Division 4 REFERENCES

United Nations (UN) (2007). Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Second revised edition, UN New York and Geneva, 2007. Available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev02/02files_e.html.

REACH: Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment. Available at: http://guidance.echa.europa.eu/docs/guidance_document/information_requirements_en.htm?time=1232447649.

Test Method B.4. ACUTE TOXICITY; DERMAL IRRITATION/CORROSION.

Test Method B.40. IN VITRO SKIN CORROSION: TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE TEST TER.

Test Method B.40 BIS. IN VITRO SKIN CORROSION: HUMAN SKIN MODEL TEST.

OECD (2006). Test Guideline 435. OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals. In Vitro Membrane Barrier Test Method. Adopted July 19, 2006. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,2340,en_2649_34377_1916054_1_1_1_1,00.html.

ECVAM (2009) Performance Standards for applying human skin models to in vitro skin irritation. Available under Download Study Documents, at: http://ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

Fentem, J.H., Briggs, D., Chesné, C., Elliot, G.R., Harbell, J.W., Heylings, J.R., Portes, P., Roguet, R., van de Sandt, J.J.M. & Botham, P. (2001). A prevalidation study on in vitro tests for acute skin irritation. Results and evaluation by the Management Team. Toxicology in Vitro 15, 57-93.

Portes, P., Grandidier, M.H., Cohen, C. & Roguet, R.(2002). Refinement of the EPISKIN protocol for the assessment of acute skin irritation of chemicals: follow-up to the ECVAM prevalidation study. Toxicology in Vitro 16, 765-770.

Kandárová, H., Liebsch, M., Genschow, E., Gerner, I., Traue, D., Slawik, B. & Spielmann, H. (2004). Optimisation of the EpiDerm test protocol for the upcoming ECVAM validation study on in vitro skin irritation tests. ALTEX 21, 107-114.

Kandárová, H., Liebsch, M., Gerner, I., Schmidt, E., Genschow, E., Traue, D. & Spielmann H. (2005) The EpiDerm Test Protocol fort the Upcoming ECVAM Validation Study on In Vitro Skin Irritation Tests — An Assessment of the Performance of the Optimised Test. ATLA 33, 351-367.

Cotovio, J., Grandidier, M.-H., Portes, P., Roguet, R. & G. Rubinsteen. (2005). The In Vitro Acute Skin Irritation of Chemicals: Optimisation of the EPISKIN Prediction Model within the Framework of the ECVAM Validation Process. ATLA 33, 329-249.

Zuang, V., Balls, M., Botham, P.A., Coquette, A., Corsini, E., Curren, R.D., Elliot, G.R., Fentem, J.H., Heylings, J.R., Liebsch, M., Medina, J., Roguet, R., van De Sandt, J.J.M., Wiemann, C. & Worth, A.(2002). Follow-up to the ECVAM prevalidation study on in vitro tests for acute skin irritation. ECVAM Skin Irritation Task Force Report 2. ATLA 30,109-129.

Spielmann, H., Hoffmann, S., Liebsch, M., Botham, P., Fentem, J., Eskes, C., Roguet, R., Cotovió, J., Cole, T., Worth, A., Heylings, J., Jones, P., Robles, C., Kandárová, H., Gamer, A., Remmele, M., Curren, R., Raabe, H., Cockshott, A., Gerner, I. and Zuang, V. (2007) The ECVAM International Validation Study on In Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation: Report on the Validity of the EPISKIN and EpiDerm Assays and on the Skin Integrity Function Test. ATLA 35, 559-601.

Hoffmann, S. (2006). ECVAM Skin Irritation Validation Study Phase II: Analysis of the Primary Endpoint MTT and the Secondary Endpoint IL1-α. 135 pp. + annexes. Available under Download Study Documents, at: http://ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

Eskes, C., Cole, T., Hoffmann, S., Worth, A., Cockshott, A., Gerner, I. & Zuang. V (2007) ECVAM International Validation Study on In Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation: Selection of Test Chemicals. ATLA 35, 603-619.

J. Cotovio, M.-H. Grandidier, D. Lelièvre, R. Roguet, E. Tinois-Tessonneaud, J. Leclaire (2007). In vitro acute skin irritancy of chemicals using the validated EPISKIN model in a tiered strategy — Results and performances with 184 cosmetic ingredients, AATEX, Special Issue-proceedings from WC6. Vol.14, 351-358.

ESAC statement on updated EpiDerm and similar SkinEthic assays. 5 November 2008.

EC (2006). Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency, amending Directive 1999/45/EC and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 as well as Council Directive 76/769/EEC and Commission Directives 91/155/EEC, 93/67/EEC, 93/105/EC and 2000/21/EC. Official Journal of the European Union L 396 of 30 December 2006, p. 1. OPOCE, Luxembourg.

Mosman, T. (1983) Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods 65, 55-63.

EpiSkin™ SOP, Version 1.6 (January 2005). Validation of the EpiSkin Skin Irritation Test — 42 Hours Assay For The Prediction of Acute Skin Irritation of Chemicals. Available under Download Study Documents, at: http://ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

EpiDerm™ SOP, Version 5.0 (October 2004). Draft Standard Operating Procedure. In Vitro Skin Irritation Test: Human Skin Model. Model: EpiDerm™- 200. Available under Download Study Documents, at: http://ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

SkinEthic RHE™ SOP. Will be available under Download Study Documents, at: http://ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

Harvell, J.D., Lammintausta, K., Maibach H.I. (1995) Irritant contact dermatitis IN: Guin J.D. Practical Contact Dermatitis Mc Graw-Hill New York, pp 7-18

Griesinger C, Barroso J & Zuang V: ECVAM background document on the recent adaptations of the ECVAM performance standards for in vitro skin irritation testing in the context of the drafting process of an EU test method and an OECD draft test guideline. Ispra, November 13, 2008.