Commission Regulation (EU) No 283/2013 of 1 March 2013 setting out the data requirements for active substances, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market (Text with EEA relevance)
EU Regulation No 283/2013 · Adopted 1 March 2013 · Extends to United Kingdom
Commission Regulation (EU) No 283/2013
of 1 March 2013
setting out the data requirements for active substances, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EECf1, and in particular Article 78(1)(b) thereof,
Whereas:
(1)
In accordance with Article 8(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, Commission Regulation (EU) No 544/2011 of 10 June 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the data requirements for active substancesf2 was adopted. It contains the requirements for the dossiers to be submitted for the approval of active substances, as set out in Annex II to Council Directive 91/414/EEC of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the marketf3.
(2)
It is necessary to modify the data requirements concerning chemical substances in order to take into account current scientific and technical knowledge.
(3)
More detailed information for the implementation of the data requirements is laid down in relevant guidance documents.
(4)
Regulation (EU) No 544/2011 should therefore be repealed.
(5)
A reasonable period should be allowed to elapse before the modified data requirements become applicable in order to permit applicants to prepare themselves to meet those requirements.
(6)
In order to permit Member States and the interested parties to prepare themselves to meet the new requirements, it is appropriate to lay down transitional measures concerning data submitted for applications for the approval, renewal of approval or amendment to the conditions of approval of active substances and data submitted for applications for authorisation, renewal of authorisation and amendment to the authorisation of plant protection products.
(7)
These transitional measures are without prejudice to Article 80 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.
(8)
The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and neither the European Parliament nor the Council has opposed them,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Annotations to the whole text
Footnotes
Contents
- 1Data requirements for active substances
- 2Repeal Repealed
- 3Transitional measures as regards procedures concerning active substances Repealed
- 4Transitional measures as regards procedures concerning plant protection products Repealed
- 5Entry into force and date of application Repealed
- Signature
- Annex
- Information to be submitted, its generation and its presentation
- 1Division 1
- 1.1Division 1.1
- 1.2Division 1.2
- 1.3Division 1.3
- 1.4Division 1.4
- 1.5The information shall include a full and unbiased report of the studies conducted as well as a full description of them. Such information shall not be required, where one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
- 1.6The simultaneous use of the active substance as a biocide or in veterinary medicine shall be reported.
- 1.7Division 1.7
- 1.8Division 1.8
- 1.9Division 1.9
- 1.10Division 1.10
- 1.11The information on the active substance, taken together with the information concerning one or more plant protection products containing the active substance and together, if appropriate, with the information concerning safeners and synergists and other components of the plant protection product, shall be sufficient to:
- 1.12Division 1.12
- 1.13Division 1.13
- 1.14Division 1.14
- 2Division 2
- Good laboratory practice (GLP)
- 3.1Division 3.1
- 3.2By way of derogation from point 3.1:
- Test material
- 4.1Division 4.1
- 4.2Division 4.2
- 4.3Division 4.3
- 4.4Division 4.4
- 4.5Division 4.5
- 4.6Division 4.6
- Tests on vertebrate animals
- 5.1Division 5.1
- 5.2Division 5.2
- 5.3Division 5.3
- 5.4Division 5.4
- 6Division 6
- Part A: CHEMICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
- 1Identity of the active substance
- 1.1Applicant
- 1.2Producer
- 1.3Common name proposed or ISO-accepted, and synonyms
- 1.4Chemical name (IUPAC and CA nomenclature)
- 1.4.1Division 1.4.1
- 1.5Producer's development code numbers
- 1.6CAS, EC and CIPAC numbers
- 1.7Molecular and structural formula, molar mass
- 1.8Method of manufacture (synthesis pathway) of the active substance
- 1.9Specification of purity of the active substance in g/kg
- 1.10Identity and content of additives (such as stabilisers) and impurities
- 1.10.1Additives
- 1.10.2Significant impurities
- 1.10.3Relevant impurities
- 1.11Analytical profile of batches
- Physical and chemical properties of the active substance
- 2.1Melting point and boiling point
- 2.2Vapour pressure, volatility
- 2.3Appearance (physical state, colour)
- 2.4Spectra (UV/VIS, IR, NMR, MS), molar extinction at relevant wavelengths, optical purity
- 2.5Solubility in water
- 2.6Solubility in organic solvents
- 2.7Partition coefficient n-octanol/water
- 2.8Dissociation in water
- 2.9Flammability and self-heating
- 2.10Flash point
- 2.11Explosive properties
- 2.12Surface tension
- 2.13Oxidising properties
- 2.14Other studies
- Further information on the active substance
- 3.1Use of the active substance
- 3.2Function
- 3.3Effects on harmful organisms
- 3.4Field of use envisaged
- 3.5Harmful organisms controlled and crops or products protected or treated
- 3.6Mode of action
- 3.7Information on the occurrence or possible occurrence of the development of resistance and appropriate management strategies
- 3.8Methods and precautions concerning handling, storage, transport or fire
- 3.9Procedures for destruction or decontamination
- 3.10Emergency measures in case of an accident
- Analytical methods
- Introduction
- Methods used for the generation of pre-approval data
- 4.1.1Methods for the analysis of the active substance as manufactured
- 4.1.2Methods for risk assessment
- 4.2Methods for post-approval control and monitoring purposes
- Toxicological and metabolism studies
- Introduction
- 1Division 1
- 2All potentially adverse effects found during toxicological investigations (including effects on organs/systems such as the immune system, the nervous system, or the endocrine system) shall be reported. Additional studies may be necessary to investigate the mechanisms underlying effects that could be critical to hazard identification or risk assessment.
- 3Division 3
- 4Division 4
- 5Division 5
- 6Division 6
- 7Where, as a result of metabolism or other processes in or on treated plants, in livestock, in soil, in ground water, open air, or as a result of processing of treated products, the terminal residue to which humans will be exposed contains a substance which is not the active substance itself and is not identified as a significant metabolite in mammals, toxicity studies shall, where technically possible, be carried out on that substance unless it can be demonstrated that human exposure to that substance does not constitute a relevant risk to health.
- 8Division 8
- 9Division 9
- 5.1Studies on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion in mammals
- 5.1.1Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion after exposure by oral route
- 5.1.2Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion after exposure by other routes
- 5.2Acute toxicity
- Oral
- Circumstances in which required
- Dermal
- Circumstances in which required
- Inhalation
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.4Skin irritation
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.5Eye irritation
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.6Skin sensitisation
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.7Phototoxicity
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.3Short-term toxicity
- Oral 28-day study
- Circumstances in which required
- Oral 90-day study
- Circumstances in which required
- Other routes
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.4Genotoxicity testing
- In vitro studies
- Circumstances in which required
- In vivo studies in somatic cells
- Circumstances in which required
- In vivo studies in germ cells
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.5Long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 5.6Reproductive toxicity
- 5.6.1Generational studies
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.6.2Developmental toxicity studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Neurotoxicity studies
- 5.7.1Neurotoxicity studies in rodents
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.7.2Delayed polyneuropathy studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Other toxicological studies
- 5.8.1Toxicity studies of metabolites
- 5.8.2Supplementary studies on the active substance
- 5.8.3Endocrine disrupting properties
- 5.9Medical data
- 5.9.1Medical surveillance on manufacturing plant personnel and monitoring studies
- 5.9.2Data collected on humans
- 5.9.3Direct observations
- 5.9.4Epidemiological studies
- 5.9.5Diagnosis of poisoning (determination of active substance, metabolites), specific signs of poisoning, clinical tests
- 5.9.6Proposed treatment: first aid measures, antidotes, medical treatment
- 5.9.7Expected effects of poisoning
- Residues in or on treated products, food and feed
- 6.1Storage stability of residues
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 6.2Metabolism, distribution and expression of residues
- Plants
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Poultry
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Lactating ruminants
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Pigs
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Fish
- Circumstances in which required
- 6.3Magnitude of residue trials in plants
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 6.4Feeding studies
- Circumstances in which required
- 6.4.1Poultry
- 6.4.2Ruminants
- 6.4.3Pigs
- 6.4.4Fish
- Effects of processing
- 6.5.1Nature of the residue
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 6.5.2Distribution of the residue in inedible peel and pulp
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 6.5.3Magnitude of residues in processed commodities
- Circumstances in which required
- Industrial processing
- Domestic processing
- Test conditions
- 6.6Residues in rotational crops
- 6.6.1Metabolism in rotational crops
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 6.6.2Magnitude of residues in rotational crops
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Proposed residue definitions and maximum residue levels
- 6.7.1Proposed residue definitions
- 6.7.2Proposed maximum residue levels (MRLs) and justification of the acceptability of the levels proposed
- 6.7.3Proposed maximum residue levels (MRLs) and justification of the acceptability of the levels proposed for imported products (import tolerance)
- 6.8Proposed safety intervals
- 6.9Estimation of the potential and actual exposure through diet and other sources
- Other studies
- 6.10.1Residue level in pollen and bee products
- Fate and behaviour in the environment
- 7.1Fate and behaviour in soil
- 7.1.1Route of degradation in soil
- Aerobic degradation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Anaerobic degradation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Soil photolysis
- Circumstances in which required
- Rate of degradation in soil
- 7.1.2.1Laboratory studies
- Aerobic degradation of the active substance
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Aerobic degradation of metabolites, breakdown and reaction products
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Anaerobic degradation of the active substance
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Anaerobic degradation of metabolites, breakdown and reaction products
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Field studies
- 7.1.2.2.1Soil dissipation studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.1.2.2.2Soil accumulation studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Adsorption and desorption in soil
- 7.1.3.1Adsorption and desorption
- Adsorption and desorption of the active substance
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Adsorption and desorption of metabolites, breakdown and reaction products
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.1.3.2Aged sorption
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Mobility in soil
- Column leaching studies
- 7.1.4.1.1Column leaching of the active substance
- Circumstances in which required
- 7.1.4.1.2Column leaching of metabolites, breakdown and reaction products
- Circumstances in which required
- 7.1.4.2Lysimeter studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.1.4.3Field leaching studies
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.2Fate and behaviour in water and sediment
- 7.2.1Route and rate of degradation in aquatic systems (chemical and photochemical degradation)
- Hydrolytic degradation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Direct photochemical degradation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Indirect photochemical degradation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Route and rate of biological degradation in aquatic systems
- ‘Ready biodegradability’
- Circumstances in which required
- 7.2.2.2Aerobic mineralisation in surface water
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.2.2.3Water/sediment study
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.2.2.4Irradiated water/sediment study
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 7.2.3Degradation in the saturated zone
- Fate and behaviour in air
- 7.3.1Route and rate of degradation in air
- 7.3.2Transport via air
- Circumstances in which required
- 7.3.3Local and global effects
- Definition of the residue
- 7.4.1Definition of the residue for risk assessment
- 7.4.2Definition of the residue for monitoring
- 7.5Monitoring data
- Ecotoxicological studies
- Introduction
- 1Division 1
- 2Division 2
- 3It may be necessary to conduct separate studies for metabolites, breakdown or reaction products derived from the active substance where non-target organisms may be exposed and where their effects cannot be evaluated by the available results relating to the active substance. Before such studies are performed, the applicant shall take into account the information from Sections 5, 6 and 7.
- 4Division 4
- 5Division 5
- 6For those guidelines which allow for the study to be designed to determine an effective concentration (ECx), the study shall be conducted to determine an EC10, EC20 and EC50, when required, along with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals. If an ECx approach is used, a no observed effect concentration (NOEC) shall still be determined.
- 7Division 7
- 8Division 8
- 9Division 9
- 10Division 10
- 8.1Effects on birds and other terrestrial vertebrates
- Effects on birds
- 8.1.1.1Acute oral toxicity to birds
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.1.1.2Short-term dietary toxicity to birds
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.1.1.3Sub-chronic and reproductive toxicity to birds
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.1.2Effects on terrestrial vertebrates other than birds
- 8.1.2.1Acute oral toxicity to mammals
- Circumstances in which required
- Long-term and reproductive toxicity to mammals
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.1.3Active substance bioconcentration in prey of birds and mammals
- 8.1.4Effects on terrestrial vertebrate wildlife (birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians)
- 8.1.5Endocrine disrupting properties
- 8.2Effects on aquatic organisms
- 8.2.1Acute toxicity to fish
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Long-term and chronic toxicity to fish
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.2.2.1Fish early life stage toxicity test
- 8.2.2.2Fish full life cycle test
- Test conditions
- 8.2.2.3Bioconcentration in fish
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.2.3Endocrine disrupting properties
- Acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.2.4.1Acute toxicity to Daphnia magna
- Test conditions
- 8.2.4.2Acute toxicity to an additional aquatic invertebrate species
- Test conditions
- Long-term and chronic toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.2.5.1Reproductive and development toxicity to Daphnia magna
- 8.2.5.2Reproductive and development toxicity to an additional aquatic invertebrate species
- 8.2.5.3Development and emergence in Chironomus riparius
- Test conditions
- 8.2.5.4Sediment dwelling organisms
- Test conditions
- Effects on algal growth
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.2.6.1Effects on growth of green algae
- Test conditions
- 8.2.6.2Effects on growth of an additional algal species
- Test conditions
- 8.2.7Effects on aquatic macrophytes
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.2.8Further testing on aquatic organisms
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Effect on arthropods
- 8.3.1Effects on bees
- 8.3.1.1Acute toxicity to bees
- 8.3.1.1.1Acute oral toxicity
- Test conditions
- 8.3.1.1.2Acute contact toxicity
- Test conditions
- 8.3.1.2Chronic toxicity to bees
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.3.1.3Effects on honeybee development and other honeybee life stages
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.3.1.4Sub-lethal effects
- Effects on non-target arthropods other than bees
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.3.2.1Effects on Aphidius rhopalosiphi
- Test conditions
- 8.3.2.2Effects on Typhlodromus pyri
- Test conditions
- Effects on non-target soil meso- and macrofauna
- 8.4.1Earthworm — sub-lethal effects
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Effects on non-target soil meso- and macrofauna (other than earthworms)
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.4.2.1Species level testing
- Test conditions
- 8.5Effects on soil nitrogen transformation
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- Effects on terrestrial non-target higher plants
- 8.6.1Summary of screening data
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.6.2Testing on non-target plants
- Circumstances in which required
- Test conditions
- 8.7Effects on other terrestrial organisms (flora and fauna)
- 8.8Effects on biological methods for sewage treatment
- Circumstances in which required
- 8.9Monitoring data
- 9Literature data
- 10Classification and labelling
- Part B: MICRO-ORGANISMS INCLUDING VIRUSES
- Introduction
- (i)Active substances are defined in Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 and include chemical substances and micro-organisms including viruses.
- (ii)For all micro-organisms that are subject to application all available relevant knowledge and information in literature should be provided.
- (iii)Division (iii)
- (iv)Where testing is done, a detailed description (specification) of the material used and its impurities, in accordance with point 1.4, must be provided. The material used shall be of that specification that will be used in the manufacture of preparations to be authorised.
- (v)Division (v)
- (vi)Division (vi)
- (vii)In the case of studies in which dosing extends over a period, dosing shall preferably be done using a single batch of the micro-organism, if stability permits.
- (viii)Division (viii)
- 1IDENTITY OF THE MICRO-ORGANISM
- 1.1Applicant
- 1.2Producer
- Name and species description, strain characterisation
- (i)Division (i)
- (ii)Each micro-organism that is subject to the application shall be identified and named at the species level. The scientific name and taxonomic grouping, i.e. family, genus, species, strain, serotype, pathovar or any other denomination relevant to the micro-organism, must be stated.
- (iii)Division (iii)
- (iv)Division (iv)
- (v)Division (v)
- Specification of the material used for manufacturing of formulated products
- 1.4.1Content of the micro-organism
- 1.4.2Identity and content of impurities, additives, contaminating micro-organisms
- 1.4.3Analytical profile of batches
- BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MICRO-ORGANISM
- 2.1History of the micro-organism and its uses. Natural occurrence and geographical distribution
- 2.1.1Historical background
- 2.1.2Origin and natural occurrence
- Information on target organism(s)
- 2.2.1Description of the target organism(s)
- 2.2.2Mode of action
- 2.3Host specificity range and effects on species other than the target harmful organism
- 2.4Development stages/life cycle of the micro-organism
- 2.5Infectiveness, dispersal and colonisation ability
- 2.6Relationships to known plant or animal or human pathogens
- 2.7Genetic stability and factors affecting it
- 2.8Information on the production of metabolites (especially toxins)
- 2.9Antibiotics and other anti-microbial agents
- FURTHER INFORMATION ON THE MICRO-ORGANISM
- Introduction
- (i)Division (i)
- (ii)Division (ii)
- (iii)Division (iii)
- (iv)Division (iv)
- 3.1Function
- 3.2Field of use envisaged
- 3.3Crops or products protected or treated
- 3.4Method of production and quality control
- 3.5Information on the occurrence or possible occurrence of the development of resistance of the target organism(s)
- 3.6Methods to prevent loss of virulence of seed stock of the micro-organism
- 3.7Recommended methods and precautions concerning handling, storage, transport or fire
- 3.8Procedures for destruction or decontamination
- 3.9Measures in case of an accident
- ANALYTICAL METHODS
- Introduction
- 4.1Methods for the analysis of the micro-organism as manufactured
- 4.2Methods to determine and quantify residues (viable or non-viable)
- EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH
- Introduction
- (i)Division (i)
- (ii)The information provided, taken together with that provided for one or more preparations containing the micro-organism, must be sufficient to permit an evaluation to be made as to the risks for man, directly and/or indirectly associated with the handling and use of plant protection products containing the micro-organism, and the risk for man handling treated products, and the risk for man arising from residual traces or contaminants remaining in food and water. In addition, the information provided must be sufficient to:
- (iii)Division (iii)
- (iv)Division (iv)
- (v)Division (v)
- TIER I
- 5.1Basic information
- 5.1.1Medical data
- 5.1.2Medical surveillance on manufacturing plant personnel
- 5.1.3Sensitisation/allergenicity observations, if appropriate
- 5.1.4Direct observation, e.g. clinical cases
- 5.2Basic studies
- Sensitisation
- Aim of the test
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.2Acute toxicity, pathogenicity and infectiveness
- Acute oral toxicity, pathogenicity and infectiveness
- Circumstances in which required
- Acute inhalation toxicity, pathogenicity and infectiveness
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.2.3Intraperitoneal/subcutaneous single dose
- Circumstances in which required
- Genotoxicity testing
- Circumstances in which required
- Aim of the test
- Test conditions
- In vitro studies
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.4Cell culture study
- Information on short-term toxicity and pathogenicity
- Aim of the test
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.5.1Health effects after repeated inhalatory exposure
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.2.6Proposed treatment: first aid measures, medical treatment
- TIER II
- 5.3Specific toxicity, pathogenicity and infectiveness studies
- In vivo studies in somatic cells
- Circumstances in which required
- Genotoxicity — In vivo studies in germ cells
- Aim of the test and test conditions
- Circumstances in which required
- 5.6Summary of mammalian toxicity, pathogenicity and infectiveness and overall evaluation
- RESIDUES IN OR ON TREATED PRODUCTS, FOOD AND FEED
- Introduction
- (i)Division (i)
- (ii)In addition, the information provided must be sufficient to:
- (iii)Division (iii)
- 6.1Persistence and likelihood of multiplication in or on crops, feedingstuffs or foodstuffs
- 6.2Further information required
- 6.2.1Non-viable residues
- 6.2.2Viable residues
- Summary and evaluation of residue behaviour resulting from data submitted under points 6.1 and 6.2
- FATE AND BEHAVIOUR IN THE ENVIRONMENT
- Introduction
- (i)Information on the origin, the properties, and the survival of the micro-organism and its residual metabolites as well as its intended use form the basis for an assessment of environmental fate and behaviour.
- (ii)Division (ii)
- (iii)In particular, the information provided shall be sufficient to:
- (iv)Any relevant metabolites (i.e. of concern for human health and/or the environment) formed by the test organism under any relevant environmental conditions shall be characterised. If relevant metabolites are present in or produced by the micro-organism, data as outlined under Section 7 of Part A of this Annex may be required, if all of the following conditions are met:
- (v)Division (v)
- (vi)Division (vi)
- 7.1Persistence and multiplication
- 7.1.1Soil
- 7.1.2Water
- 7.1.3Air
- 7.2Mobility
- EFFECTS ON NON-TARGET ORGANISMS
- Introduction
- (i)The information on identity, biological properties and further information in Sections 1, 2, 3 and 7 is central to the assessment of impact on non-target species. Additional useful information may be found on fate and behaviour in the environment in Section 7 and on residue levels in plants in Section 6 which, together with information on the nature of the preparation and its manner of use, defines the nature and extent of potential exposure. The information submitted in accordance with Section 5 will provide essential information as to effects to mammals and the mechanisms involved.
- (ii)Division (ii)
- (iii)Division (iii)
- (iv)In particular, the information provided for the micro-organism, together with other relevant information, and that provided for one or more preparations containing it, shall be sufficient to:
- (v)Division (v)
- (vi)Division (vi)
- (vii)Division (vii)
- (viii)Division (viii)
- (ix)Division (ix)
- Effects on birds
- Aim of the test
- Effects on aquatic organisms
- Aim of the test
- Effects on fish
- Aim of the test
- Effects on freshwater invertebrates
- Aim of the test
- Effects on algae growth
- Aim of the test
- Effects on plants other than algae
- Aim of the test
- Effects on bees
- Aim of the test
- Effects on arthropods other than bees
- Aim of the test
- Effects on earthworms
- Aim of the test
- 8.6Effects on non-target soil micro-organisms
- 8.7Additional studies
- 9SUMMARY AND EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT