Division BAT 17

United Kingdom

In order to reduce ammonia emissions to air from an earth-banked slurry store (lagoon), BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.

A description of the techniques is given in Section 4.6.1.
	Technique^f1	Applicability
a	Minimise stirring of the slurry.	Generally applicable.
b	Cover the earth-banked slurry store (lagoon) with a flexible and/or floating cover such as: flexible plastic sheets; light bulk materials; natural crust; straw.	Plastic sheets may not be applicable to large existing lagoons due to structural reasons. Straw and light bulk materials may not be applicable to large lagoons where wind drift does not permit the lagoon surface to be kept fully covered. The use of light bulk materials is not applicable to naturally crusting slurries. Agitation of the slurry during stirring, filling and emptying may preclude the use of some floating materials which may cause sedimentation or blockages in the pumps. Natural crust formation may not be applicable to cold climates and/or to slurry with low dry matter content. Natural crust is not applicable to lagoons where stirring, filling and/or discharging of slurry renders the natural crust unstable.

A description of the techniques is given in Section 4.6.1.

Technique^f1

Applicability

Minimise stirring of the slurry.

Generally applicable.

Cover the earth-banked slurry store (lagoon) with a flexible and/or floating cover such as:

flexible plastic sheets;
light bulk materials;
natural crust;
straw.

Plastic sheets may not be applicable to large existing lagoons due to structural reasons.

Straw and light bulk materials may not be applicable to large lagoons where wind drift does not permit the lagoon surface to be kept fully covered.

The use of light bulk materials is not applicable to naturally crusting slurries.

Agitation of the slurry during stirring, filling and emptying may preclude the use of some floating materials which may cause sedimentation or blockages in the pumps.

Natural crust formation may not be applicable to cold climates and/or to slurry with low dry matter content.

Natural crust is not applicable to lagoons where stirring, filling and/or discharging of slurry renders the natural crust unstable.

Annotations

Footnotes

f1: A description of the techniques is given in Section 4.6.1.