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Appendix 3

United Kingdom

Original text. Later amendments are not shown.

Validation of PEMS and non-traceable exhaust mass flow rate

1.

INTRODUCTION

This appendix describes the requirements to validate under transient conditions the functionality of the installed PEMS as well as the correctness of the exhaust mass flow rate obtained from non-traceable exhaust mass flow meters or calculated from ECU signals.

2.

SYMBOLS, PARAMETERS AND UNITS

%

  • per cent

    • #/km

  • number per kilometre

    • a0

  • y intercept of the regression line

    • a1

  • slope of the regression line

    • g/km

  • gramme per kilometre

    • Hz

  • hertz

    • km

  • kilometre

    • m

  • metre

    • mg/km

  • milligramme per kilometre

    • r2

  • coefficient of determination

    • x

  • actual value of the reference signal

    • y

  • actual value of the signal under validation

    • 3.

    VALIDATION PROCEDURE FOR PEMS

    3.1.

    Frequency of PEMS validation

    It is recommended to validate the installed PEMS once for each PEMS-vehicle combination either before the RDE test or, alternatively, after the completion of the test.

    3.2.

    PEMS validation procedure

    3.2.1.

    PEMS installation

    The PEMS shall be installed and prepared according to the requirements of Appendix 1. The PEMS installation shall be kept unchanged in the time period between the validation and the RDE test.

    F13.2.2.

    Test conditions

    The validation test shall be conducted on a chassis dynamometer, as far as possible, under type approval conditions by following the requirements of Annex XXI to this Regulation. It is recommended to feed the exhaust flow extracted by the PEMS during the validation test back to the CVS. If this is not feasible, the CVS results shall be corrected for the extracted exhaust mass. If the exhaust mass flow rate is validated with an exhaust mass flow meter, it is recommended to cross-check the mass flow rate measurements with data obtained from a sensor or the ECU.

    3.2.3.

    Data analysis

    The total distance-specific emissions [g/km] measured with laboratory equipment shall be calculated in accordance to Sub-Annex 7 of Annex XXI. The emissions as measured with the PEMS shall be calculated in accordance with point 9 of Appendix 4, summed to give the total mass of pollutant emissions [g] and then divided by the test distance [km] as obtained from the chassis dynamometer. The total distance-specific mass of pollutants [g/km], as determined by the PEMS and the reference laboratory system, shall be evaluated against the requirements specified in point 3.3. For the validation of NOX emission measurements, humidity correction shall be applied in accordance with Sub-Annex 7 of Annex XXI to this Regulation.

    3.3.

    Permissible tolerances for PEMS validation

    The PEMS validation results shall fulfil the requirements given in Table 1. If any permissible tolerance is not met, corrective action shall be taken and the PEMS validation shall be repeated.

    F2Table 1

    Permissible tolerances

    only applicable if vehicle speed is determined by the ECU; to meet the permissible tolerance it is permitted to adjust the ECU vehicle speed measurements based on the outcome of the validation test

    parameter only mandatory if measurement required by point 2.1 of this Annex.

    PMP system.

    Parameter [Unit]Permissible absolute tolerance
    Distance [km]f1250 m of the laboratory reference
    THCf2 [mg/km]15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
    CH4 [mg/km]15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
    NMHC [mg/km]20 mg/km or 20 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
    PN [#/km]1•1011 p/km or 50 % of the laboratory referencef3 whichever is larger
    CO [mg/km]150 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
    CO2 [g/km]10 g/km or 10 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
    NOx [mg/km]15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger

    4.

    VALIDATION PROCEDURE FOR THE EXHAUST MASS FLOW RATE DETERMINED BY NON-TRACEABLE INSTRUMENTS AND SENSORS

    4.1.

    Frequency of validation

    In addition to fulfilling the linearity requirements of point 3 of Appendix 2 under steady-state conditions, the linearity of non-traceable exhaust mass flow meters or the exhaust mass flow rate calculated from non-traceable sensors or ECU signals shall be validated under transient conditions for each test vehicle against a calibrated exhaust mass flow meter or the CVS.

    4.2.

    Validation procedure

    The validation shall be conducted on a chassis dynamometer under type approval conditions, as far as applicable. As reference, a traceably calibrated flow meter shall be used. The ambient temperature can be any within the range specified in point 5.2. of this Annex. The installation of the exhaust mass flow meter and the execution of the test shall fulfil the requirement of point 3.4.3 of Appendix 1 to this Annex.

    4.3.

    Requirements

    The linearity requirements given in Table 2 shall be fulfilled. If any permissible tolerance is not met, corrective action shall be taken and the validation shall be repeated.

    Table 2

    Linearity requirements of calculated and measured exhaust mass flow

    Measurement parameter/systema0Slope a1Standard errorSEECoefficient of determinationr2
    Exhaust mass flow0,0 ± 3,0 kg/h1,00 ± 0,075≤10 % max≥ 0,90

    Annotations

    Textual amendments

    F1

    Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/1832 of 5 November 2018 amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 for the purpose of improving the emission type approval tests and procedures for light passenger and commercial vehicles, including those for in-service conformity and real-driving emissions and introducing devices for monitoring the consumption of fuel and electric energy (Text with EEA relevance).

    F2

    Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1154 of 7 June 2017 amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 supplementing Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards real-driving emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) (Text with EEA relevance).

    Footnotes

    f1

    only applicable if vehicle speed is determined by the ECU; to meet the permissible tolerance it is permitted to adjust the ECU vehicle speed measurements based on the outcome of the validation test

    f2

    parameter only mandatory if measurement required by point 2.1 of this Annex.

    f3

    PMP system.