Division BAT 10
United Kingdom
BAT is to monitor the stack emissions to air with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
| For sources of high emissions, BAT is continuous measurement or, where continuous measurement is not applicable, more frequent periodic monitoring. | |||
| For small sources (< 10 000 Nm3/h) of dust emissions from the storage and handling of raw materials, monitoring could be based on the measurement of surrogate parameters (such as the pressure drop). | |||
| The metals to be monitored depend on the composition of the raw materials used. | |||
| Related to BAT 69(a), a mass balance can be used to calculate SO2 emissions, based on the measurement of the sulphur content of each of the anode batches consumed. | |||
| Where relevant in view of factors such as the halogenated organic compounds content of the raw materials used, the temperature profile, etc. | |||
| Monitoring is relevant when the raw materials contain sulphur. | |||
| Monitoring may not be relevant for hydrometallurgical processes. | |||
| Where relevant in view of the organic compounds content of the raw materials used. | |||
| Note: ‘other non-ferrous metals’ means the production of non-ferrous metals other than those dealt with specifically in Sections 1.2 to 1.8. | |||
| Parameter | Monitoring associated with | Minimum monitoring frequency | Standard(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dustf1 | Copper: BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Aluminium: BAT 56, BAT 58, BAT 59, BAT 60, BAT 61, BAT 67, BAT 81, BAT 88 Lead, Tin: BAT 94, BAT 96, BAT 97 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 119, BAT 122 Precious metals: BAT 140 Ferro-alloys: BAT 155, BAT 156, BAT 157, BAT 158 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 171 Other non-ferrous metals: emissions from production stages such as raw material pretreatment, charging, smelting, melting and tapping | Continuousf2 | EN 13284-2 |
| Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 40, BAT 41, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Aluminium: BAT 56, BAT 58, BAT 59, BAT 60, BAT 61, BAT 66, BAT 67, BAT 68, BAT 80, BAT 81, BAT 82, BAT 88 Lead, Tin: BAT 94, BAT 95, BAT 96, BAT 97 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 113, BAT 119, BAT 121, BAT 122, BAT 128, BAT 132 Precious metals: BAT 140 Ferro-alloys: BAT 154, BAT 155, BAT 156, BAT 157, BAT 158 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 171 Carbon/graphite: BAT 178, BAT 179, BAT 180, BAT 181 Other non-ferrous metals: emissions from production stages such as raw material pretreatment, charging, smelting, melting and tapping | Once per year | EN 13284-1 | |
| Antimony and its compounds, expressed as Sb | Lead, Tin: BAT 96, BAT 97 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Arsenic and its compounds, expressed as As | Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Lead, Tin: BAT 96, BAT 97 Zinc: BAT 122 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Cadmium and its compounds, expressed as Cd | Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 41, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Lead, Tin: BAT 94, BAT 95, BAT 96, BAT 97 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 122, BAT 132 Ferro-alloys: BAT 156 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Chromium (VI) | Ferro-alloys: BAT 156 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| Copper and its compounds, expressed as Cu | Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Lead, Tin: BAT 96, BAT 97 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Nickel and its compounds, expressed as Ni | Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 172, BAT 173 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Lead and its compounds, expressed as Pb | Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 41, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Lead, Tin: BAT 94, BAT 95, BAT 96, BAT 97 Ferro-alloys: BAT 156 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Thallium and its compounds, expressed as Tl | Ferro-alloys: BAT 156 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Zinc and its compounds, expressed as Zn | Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 113, BAT 114, BAT 119, BAT 121, BAT 122, BAT 128, BAT 132 | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Other metals, if relevantf3 | Copper: BAT 37, BAT 38, BAT 39, BAT 40, BAT 41, BAT 42, BAT 43, BAT 44, BAT 45 Lead, Tin: BAT 94, BAT 95, BAT 96, BAT 97 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 113, BAT 119, BAT 121, BAT 122, BAT 128, BAT 132 Precious metals: BAT 140 Ferro-alloys: BAT 154, BAT 155, BAT 156, BAT 157, BAT 158 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 171 Other non-ferrous metals | Once per year | EN 14385 |
| Mercury and its compounds, expressed as Hg | Copper, Aluminium, Lead, Tin, Zinc, Cadmium, Ferro-alloys, Nickel, Cobalt, Other non-ferrous metals: BAT 11 | Continuous or once per year | EN 14884 EN 13211 |
| SO2 | Copper: BAT 49 Aluminium: BAT 60, BAT 69 Lead, Tin: BAT 100 Precious metals: BAT 142, BAT 143 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 174 | Continuous or once per year f6 | EN 14791 |
| Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 120 | Continuous | ||
| Carbon/graphite: BAT 182 | Once per year | ||
| NOX, expressed as NO2 | Copper, Aluminium, Lead, Tin, FeSi, Si (pyrometallurgical processes): BAT 13 Precious metals: BAT 141 Other non-ferrous metals | Continuous or once per year | EN 14792 |
| Carbon/graphite | Once per year | ||
| TVOC | Copper: BAT 46 Aluminium: BAT 83 Lead, Tin: BAT 98 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 123 Other non-ferrous metals f7 | Continuous or once per year | EN 12619 |
| Ferro-alloys: BAT 160 Carbon/graphite: BAT 183 | Once per year | ||
| Formaldehyde | Carbon/graphite: BAT 183 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| Phenol | Carbon/graphite: BAT 183 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| PCDD/F | Copper: BAT 48 Aluminium: BAT 83 Lead, Tin: BAT 99 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 123 Precious metals: BAT 146 Ferro-alloys: BAT 159 Other non-ferrous metals f8 | Once per year | EN 1948 parts 1, 2 and 3 |
| H2SO4 | Copper: BAT 50 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 114 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| NH3 | Aluminium: BAT 89 Precious metals: BAT 145 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 175 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| Benzo-[a]-pyrene | Aluminium: BAT 59, BAT 60, BAT 61 Ferro-alloys: BAT 160 Carbon/graphite: BAT 178, BAT 179, BAT 180, BAT 181 | Once per year | ISO 11338-1 ISO 11338-2 |
| Gaseous fluorides, expressed as HF | Aluminium: BAT 60, BAT 61, BAT 67 | Continuous | ISO 15713 |
| Aluminium: BAT 60, BAT 67, BAT 84 Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 124 | Once per year | ||
| Total fluorides | Aluminium: BAT 60, BAT 67 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| Gaseous chlorides, expressed as HCl | Aluminium: BAT 84 | Continuous or once per year | EN 1911 |
| Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 124 Precious metals: BAT 144 | Once per year | ||
| Cl2 | Aluminium: BAT 84 Precious metals: BAT 144 Nickel, Cobalt: BAT 172 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| H2S | Aluminium: BAT 89 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| PH3 | Aluminium: BAT 89 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
| Sum of AsH3 and SbH3 | Zinc, Cadmium: BAT 114 | Once per year | No EN standard available |
Annotations
Footnotes
- f1
-
For small sources (< 10 000 Nm3/h) of dust emissions from the storage and handling of raw materials, monitoring could be based on the measurement of surrogate parameters (such as the pressure drop).
- f2
-
For sources of high emissions, BAT is continuous measurement or, where continuous measurement is not applicable, more frequent periodic monitoring.
- f3
-
The metals to be monitored depend on the composition of the raw materials used.
- f4
-
Monitoring is relevant when the raw materials contain sulphur.
- f5
-
Monitoring may not be relevant for hydrometallurgical processes.
- f6
-
Related to BAT 69(a), a mass balance can be used to calculate SO2 emissions, based on the measurement of the sulphur content of each of the anode batches consumed.
- f7
-
Where relevant in view of the organic compounds content of the raw materials used.
- f8
-
Where relevant in view of factors such as the halogenated organic compounds content of the raw materials used, the temperature profile, etc.