Section 2 Procedure for indictment of offenders.C1

England and Wales

(1)

Subject to the provisions of this section, a bill of indictment charging any person with an indictable offence may be preferred by any person before a court in which the person charged may lawfully be indicted for that offence F1... and it shall thereupon become an indictment and be proceeded with accordingly:

F2...

(2)

Subject as hereinafter provided no bill of indictment charging any person with an indictable offence shall be preferred unless either—

(a)

the person charged has been F3sent for trial for the offence; or

F4(aa)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ab)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ac)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C2(b)

the bill is preferred F5by the direction of the F6criminal division of the Court of Appeal or by the direction or with the consent of a judge of the High Court F7...: F8or

(F9ba)

the bill is preferred with the consent of a judge of the Crown Court following a declaration by the court under paragraph 8(1) of Schedule 17 to the Crime and Courts Act 2013 (court approval of deferred prosecution agreement); or

(c)

the bill is preferred under section 22B(3)(a) of the M1Prosecution of Offences Act 1985.

Provided that—

F10(i)

where the person charged has been sent for trial, the bill of indictment against him may include, either in substitution for or in addition to any count charging an offence specified in the notice under F11section 51D(1) of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, any counts founded on material which, in pursuance of regulations made under paragraph 1 of Schedule 3 to that Act, was served on the person charged, being counts which may lawfully be joined in the same indictment;

F12(iA)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iB)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii)

a charge of a previous conviction of an offence F13... may, notwithstanding that it was not included in F14such notice or in any such direction or consent as aforesaid, be included in any bill of indictment

F15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3)

If a bill of indictment F16has been preferred otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of the last foregoing subsection F17..., the indictment shall be liable to be quashed:

Provided that—

(a)

if the bill contains several counts, and the said provisions have been complied with as respects one or more of them, those counts only that were wrongly included shall be quashed under this subsection; and

(b)

where a person who has been F18sent for trial is convicted on any indictment or any count of an indictment, that indictment or count shall not be quashed under this subsection in any proceedings on appeal, unless application was made at the trial that it should be so quashed.

F194)(5)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6)

F20F21Criminal Procedure Rules may make provision for carrying this section into effect and F22, in particular, provision as to the manner in which and the time at which bills of indictment are to be preferred before any court and the manner in which application is to be made for the consent of a judge of the High Court F23... for the preferment of a bill of indictment.

F24(6ZA)

Where a bill of indictment is preferred in accordance with subsections (1) and (2), no objection to the indictment may be taken after the commencement of the trial by reason of any failure to observe any rules under subsection (6).

(6ZB)

For the purposes of subsection (6ZA) the trial commences at the time when a jury is sworn to consider the issue of guilt or whether the accused did the act or made the omission charged, or, if the court accepts a plea of guilty before the time when a jury is sworn, when that plea is accepted.

(6ZC)

The references in subsection (6ZB) to the time when a jury is sworn include the time when that jury would be sworn but for the making of an order under Part 7 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003.

F25(6A)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7)

F26... Nothing in this section shall affect any enactment restricting the right to prosecute in particular classes of case.

(8)

The provisions of any enactment passed before the commencement of this Act shall have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications specified in the Second Schedule to this Act.

Annotations

Textual amendments

F1: Words in s. 2(1) repealed (12.11.2009 with retrospective effect in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 26 of the amending Act) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), ss. 116(1)(a)(i), 182(1)(b), Sch. 23 Pt. 3
F2: Words in s. 2(1) repealed (12.11.2009 with retrospective effect in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 26 of the amending Act) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), ss. 116(1)(a)(ii), 182(1)(b), Sch. 23 Pt. 3
F3: Word in s. 2(2)(a) substituted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes; 18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(a); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F4: S. 2(2)(aa)-(ac) repealed (18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(b), Sch. 37 Pt. 4; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F5: Words inserted by Criminal Appeal Act 1964 (c. 43), s. 5, Sch. 2
F6: Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Appeal Act 1966 (c. 31), s. 1(6)(a)
F7: Words repealed by Prosecution of Offences Act 1985 (c. 23), s. 31(6), Sch. 2
F8: S. 2(2)(c) and preceding word inserted (1.6.1999) by 1998 c. 37, s. 119, Sch. 8 para. 5(1)(b); S.I. 1999/1279, art. 2.
F9: S. 2(2)(ba) inserted (24.2.2014) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 17 para. 32 (with Sch. 17 para. 39); S.I. 2014/258, art. 2(b)
F10: S. 2(2)(i) substituted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes; 18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(c); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F11: Words in s. 2(2) substituted (26.5.2015) by Deregulation Act 2015 (c. 20), ss. 82(2), 115(7); S.I. 2015/994, art. 6(o)
F12: S. 2(2)(iA)(iB) repealed (18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(d), Sch. 37 Pt. 4; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F13: Words in s. 2(2)(ii) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt. III.
F14: Words in s. 2(2)(ii) substituted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes; 18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(e); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(a), Sch. Pt. 1; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F15: Words in s. 2(2) repealed (18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(2)(f), Sch. 37 Pt. 4; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F16: Words in s. 2(3) inserted (12.11.2009 with retrospective effect in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 26 of the amending Act) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), ss. 116(1)(b)(i), 182(1)(b)
F17: Words in s. 2(3) repealed (12.11.2009 with retrospective effect in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 26 of the amending Act) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), ss. 116(1)(b)(ii), 182(1)(b), Sch. 23 Pt. 3
F18: Word in s. 2(3)(b) substituted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes; 18.6.2012 for specified purposes; 5.11.2012 for specified purposes; 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 34(3); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(a), Sch. Pt. 1; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)
F19: S. 2(4)(5) repealed by Courts Act 1971 (c. 23), s. 56(4), Sch. 11 Pt. IV
F20: Words in s. 2(6) substituted (1.9.2004) by Courts Act 2003 (Consequential Amendments) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/2035), art. 2(1), Sch. para. 1(2)(a) (with art. 2(2))
F21: Words in s. 2(6) substituted (26.5.2015) by Deregulation Act 2015 (c. 20), ss. 82(1)(a), 115(7); S.I. 2015/994, art. 6(o)
F22: Words in s. 2(6) substituted (1.9.2004) by Courts Act 2003 (Consequential Amendments) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/2035), art. 2(1), Sch. para. 1(2)(b) (with art. 2(2))
F23: Words repealed by Courts Act 1971 (c. 23), s. 56(4), Sch. 11 Pt. IV
F24: S. 2(6ZA)-(6ZC) inserted (12.11.2009 with retrospective effect in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 26 of the amending Act) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), ss. 116(1)(c), 182(1)(b)
F25: S. 2(6A) omitted (26.5.2015) by virtue of Deregulation Act 2015 (c. 20), ss. 82(1)(b), 115(7); S.I. 2015/994, art. 6(o)
F26: Words in s. 2(7) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt. III.

Marginal citations

M1: 1985 c.23.

Modifications

C1: S. 2 continued (as amended) by Supreme Court Act, 1981 (c. 54), s. 152(1), Sch. 5
C2: S. 2(2)(b): by the Supreme Court Act 1981 (c.54), Sch. 5, it is provided that this section shall continue to have effect with the amendments made by the Criminal Appeal Act 1964 and the Criminal Appeal Act 1966 that is with the insertion after “preferred” of “by the direction of the criminal division of the Court of Appeal or”.