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Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/2117 of 21 November 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the production of large volume organic chemicals (notified under document C(2017) 7469) (Text with EEA relevance)

EU Decision 2017/2117 · Adopted 21 November 2017 · Extends to United Kingdom

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Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/2117

of 21 November 2017

establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the production of large volume organic chemicals

(notified under document C(2017) 7469)

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control)f1, and in particular Article 13(5) thereof,

Whereas:

(1)

Best available techniques (BAT) conclusions are the reference for setting permit conditions for installations covered by Chapter II of Directive 2010/75/EU and competent authorities should set emission limit values which ensure that, under normal operating conditions, emissions do not exceed the emission levels associated with the best available techniques as laid down in the BAT conclusions.

(2)

The forum composed of representatives of Member States, the industries concerned and non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, established by Commission Decision of 16 May 2011f2, provided the Commission on 5 April 2017 with its opinion on the proposed content of the BAT reference document for the production of large volume organic chemicals. That opinion is publicly available.

(3)

The BAT conclusions set out in the Annex to this Decision are the key element of that BAT reference document.

(4)

The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 75(1) of Directive 2010/75/EU,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Annotations to the whole text

Footnotes

f1

OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p. 17.

f2

Commission Decision of 16 May 2011 establishing a forum for the exchange of information pursuant to Article 13 of the Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions (OJ C 146, 17.5.2011, p. 3).

Contents

  1. 1Article 1
  2. 2Application and Interpretation
  3. Signature
  4. Annex: BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES (BAT) CONCLUSIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LARGE VOLUME ORGANIC CHEMICALS
  5. SCOPE
  6. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
  7. Best Available Techniques
  8. Averaging periods and reference conditions for emissions to air
  9. Reference oxygen level
  10. Conversion to reference oxygen level
  11. Averaging periods for emissions to water
  12. Acronyms and definitions
  13. 1GENERAL BAT CONCLUSIONS
  14. Monitoring of emissions to air
  15. BAT 1:BAT is to monitor channelled emissions to air from process furnaces/heaters in accordance with EN standards and with at least the minimum frequency given in the table below. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  16. BAT 2:BAT is to monitor channelled emissions to air other than from process furnaces/heaters in accordance with EN standards and with at least the minimum frequency given in the table below. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  17. Emissions to air
  18. Emissions to air from process furnaces/heaters
  19. BAT 3:In order to reduce emissions to air of CO and unburnt substances from process furnaces/heaters, BAT is to ensure an optimised combustion.
  20. BAT 4:In order to reduce NOX emissions to air from process furnaces/heaters, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  21. BAT 5:In order to prevent or reduce dust emissions to air from process furnaces/heaters, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  22. BAT 6:In order to prevent or reduce SO2 emissions to air from process furnaces/heaters, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  23. Emissions to air from the use of SCR or SNCR
  24. BAT 7:In order to reduce emissions to air of ammonia which is used in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) for the abatement of NOX emissions, BAT is to optimise the design and/or operation of SCR or SNCR (e.g. optimised reagent to NOX ratio, homogeneous reagent distribution and optimum size of the reagent drops).
  25. Emissions to air from other processes/sources
  26. Techniques to reduce emissions from other processes/sources
  27. BAT 8:In order to reduce the load of pollutants sent to the final waste gas treatment, and to increase resource efficiency, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below for process off-gas streams.
  28. BAT 9:In order to reduce the load of pollutants sent to the final waste gas treatment, and to increase energy efficiency, BAT is to send process off-gas streams with a sufficient calorific value to a combustion unit. BAT 8a and 8b have priority over sending process off-gas streams to a combustion unit.
  29. BAT 10:In order to reduce channelled emissions of organic compounds to air, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  30. BAT 11:In order to reduce channelled dust emissions to air, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  31. BAT 12:In order to reduce emissions to air of sulphur dioxide and other acid gases (e.g. HCl), BAT is to use wet scrubbing.
  32. Techniques to reduce emissions from a thermal oxidiser
  33. BAT 13:In order to reduce emissions to air of NOX, CO, and SO2 from a thermal oxidiser, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  34. Emissions to water
  35. BAT 14:Division BAT 14:
  36. Resource efficiency
  37. BAT 15:In order to increase resource efficiency when using catalysts, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  38. BAT 16:In order to increase resource efficiency, BAT is to recover and reuse organic solvents.
  39. Residues
  40. BAT 17:In order to prevent or, where that is not practicable, to reduce the amount of waste being sent for disposal, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  41. Other than normal operating conditions
  42. BAT 18:In order to prevent or reduce emissions from equipment malfunctions, BAT is to use all of the techniques given below.
  43. BAT 19:In order to prevent or reduce emissions to air and water occurring during other than normal operating conditions, BAT is to implement measures commensurate with the relevance of potential pollutant releases for:
  44. 2BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR LOWER OLEFINS PRODUCTION
  45. Emissions to air
  46. 2.1.1BAT-AELs for emissions to air from a lower olefins cracker furnace
  47. Techniques to reduce emissions from decoking
  48. BAT 20:In order to reduce emissions to air of dust and CO from the decoking of the cracker tubes, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques to reduce the frequency of decoking given below and one or a combination of the abatement techniques given below.
  49. Emissions to water
  50. BAT 21:In order to prevent or reduce the amount of organic compounds and waste water discharged to waste water treatment, BAT is to maximise the recovery of hydrocarbons from the quench water of the primary fractionation stage and reuse the quench water in the dilution steam generation system.
  51. BAT 22:In order to reduce the organic load discharged to waste water treatment from the spent caustic scrubber liquor originating from the removal of H2S from the cracked gases, BAT is to use stripping.
  52. BAT 23:In order to prevent or reduce the amount of sulphides discharged to waste water treatment from the spent caustic scrubber liquor originating from the removal of acid gases from the cracked gases, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  53. 3BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR AROMATICS PRODUCTION
  54. Emissions to air
  55. BAT 24:Division BAT 24:
  56. BAT 25:In order to reduce emissions to air of dust and organic compounds from the regeneration of hydrogenation catalyst, BAT is to send the process off-gas from catalyst regeneration to a suitable treatment system.
  57. Emissions to water
  58. BAT 26:Division BAT 26:
  59. BAT 27:In order to reduce the waste water volume and the organic load discharged to waste water treatment, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  60. Resource efficiency
  61. BAT 28:Division BAT 28:
  62. Energy efficiency
  63. BAT 29:In order to use energy efficiently when using distillation, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  64. Residues
  65. BAT 30:In order to prevent or reduce the amount of spent clay being sent for disposal, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  66. 4BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR ETHYLBENZENE AND STYRENE MONOMER PRODUCTION
  67. Process selection
  68. BAT 31:Division BAT 31:
  69. Emissions to air
  70. BAT 32:In order to reduce the load of HCl sent to the final waste gas treatment from the alkylation unit in the AlCl3-catalysed ethylbenzene production process, BAT is to use caustic scrubbing.
  71. BAT 33:In order to reduce the load of dust and HCl sent to the final waste gas treatment from catalyst replacement operations in the AlCl3-catalysed ethylbenzene production process, BAT is to use wet scrubbing and then use the spent scrubbing liquor as wash water in the post-alkylation reactor wash section.
  72. BAT 34:In order to reduce the organic load sent to the final waste gas treatment from the oxidation unit in the SMPO production process, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  73. BAT 35:Division BAT 35:
  74. Emissions to water
  75. BAT 36:In order to reduce waste water generation from ethylbenzene dehydrogenation and to maximise the recovery of organic compounds, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  76. BAT 37:In order to reduce emissions to water of organic peroxides from the oxidation unit in the SMPO production process and to protect the downstream biological waste water treatment plant, BAT is to pretreat waste water containing organic peroxides using hydrolysis before it is combined with other waste water streams and discharged to the final biological treatment.
  77. Resource efficiency
  78. BAT 38:In order to recover organic compounds from ethylbenzene dehydrogenation prior to the recovery of hydrogen (see BAT 39), BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  79. BAT 39:Division BAT 39:
  80. BAT 40:Division BAT 40:
  81. Residues
  82. BAT 41:In order to reduce the amount of waste being sent for disposal from spent catalyst neutralisation in the AlCl3-catalysed ethylbenzene production process, BAT is to recover residual organic compounds by stripping and then concentrate the aqueous phase to give a usable AlCl3 by-product.
  83. BAT 42:In order to prevent or reduce the amount of waste tar being sent for disposal from the distillation unit of ethylbenzene production, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  84. BAT 43:Division BAT 43:
  85. BAT 44:In order to reduce the amount of organic residues being sent for disposal from styrene monomer production including its co-production with propylene oxide, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  86. 5BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR FORMALDEHYDE PRODUCTION
  87. Emissions to air
  88. BAT 45:In order to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from formaldehyde production and to use energy efficiently, BAT is to use one of the techniques given below.
  89. Emissions to water
  90. BAT 46:In order to prevent or reduce waste water generation (e.g. from cleaning, spills and condensates) and the organic load discharged to further waste water treatment, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  91. Residues
  92. BAT 47:In order to reduce the amount of paraformaldehyde-containing waste being sent for disposal, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  93. 6BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE AND ETHYLENE GLYCOLS PRODUCTION
  94. Process selection
  95. BAT 48:Division BAT 48:
  96. Emissions to air
  97. BAT 49:In order to recover ethylene and energy and to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from the EO plant, BAT is to use both of the techniques given below.
  98. BAT 50:In order to reduce the consumption of ethylene and oxygen and to reduce CO2 emissions to air from the EO unit, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques in BAT 15 and to use inhibitors.
  99. BAT 51:In order to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from the desorption of CO2 from the scrubbing medium used in the EO plant, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  100. BAT 52:In order to reduce EO emissions to air, BAT is to use wet scrubbing for waste gas streams containing EO.
  101. BAT 53:In order to prevent or reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from cooling of the EO absorbent in the EO recovery unit, BAT is to use one of the techniques given below.
  102. Emissions to water
  103. BAT 54:In order to reduce the waste water volume and to reduce the organic load discharged from the product purification to final waste water treatment, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  104. Residues
  105. BAT 55:In order to reduce the amount of organic waste being sent for disposal from the EO and EG plant, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  106. 7BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR PHENOL PRODUCTION
  107. Emissions to air
  108. BAT 56:In order to recover raw materials and to reduce the organic load sent from the cumene oxidation unit to the final waste gas treatment, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  109. BAT 57:In order to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air, BAT is to use technique d given below for waste gas from the cumene oxidation unit. For any other individual or combined waste gas streams, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  110. Emissions to water
  111. BAT 58:In order to reduce emissions to water of organic peroxides from the oxidation unit and, if necessary, to protect the downstream biological waste water treatment plant, BAT is to pretreat waste water containing organic peroxides using hydrolysis before it is combined with other waste water streams and discharged to the final biological treatment.
  112. BAT 59:In order to reduce the organic load discharged from the cleavage unit and the distillation unit to further waste water treatment, BAT is to recover phenol and other organic compounds (e.g. acetone) using extraction followed by stripping.
  113. Residues
  114. BAT 60:In order to prevent or reduce the amount of tar being sent for disposal from phenol purification, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  115. 8BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR ETHANOLAMINES PRODUCTION
  116. Emissions to air
  117. BAT 61:In order to reduce ammonia emissions to air and to reduce the consumption of ammonia from the aqueous ethanolamines production process, BAT is to use a multistage wet scrubbing system.
  118. Emissions to water
  119. BAT 62:In order to prevent or reduce emissions of organic compounds to air and emissions to water of organic substances from the vacuum systems, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  120. Raw material consumption
  121. BAT 63:In order to use ethylene oxide efficiently, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  122. 9BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI) AND METHYLENE DIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE (MDI) PRODUCTION
  123. Emissions to air
  124. BAT 64:In order to reduce the load of organic compounds, NOX, NOX precursors and SOX sent to the final waste gas treatment (see BAT 66) from DNT, TDA and MDA plants, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  125. BAT 65:In order to reduce the load of HCl and phosgene sent to the final waste gas treatment and to increase resource efficiency, BAT is to recover HCl and phosgene from the process off-gas streams of TDI and/or MDI plants by using an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  126. BAT 66:In order to reduce emissions to air of organic compounds (including chlorinated hydrocarbons), HCl and chlorine, BAT is to treat combined waste gas streams using a thermal oxidiser followed by caustic scrubbing.
  127. BAT 67:In order to reduce emissions to air of PCDD/F from a thermal oxidiser (see Section 12.1) treating process off-gas streams containing chlorine and/or chlorinated compounds, BAT is to use technique a, if necessary followed by technique b, given below.
  128. Emissions to water
  129. BAT 68:BAT is to monitor emissions to water with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  130. BAT 69:In order to reduce the load of nitrite, nitrate and organic compounds discharged from the DNT plant to waste water treatment, BAT is to recover raw materials, to reduce the waste water volume and to reuse water by using an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  131. BAT 70:In order to reduce the load of poorly biodegradable organic compounds discharged from the DNT plant to further waste water treatment, BAT is to pretreat the waste water using one or both of the techniques given below.
  132. BAT 71:In order to reduce waste water generation and the organic load discharged from the TDA plant to waste water treatment, BAT is to use a combination of techniques a., b. and c. and then to use technique d. as given below.
  133. BAT 72:In order to prevent or reduce the organic load discharged from MDI and/or TDI plants to final waste water treatment, BAT is to recover solvents and reuse water by optimising the design and operation of the plant.
  134. BAT 73:In order to reduce the organic load discharged from a MDA plant to further waste water treatment, BAT is to recover organic material using one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  135. Residues
  136. BAT 74:In order to reduce the amount of organic residues being sent for disposal from the TDI plant, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  137. 10BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE AND VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER PRODUCTION
  138. Emissions to air
  139. 10.1.1BAT-AEL for emissions to air from an EDC cracker furnace
  140. Techniques and BAT-AEL for emissions to air from other sources
  141. BAT 75:In order to reduce the organic load sent to the final waste gas treatment and to reduce raw material consumption, BAT is to use all of the techniques given below.
  142. BAT 76:In order to reduce emissions to air of organic compounds (including halogenated compounds), HCl and Cl2, BAT is to treat the combined waste gas streams from EDC and/or VCM production by using a thermal oxidiser followed by two-stage wet scrubbing.
  143. BAT 77:In order to reduce emissions to air of PCDD/F from a thermal oxidiser (see Section 12.1) treating process off-gas streams containing chlorine and/or chlorinated compounds, BAT is to use technique a, if necessary followed by technique b, given below.
  144. BAT 78:In order to reduce emissions to air of dust and CO from the decoking of the cracker tubes, BAT is to use one of the techniques to reduce the frequency of decoking given below and one or a combination of the abatement techniques given below.
  145. Emissions to water
  146. BAT 79:BAT is to monitor emissions to water with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  147. BAT 80:In order to reduce the load of chlorinated compounds discharged to further waste water treatment and to reduce emissions to air from the waste water collection and treatment system, BAT is to use hydrolysis and stripping as close as possible to the source.
  148. BAT 81:In order to reduce emissions to water of PCDD/F and copper from the oxychlorination process, BAT is to use technique a. or, alternatively, technique b together with an appropriate combination of techniques c., d. and e. given below.
  149. Energy efficiency
  150. BAT 82:In order to use energy efficiently, BAT is to use a boiling reactor for the direct chlorination of ethylene.
  151. BAT 83:In order to reduce the energy consumption of EDC cracker furnaces, BAT is to use promoters for the chemical conversion.
  152. Residues
  153. BAT 84:In order to reduce the amount of coke being sent for disposal from VCM plants, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  154. BAT 85:In order to reduce the amount of hazardous waste being sent for disposal and to increase resource efficiency, BAT is to use all of the techniques given below.
  155. 11BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRODUCTION
  156. Emissions to air
  157. BAT 86:In order to recover solvents and to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from all units other than the hydrogenation unit, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below. In the case of using air in the oxidation unit, this includes at least technique d. In the case of using pure oxygen in the oxidation unit, this includes at least technique b. using chilled water.
  158. BAT 87:In order to reduce emissions of organic compounds to air from the hydrogenation unit during start-up operations, BAT is to use condensation and/or adsorption.
  159. BAT 88:Division BAT 88:
  160. Emissions to water
  161. BAT 89:In order to reduce the waste water volume and the organic load discharged to waste water treatment, BAT is to use both of the techniques given below.
  162. BAT 90:In order to prevent or reduce emissions to water of poorly bioeliminable organic compounds, BAT is to use one of the techniques given below.
  163. DESCRIPTIONS OF TECHNIQUES
  164. 12.1Process off-gas and waste gas treatment techniques
  165. 12.2Waste water treatment techniques
  166. 12.3Techniques to reduce emissions to air from combustion