SPECIFIC CONDITIONS REQUIRED FROM VIRTUAL TESTING METHODS AND REGULATORY ACTS FOR WHICH VIRTUAL TESTING METHODS MAY BE USED BY A MANUFACTURER OR A TECHNICAL SERVICE
0.
Objectives and scope
This Annex lays down appropriate provisions concerning virtual testing in accordance with Article 11(3).
It shall not apply to the second subparagraph of Article 11(2).
1.
List of regulatory acts
No
Regulatory act reference
Subject
3.
Directive 70/221/EEC
Fuel tanks/rear protective devices
6.
Directive 70/387/EEC
Door latches and hinges
8.
Directive 2003/97/EC
Indirect vision devices
12.
Directive 74/60/EEC
Interior fittings
16.
Directive 74/483/EEC
Exterior projections
20.
Directive 76/756/EEC
Installation of lighting and light signalling devices
27.
Directive 77/389/EEC
Towing hooks
32.
Directive 77/649/EEC
Forward vision
35.
Directive 78/318/EEC
Wash/wipe
37.
Directive 78/549/EEC
Wheel guards
42.
Directive 89/297/EEC
Lateral protection
49.
Directive 92/114/EEC
External projections of cabs
50.
Directive 94/20/EC
Couplings
52.
Directive 2001/85/EC
Buses and coaches
57.
Directive 2000/40/EC
Front underrun protection
Appendix 1
General conditions required from virtual testing methods
1.
Virtual test pattern
The following scheme shall be used as basis structure for describing and conducting virtual testing:
(a)
purpose;
(b)
structure model;
(c)
boundary conditions;
(d)
load assumptions;
(e)
calculation;
(f)
assessment;
(g)
documentation.
2.
Fundamentals of computer simulation and calculation
2.1.
Mathematical model
The mathematical model shall be supplied by the manufacturer. It shall reflect the complexity of the structure of the vehicle, system and components to be tested in relation to the requirements of the regulatory act and its boundary conditions.
The same provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis for testing components or technical units independently from the vehicle.
2.2.
Validation process of the mathematical model
The mathematical model shall be validated in comparison with the actual test conditions.
To that effect a physical test shall be conducted for the purposes of comparing the results obtained when using the mathematical model with the results of a physical test. Comparability of the test results shall be proven. A validation report shall be drafted by the manufacturer or by the technical service and submitted to the approval authority.
Any change made to the mathematical model or to the software likely to invalidate the validation report shall be brought to the attention of the approval authority which may require that a new validation process is conducted.
The flow chart of the validation process is shown in Appendix 3.
2.3.
Documentation
The data and auxiliary tools used for the simulation and calculation shall be made available by the manufacturer and be documented in a suitable way.
3.
Tools and support
At the request of the technical service, the manufacturer shall supply or provide access to the necessary tools including appropriate software.
In addition he shall provide appropriate support to the technical service.
Providing access and support to a technical service does not remove any obligation of the technical service regarding the skills of its personnel, the payment of licence rights and respect of confidentiality.
Appendix 2
Specific conditions concerning virtual testing methods
1.
List of regulatory acts
Regulatory act reference
Annex and paragraph
Specific conditions
3.
Directive 70/221/EEC
Annex II (Rear underrun protection)
Point 5.4.5.
6.
Directive 70/387/EEC
Annex II
Point 4.3.
8.
Directive 2003/97/EC
Annex III
All provisions in Sections 3, 4 and 5.
Prescribed fields of vision of rear-view mirrors.
12.
Directive 74/60/EEC
Annex I
All provisions in Section 5 (Specifications).
Measurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.
Annex II
Determination of the head-impact zone.
16.
Directive 74/483/EEC
Annex I
All provisions in Section 5 (General specifications) and Section 6 (Particular specifications).
Measurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.
20.
Directive 76/756/EEC
Section 6 (Individual specifications) of UNECE Regulation No 48.
The test drive provided for in Point 6.22.9.2.2 shall be performed on a real vehicle.
Provisions of Annexes 4, 5 and 6 to UNECE Regulation No 48.
27.
Directive 77/389/EEC
Annex II, Section 2
32.
Directive 77/649/EEC
Section 5 (Specifications) of Annex I.
35.
Directive 78/318/EEC
Annex I
Point 5.1.2. Measurement of the swept area only.
37.
Directive 78/549/EEC
Section 2 (Special requirements) of Annex I
42.
Directive 89/297/EEC
Annex I Point 2.8.
Resistance under a horizontal force and deflection measurement.
49.
Directive 92/114/EEC
Annex I
All provisions in Section 4 (Specific requirements).
Regarding N1 vehicles, the provisions referred to in item 16 of this Appendix shall apply.
Measurement of all radii of curvature and of all projections except for those requirements where a force has to be applied in order to check compliance with the provisions.
50.
Directive 94/20/EC
Annex V “Requirements for mechanical coupling Devices”
All provisions of Sections 1 to 8 included.
Annex VI Point 1.1.
Strength tests on mechanicals couplings of simple design may be replaced by virtual tests.
Section 4 of Annex VI “Testing of mechanical coupling devices”
Points 4.5.1. (Strength test), 4.5.2. (Resistance to buckling) and 4.5.3. (Resistance to bending moment) only.
52.
Directive 2001/85/EC
Annex I
Point 7.4.5. Stability test under the conditions specified in the Appendix to Annex I.
Annex IV Strength of superstructure
Appendix 4 — Verification of strength of the superstructure by calculation.
57.
Directive 2000/40/EC
Section 3 of Annex 5 to UNECE Regulation 93.
Resistance under a horizontal force and deflection measurement.
