{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-rules-2008/article-15",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-rules-2008/article-15.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/2008/2698",
  "legislation_title": "The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/tribunal-procedure-upper-tribunal-rules-2008",
  "path": "article/15",
  "kind": "article",
  "number": "15",
  "heading": "Evidence and submissions",
  "text": "(1) Without restriction on the general powers in rule 5(1) and (2) (case management powers), the Upper Tribunal may give directions as to—\n(a) issues on which it requires evidence or submissions;\n(b) the nature of the evidence or submissions it requires;\n(c) whether the parties are permitted or required to provide expert evidence, and if so whether the parties must jointly appoint a single expert to provide such evidence;\n(d) any limit on the number of witnesses whose evidence a party may put forward, whether in relation to a particular issue or generally;\n(e) the manner in which any evidence or submissions are to be provided, which may include a direction for them to be given—\n(i) orally at a hearing; or\n(ii) by written submissions or witness statement; and\n(f) the time at which any evidence or submissions are to be provided.\n(2) The Upper Tribunal may—\n(a) admit evidence whether or not—\n(i) the evidence would be admissible in a civil trial in the United Kingdom; or\n(ii) the evidence was available to a previous decision maker; or\n(b) exclude evidence that would otherwise be admissible where—\n(i) the evidence was not provided within the time allowed by a direction or a practice direction;\n(ii) the evidence was otherwise provided in a manner that did not comply with a direction or a practice direction; or\n(iii) it would otherwise be unfair to admit the evidence.\n(2A) In an asylum case or an immigration case—\n(a) if a party wishes the Upper Tribunal to consider evidence that was not before the First-tier Tribunal, that party must send or deliver a notice to the Upper Tribunal and any other party—\n(i) indicating the nature of the evidence; and\n(ii) explaining why it was not submitted to the First-tier Tribunal; and\n(b) when considering whether to admit evidence that was not before the First-tier Tribunal, the Upper Tribunal must have regard to whether there has been unreasonable delay in producing that evidence.\n(3) The Upper Tribunal may consent to a witness giving, or require any witness to give, evidence on oath, and may administer an oath for that purpose.",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Rule 15(2A) inserted (15.2.2010) by The Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2010 (S.I. 2010/44), rules 1, 11"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/2698/article/15",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T03:23:22.576941+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}