Paragraph

In this Schedule—

• “beetle bank” means a linear raised earth bank in an arable field, covered in grass vegetation;

• “biobed” means an installation comprising a mix of soil, straw and peat-free compost contained in a lined pit which treats pesticide residue;

• “biofilter” means an installation comprising a mix of soil, straw and peat-free compost contained in stacked, linked water-tight containers which treats pesticide residue;

• “brassica fodder crop” means a brassica crop which is grown to be grazed by livestock or cut for forage;

• “buffer strip” means a strip of land adjoining a field boundary or environmental feature which is not cultivated and where the use of inputs is restricted;

• “casting up” means a linear raised earth bank in the arable field, covered in grass vegetation;

• “cultivated land” means land which is regularly cultivated by ploughing or other means;

• “England LFA Maps” means the four volumes of maps entitled “Less Favoured Area Map of England 2009” dated 29th January 2010, and their Annex dated 15th January 2020, signed on behalf of the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and deposited at the offices of the Rural Payments Agency, Northgate House, 21-23 Valpy Street, Reading, Berkshire, RG1 1AF;

• “eyesore” means an unsightly item which, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, has a negative effect on the landscape;

• “fen” means an area of low-lying marshy ground;

• “grassland” means land on which the vegetation consists primarily of grass species;

• “grip blocking” means an intervention that raises the water level in a drainage ditch or channel to, at or near the soil surface to cause re-wetting of the surrounding area;

• “heathland” means an area on which the vegetation consists primarily of ericaceous dwarf shrubs, grasses and trees, usually on acidic sandy soils;

• “improved grassland” means grassland which—

  1. (a)

     has been drained, fertilised, re-seeded or otherwise managed to increase its productive capacity, and

  2. (b)

     receives more than 50 but not more than 100 kilograms per hectare of inorganic nitrogen fertiliser per year;

• “in-field tree” means a tree, the trunk of which is entirely within the field and does not touch the field boundary;

• “in-field pond” means a pond which is entirely within the field and does not touch the field boundary;

• “inputs” means fertiliser, manures, pesticides and seed;

• “inspection pit” means chamber or pit that collects drainage for inspection, to check for blockages and sedimentation reducing the risk of runoff and water pollution;

• “intensive grassland” means grassland which receives more than 100 kilograms per hectare of inorganic nitrogen fertiliser per year;

• “leaky woody dam” means a woody barrier which slows the movement of water to increase flood storage capacity or the deposition of sediment;

• “ley” means sown grass or herbage suitable for grazing or cutting;

• “management plan” means a plan for carrying out any activity (other than the making of a payment) provided for in a countryside stewardship agreement;

• “native breeds at risk” means breeds of livestock that appears on the United Kingdom Native Breeds At Risk list published on www.gov.uk;

• “overwintered stubble” means the remains of a cereal, oilseed rape, field bean or linseed crop after harvesting, retained through the winter into the following year;

• “pasture pump” means a low-lift, animal-operated water pump;

• “ram pump” means a water-powered pump;

• “reedbed” means an area of marshy ground on which the vegetation consists primarily of reeds;

• “rhine” means a type of channel;

• “rotational land” means land which will successively bear different crops as the rotation progresses including grass and clover in the fertility-building phase of the rotation;

• “rough grazing” means grazing on permanent grassland on which the vegetation is predominantly natural owing to the difficult terrain or other physical constraint;

• “scrape” means a shallow excavation which may hold water seasonally;

• “sediment pond” and “sediment trap” means an area of still water that allows sediment to settle out from the water;

• “seepage barrier” means a barrier that slows the movement of water;

• “severely disadvantaged area” or “SDA” means any area of land shown coloured pink on the England LFA Maps;

• “silt filtration dam” means a barrier that slows the movement of water in ditches;

• “skylark plot” means an unsown, sparsely vegetated area of land in a field sown with cereals;

• “successional” means containing a range of habitat structures appropriate to the specific target species;

• “swale” means a grassed channel or waterway that collects and controls surface water or lightly contaminated water;

• “sward” means an area of predominantly grass;

• “traditional farm building” means a building or part of a building constructed for a use associated with agriculture—

  1. (a)

     that was constructed using traditional methods and materials, or

  2. (b)

     which is, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, of historic or landscape interest;

• “tramlines” means machinery wheel tracks deliberately positioned in sown crops to help ensure field operations align to a common working width;

• “veteran tree” means any tree that shows features of—

  1. (a)

     a low, fat and squat shape,

  2. (b)

     a wide trunk compared to others of the same species, and

  3. (c)

     hollowing of the trunk;

• “water meadow” means a meadow which is periodically inundated with water through a system of sluices and carriers.