "Consequential amendments",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-29",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/30",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "30",
      "heading": "Transitional provision",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-30",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/31",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "31",
      "heading": "Financial provisions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-31",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "32",
      "heading": "Crown application",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-32",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/33",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "33",
      "heading": "Extent",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-33",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/34",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "34",
      "heading": "Commencement",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-34",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/35",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "35",
      "heading": "Short title",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/section-35",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/final-provisions"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1",
      "kind": "schedule",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Permitted payments",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/rent",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Rent",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/1",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-1",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/rent"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/increased-rent",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Increased rent",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/1A",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "1A",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-1A",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/increased-rent"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/tenancy-deposit",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Tenancy deposit",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/2",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-2",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/tenancy-deposit"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/holding-deposit",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Holding deposit",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/3",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-3",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/holding-deposit"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-the-event-of-a-default",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment in the event of a default",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/4",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-4",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-the-event-of-a-default"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/5",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-5",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-the-event-of-a-default"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-on-variation-assignment-or-novation-of-a-tenancy",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment on variation, assignment or novation of a tenancy",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/6",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-6",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-on-variation-assignment-or-novation-of-a-tenancy"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-on-termination-of-a-tenancy",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment on termination of a tenancy",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/7",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "7",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-7",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-on-termination-of-a-tenancy"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-council-tax",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment in respect of council tax",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/8",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "8",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-8",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-council-tax"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-utilities-etc",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment in respect of utilities etc",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/9",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-9",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-utilities-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-a-television-licence",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment in respect of a television licence",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/10",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-10",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-a-television-licence"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-communication-services",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Payment in respect of communication services",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/11",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tenant-fees-act-2019/schedule-1/paragraph-11",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/1/crossheading/payment-in-respect-of-communication-services"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2",
      "kind": "schedule",
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