Division BAT 40 In order to reduce fresh water use, waste water flow, and the pollution load, BAT is to use a suitable combination of the techniques specified in BAT 13, BAT 14, BAT 15 and BAT 16 and of the techniques given below.
United Kingdom
| Technique | Description | Applicability | |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | Counter-current flow of process water and separation of water systems. | See Section 1.7.2.1 | Generally applicable |
| b | High consistency bleaching. | ||
| c | Washing stage before the refining of softwood mechanical pulp using chip pre-treatment. | ||
| d | Substitution of NaOH by Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 as alkali in peroxide bleaching. | Applicability for the highest brightness levels may be restricted | |
| e | Fibre and filler recovery and treatment of white water (papermaking). | Generally applicable | |
| f | Optimum design and construction of tanks and chests (papermaking). |