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Section 17 Minimum pensions for widows and widowers.I1E1

England and Wales

Changes not yet applied. Later legislation changes this provision in ways not yet written into the text below:

(1)

Subject to the provisions of this Part, the scheme must provide that if the earner dies leaving a F1widow, widower or surviving civil partner (whether before or after attaining pensionable age), the widow, widower or surviving civil partner will be entitled to a guaranteed minimum pension under the scheme.

F2(1A)

But a scheme may be amended so as to omit provision of the kind specified in subsection (1) if the conditions specified in section 24B are satisfied.

(2)

The scheme must contain a rule to the effect that—

(a)

if the earner is a man F3, or a woman in a relevant gender change case, who has a guaranteed minimum under section 14, the weekly rate of the widow’s pension will be not less than the widow’s guaranteed minimum;

(b)

if the earner is a woman who has a guaranteed minimum under that section, the weekly rate of the widower’s pension will be not less than the widower’s guaranteed minimum;

F4(c)

if the earner is a person who has a guaranteed minimum under that section, the weekly rate of the surviving civil partner’s pension will not be less than the surviving civil partner’s guaranteed minimum;

F5(d)

if the earner is a man who has a guaranteed minimum under that section, the weekly rate of the widower's pension will not be less than the surviving same sex spouse's guaranteed minimum;

(e)

if the earner is a woman (other than in a relevant gender change case) who has a guaranteed minimum under that section, the weekly rate of the widow's pension will not be less than the surviving same sex spouse's guaranteed minimum.

(3)

The widow’s guaranteed minimum shall be half that of the earner.

(4)

The widower’s F6or surviving civil partner's F7or surviving same sex spouse's guaranteed minimum shall be one-half of that part of the earner’s guaranteed minimum which is attributable to earnings factors for the tax year 1988-89 and subsequent tax years.

F8(4A)

F9Subject to subsection (4B) the scheme must provide for the F10widow's, widower’s or surviving civil partner's pension to be payable to the F11widow, widower or surviving civil partner—

(a)

for any period for which a Category B retirement pension is payable to the widow, widower or surviving civil partner by virtue of the earner’s contributions or would be so payable but for section 43(1) of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 (persons entitled to more than one retirement pension);

(F12aa)

for life, in a case where—

(i)

the widow, widower or surviving civil partner attained state pension age on or after the second abolition date, and

(ii)

the earner died on or after the date on which the widow, widower or surviving civil partner attained state pension age;

(ab)

for any period after the widow, widower or surviving civil partner has attained state pension age, in a case where—

(i)

the earner died before the widow, widower or surviving civil partner attained state pension age,

(ii)

the widow, widower or surviving civil partner did not marry or form a civil partnership after the death and before attaining state pension age, and

(iii)

the widow, widower or surviving civil partner attained state pension age on or after the second abolition date;

(b)

for any period for which widowed parent’s allowance or bereavement allowance is payable to the widow, widower or surviving civil partner by virtue of the earner’s contributions; and

(c)

in the case of a widow, widower or surviving civil partner whose entitlement by virtue of the earner’s contributions to a widowed parent’s allowance or bereavement allowance has come to an end at a time after the widow, widower or surviving civil partner attained the age of 45, for so much of the period beginning with the time when the entitlement came to an end as neither—

(F13i)

comprises a period during which the widow, widower or surviving civil partner and F14another person are living together F15as if they were a married couple or civil partners; nor

(ii)

falls after the time of any—

(a)

marriage; or

(b)

formation of a civil partnership,

by the widow or widower or surviving civil partner which takes place after the earner’s death.

F16(4B)

Sub-paragraphs (i)(b) and (ii)(b) of subsection (4A)(c) do not apply where the earner dies before 5th December 2005.

(5)

F17In the case of a woman who is the widow of a man, the scheme F18must also make provision for the widow’s pension to be payable to her for any period for which a F19... widowed mother’s allowance or widow’s pension is payable to her by virtue of the earner’s contributions....

(6)

F20In any other case, the scheme F21must also make provision for the F22widower’s F23, widow's or surviving civil partner’s pension to be payable in the prescribed circumstances and for the prescribed period.

(7)

The trustees or managers of the scheme shall supply to the F24Inland Revenue any such information as the Inland Revenue may require relating to the payment of pensions under the scheme to F25widows, widowers or surviving civil partners.

F26(8)

Where—

(a)

a lump sum is paid to an earner under provisions included in a scheme by virtue of section 21(1), and

(b)

those provisions are of a prescribed description,

the earner shall be treated for the purposes of this section as having any guaranteed minimum under section 14 that he would have had but for that payment.

F27(9)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F28(9A)

For the purposes of subsection (4A)(aa) and (ab) a person attains state pension age when he or she attains pensionable age within the meaning given by the rules in paragraph 1 of Schedule 4 to the Pensions Act 1995.

F29(10)

In relation to an earner who is a woman, a reference in this section to a relevant gender change case is a reference to a case where—

(a)

the earner is a woman by virtue of a full gender recognition certificate having been issued under the Gender Recognition Act 2004, and

(b)

the marriage of the earner and her widow (that ends with the earner's death) subsisted before the time when the certificate was issued.

C1(11)

This section is subject to regulations under section 38A.

Annotations

Textual amendments

F1

Words in s. 17(1) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(a)

F2

S. 17(1A) inserted (1.3.2009 for specified purposes, 6.4.2009 in so far as not already in force) by Pensions Act 2007 (c. 22), ss. 14(2), 30(2)(a); S.I. 2009/406, art. 2(a)(b)

F3

Words in s. 17(2)(a) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(2)(a); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F4

S. 17(2)(c) added (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(b)

F5

S. 17(2)(d)(e) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(2)(b); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F6

Words in s. 17(4) inserted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(c)

F7

Words in s. 17(4) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(3); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F8

S. 17(4A) inserted (1.1.2001) by Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000 (c. 19), s. 86(1)(b)(2), Sch. 5 para. 1(1) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2000/3166, art. 2(3)(b)(i)

F9

Words in s. 17(4A) inserted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(d)(i)

F10

Words in s. 17(4A) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(d)(ii)

F11

Words in s. 17(4A) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(d)(iii)

F12

S.17(4A)(aa)(ab) inserted (6.4.2016) by Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 17(2)

F13

S. 17(4A)(c)(i)(ii) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(d)(iv)

F14

Words in s. 17(4A)(c)(i) substituted (E.W.) (13.3.2014) by The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (Consequential and Contrary Provisions and Scotland) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/560), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 25(a)

F15

Words in s. 17(4A)(c)(i) substituted (2.12.2019) by The Civil Partnership (Opposite-sex Couples) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1458), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 17

F16

S. 17(4B) inserted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(e)

F17

Words in s. 17(5) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(4); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F18

Words in s. 17(5) substituted (1.1.2001) by Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000 (c. 19), s. 86(1)(b)(2), Sch. 5 para. 1(2)(a) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2000/3166, art. 2(3)(b)(i)

F19

Words in s. 17(5) repealed (1.1.2001) by Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000 (c. 19), s. 86(1)(b)(2), Sch. 5 para. 1(2)(b), Sch. 9 Pt. III(4) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2000/3166, art. 2(3)(b)(i)

F20

Words in s. 17(6) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(5)(a); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F21

Words in s. 17(6) substituted (1.1.2001) by Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000 (c. 19), s. 86(1)(b)(2), Sch. 5 para. 1(3) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2000/3166, art. 2(3)(b)(i)

F22

Words in s. 17(6) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(f)

F23

Word in s. 17(6) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(5)(b); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

F24

Words in s. 17(7) substituted (25.2.1999 for specified purposes, 1.4.1999 in so far as not already in force) by Social Security Contributions (Transfer of Functions, etc.) Act 1999 (c. 2), s. 28(2)(a), Sch. 1 para. 39; S.I. 1999/527, art. 2(b), Sch. 2 (with arts. 3-6)

F25

Words in s. 17(7) substituted (26.7.2005 for specified purposes, 5.12.2005 in so far as not already in force) by The Civil Partnership (Contracted-out Occupational and Appropriate Personal Pension Schemes) (Surviving Civil Partners) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2050), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 4(g)

F26

S. 17(8) inserted (1.7.2005 for specified purposes, 6.4.2006 in so far as not already in force) by Pensions Act 2004 (c. 35), ss. 284(2), 322(1) (with s. 313); S.I. 2005/1720, art. 2(15)(a)(b), Sch. Pt. 2

F27

S. 17(9) omitted (E.W.) (13.3.2014) by virtue of The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (Consequential and Contrary Provisions and Scotland) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/560), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 25(b)

F28

S. 17(9A) inserted (6.4.2016) by Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 17(3)

F29

S. 17(10)(11) inserted (E.W.) (13.3.2014 for specified purposes, 10.12.2014 in so far as not already in force) by Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 (c. 30), s. 21(3), Sch. 4 para. 20(6); S.I. 2014/93, art. 3(j)(vi)

Modifications

C1

S. 17(11) extended (S.) (16.11.2015) by Pension Schemes Act 2015 (c. 8), ss. 81, 89(1)(d) (with s. 87); S.I. 2015/1851, reg. 2(b)

Commencement

I1

Ss. 1-187 in force at 7.2.1994 by S.I. 1994/86, art. 2

Extent

E1

This version of this provision extends to England and Wales only; a separate version has been created for Scotland only

Notes on Part III

Textual amendments

F1

Words in Pt. 3 heading omitted (6.4.2016) by virtue of Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 3(b)

F2

Words in Pt. 3 heading substituted (6.4.2016) by Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 3(a)

Modifications

C1

Pt. III power to modify conferred by Social Security Administration Act 1992 (c. 5), s. 148 (as read with Pensions Act 1995 (c. 26), ss. 128(3)(4), 180(2) (with s. 128(5)(6)); Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000 (c. 19), ss. 33(2)-(4), 86(1)(b)(2))

C2

Pt. III: power to modify conferred (1.6.1996 for specified purposes, 6.4.1997 in so far as not already in force) by Pensions Act 1995 (c. 26), ss. 149(1), 180(1); S.I. 1996/778, art. 2(6); S.I. 1997/664, art. 2(3), Sch. Pt. 2

C3

Pt. III applied (with modifications) (6.4.1997) by The Occupational Pension Schemes (Mixed Benefit Contracted-out Schemes) Regulations 1996 (S.I. 1996/1977), regs. 1(1), 2(4)(a)-(f)

C4

Pt. III: power to transfer functions conferred (1.4.1999) by Social Security Contributions (Transfer of Functions, etc.) Act 1999 (c. 2), ss. 23, 28(3); S.I. 1999/527, art. 2(b), Sch. 2 (with arts. 3-6)

C5

Pt. 3 modified (24.7.2014) by The Pensions Act 2011 (Transitional, Consequential and Supplementary Provisions) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1711), regs. 1(1), 7(2); S.I. 2014/1683, art. 2

Notes on Chapter I

Textual amendments

F1

Pt. 3 Ch. 1 heading substituted (6.4.2016) by Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 4

Notes on Guaranteed minimum pensions

Textual amendments

F1

S. 13 cross-heading substituted (6.4.2016) by Pensions Act 2014 (c. 19), s. 56(4), Sch. 13 para. 12