OpenLegislation

Rule 33.11 Confiscation proceedingsI1

England and Wales

Changes not yet applied. Later legislation changes this provision in ways not yet written into the text below:

(1)

This rule applies where—

(a)

rule 25.16(7) applies (Trial and sentence in the Crown Court; Procedure if the court convicts);

(b)

the court can make a confiscation order; and

(c)

the prosecutor asks the court to make such an order, or the court considers making such an order on its own initiative.

(2)

The court must satisfy itself that there has been explained to the defendant, in terms the defendant can understand (with help, if necessary)—

(a)

in every case—

(i)

that the court’s requirements for information must be obeyed, and

(ii)

the potential consequences of not doing so; and

(b)

if the court makes a confiscation order—

(i)

the amount that must be paid and how that has been calculated,

(ii)

the potential consequences of failing to pay that amount, and

(iii)

if applicable, the possibility that the prosecutor in future may apply to the court to order the defendant to pay more.

(3)

The court must set a confiscation timetable that—

(a)

requires the defendant to serve on the court officer and the prosecutor information under section 18 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002f1 not more than 15 business days after the court sets the timetable (or within such other period as the court directs);

(b)

requires the defendant to serve on any person who holds an interest in property in which the defendant also holds an interest (‘an interested person’) not more than 15 business days after the court sets the timetable (or within such other period as the court directs)—

(i)

notice of the confiscation proceedings,

(ii)

notice that the defendant has named that person as an interested person, with the reasons why, and

(iii)

notice of what that person must do under paragraph (9) of this rule, giving addresses for the court office, the prosecutor and the defendant;

(c)

requires the prosecutor to serve on the court officer and the defendant a statement of information under section 16 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002f2 not more than 20 business days after service of the defendant’s section 18 information (or within such other period as the court directs);

(d)

requires the defendant to serve on the court officer and the prosecutor a response to the prosecutor’s statement of information, under section 17 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002f3, not more than 30 business days after service of that statement (or within such other period as the court directs); and

(e)

fixes a date for the confiscation hearing.

(4)

The information from the defendant under section 18 of the 2002 Act must—

(a)

list the defendant’s property;

(b)

give details of the defendant’s income;

(c)

list any property in which an interested person holds an interest and include—

(i)

that person’s name and address,

(ii)

the name and address of that person’s legal representative, if known, and

(iii)

details of that person’s interest in the property.

(5)

In or with the statement of information under section 16 of the 2002 Act the prosecutor must—

(a)

set out the grounds for a confiscation order;

(b)

list the prosecutor’s assertions in a way that allows the defendant to indicate the extent to which (if at all) the defendant accepts each assertion;

(c)

identify any interested person known to the prosecutor but not mentioned in the defendant’s information, with details of that person’s interest;

(d)

include a financial investigator’s witness statement that sets out the matters of fact on which the prosecutor relies;

(e)

include any other witness statement or other evidence relied upon in support of the prosecutor’s case; and

(f)

if either the defendant’s information or the prosecutor’s statement of information has mentioned an interested person, apply for further directions.

(6)

Where the prosecutor mentions in the statement of information an interested person not also mentioned in the defendant’s information, at the same time as serving the statement of information the prosecutor must serve on that person—

(a)

notice of the confiscation proceedings;

(b)

notice that the prosecutor has named that person as an interested person, with the reasons why; and

(c)

notice of what that person must do under paragraph (9) of this rule, giving addresses for the court office, the prosecutor and the defendant.

(7)

In or with the response under section 17 of the 2002 Act the defendant must—

(a)

state whether, and if so to what extent, the defendant accepts each assertion made by the prosecutor in the statement of information;

(b)

in respect of each assertion that the defendant does not accept, give reasons why and particulars of any matters on which the defendant intends to rely;

(c)

include any assertion by the defendant that benefit from criminal conduct has been shared with somebody else; and

(d)

include any witness statement or other evidence relied upon in support of the defendant’s case.

(8)

Where part of the defendant’s response concerns the interest of an interested person, at the same time as serving the response the defendant must serve that part on that person.

(9)

An interested person served with notice of the proceedings by the defendant or by the prosecutor must, not more than 45 business days after service of that notice (or within such other period as the court directs)—

(a)

serve a response on the court officer, the prosecutor and the defendant; and

(b)

in or with the response—

(i)

state whether, and if so to what extent, the interested person accepts the assertions made about that person’s interest,

(ii)

in respect of each assertion that the interested person does not accept, give reasons why and particulars of any matters on which that person intends to rely,

(iii)

give particulars of the person’s interest (if any) in the property, and

(iv)

include any witness statement or other evidence on which the interested person relies.

(10)

The court must—

(a)

when setting the confiscation timetable take into account any indication then available that the case will involve unusual complexity; and

(b)

review the timetable and give such further directions as may be needed if—

(i)

the defendant or the prosecutor identifies an interested person,

(ii)

other information may affect the date fixed for the confiscation hearing, or

(iii)

either party applies for further directions.

(11)

The court must not determine the extent of the defendant’s interest in property in which it appears to the court that another person holds an interest unless that interested person has had a reasonable opportunity to make representations.

(12)

With or without a hearing, the court may—

(a)

shorten or extend a time limit which it has set;

(b)

vary, discharge or supplement an order (other than a confiscation order) which it has made where this rule applies; and

(c)

postpone the confiscation hearing.

[Note. Under section 6 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002f4, where a defendant is convicted of an offence the Crown Court must (with some exceptions)—

(a)

decide whether the defendant has ‘a criminal lifestyle’, within the meaning of the Act, or has benefited from particular criminal conduct;

(b)

decide the ‘recoverable amount’, within the meaning of the Act; and

(c)

make a confiscation order requiring the defendant to pay that amount.

Under section 14 of the 2002 Actf5, unless exceptional circumstances apply the court may postpone confiscation proceedings for a maximum of 2 years from the date of conviction, or until the end of a period of 3 months following the determination of an appeal by the defendant against conviction, if that is later.

Under section 16 of the 2002 Actf6, where the Crown Court is considering confiscation the prosecutor must give the court a statement of information which the prosecutor believes to be relevant to what the court must decide, within such period as the court directs. Under section 17 of the Actf7, where the prosecutor gives such a statement the court may order the defendant to respond and, if the defendant does not do so, then the court may treat the defendant as accepting the prosecutor’s allegations. Under section 18, for the purpose of obtaining information to help it in carrying out its functions the court may at any time order the defendant to give it information specified in the order and, if the defendant does not do so, then the court may draw such inference as it believes appropriate. Under section 18Af8, for the purpose of obtaining information to help it to determine the extent of the defendant’s interest in property the court may at any time order a person who the court thinks may hold an interest in that property to give it information specified in the order and, if that person does not do so, then the court may draw such inference as it believes appropriate.

Under section 27 of the 2002 Actf9, special provisions apply where the defendant absconds.

See also the rules in Part 3 (Case management) and Part 15 (Disclosure).

For powers to vary a confiscation order see—

(a)

rule 28.4 (Variation of sentence); and

(b)

rules 33.13 to 33.18.

Under section 97 of the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005f10, the Secretary of State may by order provide for confiscation orders to be made by magistrates’ courts.]

Annotations

Commencement

I1

Rule 33.11 in force at 6.10.2025, see Preamble

Footnotes

f1

2002 c. 29; section 18 was amended by section 94 of, and paragraph 7 of Schedule 8 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27) and section 2 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9).

f2

2002 c. 29; section 16 was amended by section 94 of, and paragraph 5 of Schedule 8 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27) and section 2 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9).

f3

2002 c. 29; section 17 was amended by section 94 of, and paragraph 6 of Schedule 8 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27).

f4

2002 c. 29; section 6 was amended by section 336 of, and paragraph 75 of Schedule 3 to, the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), section 94 of, and paragraph 2 of Schedule 8 and Schedule 14 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), section 12 of, and paragraph 12 of the Schedule to, the Prevention of Social Housing Fraud Act 2013 (c. 3), section 88 of, and paragraph 19 of Schedule 4 to, the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9) and section 416 of, and paragraph 181 of Schedule 24 to, the Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17).

f5

2002 c. 29; section 14 was amended by section 94 of, and paragraph 4 of Schedule 8 and Schedule 14 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), section 12 of, and paragraph 15 of the Schedule to, the Prevention of Social Housing Fraud Act 2013 (c. 3), section 88 of, and paragraph 21 of Schedule 4 to, the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9) and section 416 of, and paragraph 183 of Schedule 24 to, the Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17).

f6

2002 c. 29; section 16 was amended by section 74(2) of, and paragraphs 1 and 5 of Schedule 8 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27) and section 2 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9).

f7

2002 c. 29; section 17 was amended by section 74(2) of, and paragraphs 1 and 6 of Schedule 8 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27).

f8

2002 c. 29; section 18A was inserted by section 2 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9).

f9

2002 c. 29; section 27 was amended by section 94 of, and paragraph 14 of Schedule 8 and Schedule 14 to, the Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), sections 9 and 88 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9) and section 416 of, and paragraph 189 of Schedule 24 to, the Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17).

f10

2005 c. 15; section 97 was amended by S.I. 2010/976 and sections 40 and 88 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9).