{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-lands-chamber-rules-2010/article-48",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-lands-chamber-rules-2010/article-48.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/2010/2600",
  "legislation_title": "The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) (Lands Chamber) Rules 2010",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-lands-chamber-rules-2010",
  "path": "article/48",
  "kind": "article",
  "number": "48",
  "heading": "Public and private hearings",
  "text": "(1) Subject to the following paragraphs, all hearings must be held in public.\n(2) Subject to paragraph (6), each party is entitled to attend a hearing.\n(3) Except in a compulsory purchase compensation reference, the Tribunal may give a direction that a hearing, or part of it, is to be held in private.\n(3A) In particular, the Tribunal may direct that a hearing, or part of it, is to be held in private if—\n(a) the Tribunal directs that the proceedings are to be conducted wholly or partly as video proceedings or audio proceedings;\n(b) it is not reasonably practicable for such a hearing, or such part, to be accessed in a court or tribunal venue by persons who are not parties entitled to participate in the hearing;\n(c) a media representative is not able to access the proceedings remotely while they are taking place; and\n(d) such a direction is necessary to secure the proper administration of justice.\n(4) If the Tribunal is acting as an arbitrator in a reference by consent under section 1(5) of the 1949 Act, any hearing must be held in private unless the parties agree otherwise.\n(5) Where a hearing, or part of it, is to be held in private, the Tribunal may determine who is entitled to attend the hearing or part of it.\n(6) The Tribunal may give a direction excluding from any hearing, or part of it, any person whose conduct the Tribunal considers is disrupting or is likely to disrupt the hearing.\n(7) The Tribunal may give a direction excluding a witness from a hearing until that witness gives evidence.\n(8) In this rule, “compulsory purchase compensation reference” means a reference of a question to the Tribunal—\n(a) under section 1 of the 1961 Act;\n(b) under section 11(4) of the Compulsory Purchase (Vesting Declarations) Act 1981 ; or\n(c) to which the provisions of section 4 of the 1961 Act apply, with the exception of references—\n(i) under section 16(7) of the City of London (Various Powers) Act 1967 ;\n(ii) under section 307(1) of the Highways Act 1980 ; and\n(iii) under regulation 96(2) of the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) Regulations 1994 .",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Rule 48(3A) inserted (temp.) (10.4.2020) by virtue of The Tribunal Procedure (Coronavirus) (Amendment) Rules 2020 (S.I. 2020/416), rules 1(2), 8(2) (with rule 1(2))"
    },
    {
      "type": "M",
      "label": "M1",
      "text": "1981 c. 66"
    },
    {
      "type": "M",
      "label": "M2",
      "text": "1967 c. 42"
    },
    {
      "type": "M",
      "label": "M3",
      "text": "1980 c. 66"
    },
    {
      "type": "M",
      "label": "M4",
      "text": "S.I. 1994/2716"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/2600/article/48",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T02:27:15.033082+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}