Division 27
United Kingdom
In order to prevent emissions of PCDD/F or to keep the emissions of PCDD/F from the flue-gases of the kiln firing processes low, BAT is to use one or a combination of the following techniques:
| Technique | Applicability | |
|---|---|---|
| a | Carefully selecting and controlling of kiln inputs (raw materials), i.e. chlorine, copper and volatile organic compounds | Generally applicable |
| b | Carefully selecting and controlling kiln inputs (fuels), i.e. chlorine and copper | Generally applicable |
| c | Limiting/avoiding the use of wastes which contain chlorinated organic materials | Generally applicable |
| d | Avoid feeding fuels with a high content of halogens (e.g. chlorine) in secondary firing | Generally applicable |
| e | Quick cooling of kiln flue-gases to lower than 200 °C and minimising residence time of flue-gases and oxygen content in zones where the temperatures range between 300 and 450 °C | Applicable to long wet kilns and long dry kilns without preheating. In modern preheater and precalciner kilns, this feature is already inherent |
| f | Stop co-incinerating waste for operations such as start-ups and/or shutdowns | Generally applicable |