OpenLegislation

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)

EU Decision 2017/1442 · Adopted 31 July 2017 · Extends to United Kingdom

Original text. legislation.gov.uk does not revise this item, so later amendments are not shown here. Changes made to it are listed under each provision when known.

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442

of 31 July 2017

establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants

(notified under document C(2017) 5225)

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control)f1, and in partiular Article 13(5) thereof,

Whereas:

(1)

Best available techniques (BAT) conclusions are the reference for setting permit conditions for installations covered by Chapter II of Directive 2010/75/EU and competent authorities should set emission limit values which ensure that, under normal operating conditions, emissions do not exceed the emission levels associated with the best available techniques as laid down in the BAT conclusions.

(2)

The forum composed of representatives of Member States, the industries concerned and non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, established by Commission Decision of 16 May 2011f2, provided the Commission on 20 October 2016 with its opinion on the proposed content of the BAT reference document for large combustion plants. That opinion is publicly available.

(3)

The BAT conclusions set out in the Annex to this Decision are the key element of that BAT reference document.

(4)

The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 75(1) of Directive 2010/75/EU,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Annotations to the whole text

Footnotes

f1

OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p. 17.

f2

OJ C 146, 17.5.2011, p. 3.

Contents

  1. 1Article 1
  2. 2Application and Interpretation
  3. Signature
  4. Annex: BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES (BAT) CONCLUSIONS
  5. SCOPE
  6. DEFINITIONS
  7. ACRONYMS
  8. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
  9. Best Available Techniques
  10. Emission levels associated with the best available techniques (BAT-AELs)
  11. BAT-AELs for emissions to air
  12. BAT-AELs for emissions to water
  13. Energy efficiency levels associated with the best available techniques (BAT-AEELs)
  14. Categorisation of combustion plants/units according to their total rated thermal input
  15. 1GENERAL BAT CONCLUSIONS
  16. Environmental management systems
  17. BAT 1In order to improve the overall environmental performance, BAT is to implement and adhere to an environmental management system (EMS) that incorporates all of the following features:
  18. Applicability
  19. Monitoring
  20. BAT 2Division BAT 2
  21. BAT 3BAT is to monitor key process parameters relevant for emissions to air and water including those given below.
  22. BAT 4BAT is to monitor emissions to air with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  23. BAT 5BAT is to monitor emissions to water from flue-gas treatment with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
  24. General environmental and combustion performance
  25. BAT 6In order to improve the general environmental performance of combustion plants and to reduce emissions to air of CO and unburnt substances, BAT is to ensure optimised combustion and to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  26. In order to reduce emissions of ammonia to air from the use of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and/or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) for the abatement of NOX emissions, BAT is to optimise the design and/or operation of SCR and/or SNCR (e.g. optimised reagent to NOX ratio, homogeneous reagent distribution and optimum size of the reagent drops).
  27. BAT-associated emission levels
  28. BAT 8Division BAT 8
  29. BAT 9In order to improve the general environmental performance of combustion and/or gasification plants and to reduce emissions to air, BAT is to include the following elements in the quality assurance/quality control programmes for all the fuels used, as part of the environmental management system (see BAT 1):
  30. Description
  31. BAT 10In order to reduce emissions to air and/or to water during other than normal operating conditions (OTNOC), BAT is to set up and implement a management plan as part of the environmental management system (see BAT 1), commensurate with the relevance of potential pollutant releases, that includes the following elements:
  32. BAT is to appropriately monitor emissions to air and/or to water during OTNOC.
  33. Description
  34. Energy efficiency
  35. BAT 12In order to increase the energy efficiency of combustion, gasification and/or IGCC units operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.
  36. Water usage and emissions to water
  37. BAT 13In order to reduce water usage and the volume of contaminated waste water discharged, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  38. In order to prevent the contamination of uncontaminated waste water and to reduce emissions to water, BAT is to segregate waste water streams and to treat them separately, depending on the pollutant content.
  39. Description
  40. Applicability
  41. BAT 15In order to reduce emissions to water from flue-gas treatment, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below, and to use secondary techniques as close as possible to the source in order to avoid dilution.
  42. Waste management
  43. BAT 16In order to reduce the quantity of waste sent for disposal from the combustion and/or gasification process and abatement techniques, BAT is to organise operations so as to maximise, in order of priority and taking into account life-cycle thinking:
  44. Noise emissions
  45. BAT 17In order to reduce noise emissions, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  46. BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF SOLID FUELS
  47. 2.1BAT conclusions for the combustion of coal and/or lignite
  48. General environmental performance
  49. BAT 18In order to improve the general environmental performance of the combustion of coal and/or lignite, and in addition to BAT 6, BAT is to use the technique given below.
  50. Energy efficiency
  51. BAT 19In order to increase the energy efficiency of the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  52. NOX, N2O and CO emissions to air
  53. BAT 20In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO and N2O emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  54. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  55. BAT 21In order to prevent or reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  56. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  57. BAT 22In order to reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  58. Mercury emissions to air
  59. BAT 23In order to prevent or reduce mercury emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  60. 2.2BAT conclusions for the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat
  61. 2.2.1Energy efficiency
  62. NOX, N2O and CO emissions to air
  63. BAT 24In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO and N2O emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  64. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  65. BAT 25In order to prevent or reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  66. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  67. BAT 26In order to reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  68. Mercury emissions to air
  69. BAT 27In order to prevent or reduce mercury emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  70. 3BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUELS
  71. 3.1HFO- and/or gas-oil-fired boilers
  72. 3.1.1Energy efficiency
  73. NOX and CO emissions to air
  74. BAT 28In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO emissions to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  75. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  76. BAT 29In order to prevent or reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  77. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  78. BAT 30In order to reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  79. 3.2HFO- and/or gas-oil-fired engines
  80. Energy efficiency
  81. BAT 31In order to increase the energy efficiency of HFO and/or gas oil combustion in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  82. NOX, CO and volatile organic compound emissions to air
  83. BAT 32In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  84. BAT 33In order to prevent or reduce emissions of CO and volatile organic compounds to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use one or both of the techniques given below.
  85. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  86. BAT 34In order to prevent or reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  87. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  88. BAT 35In order to prevent or reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions from the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  89. 3.3Gas-oil-fired gas turbines
  90. Energy efficiency
  91. BAT 36In order to increase the energy efficiency of gas oil combustion in gas turbines, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  92. 3.3.2NOX and CO emissions to air
  93. BAT 37In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of gas oil in gas turbines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  94. BAT 38In order to prevent or reduce CO emissions to air from the combustion of gas oil in gas turbines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  95. SOX and dust emissions to air
  96. BAT 39In order to prevent or reduce SOX and dust emissions to air from the combustion of gas oil in gas turbines, BAT is to use the technique given below.
  97. BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF GASEOUS FUELS
  98. 4.1BAT conclusions for the combustion of natural gas
  99. Energy efficiency
  100. BAT 40In order to increase the energy efficiency of natural gas combustion, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  101. NOX, CO, NMVOC and CH4 emissions to air
  102. BAT 41In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of natural gas in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  103. BAT 42In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of natural gas in gas turbines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  104. BAT 43In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of natural gas in engines, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  105. BAT 44In order to prevent or reduce CO emissions to air from the combustion of natural gas, BAT is to ensure optimised combustion and/or to use oxidation catalysts.
  106. Description
  107. BAT 45In order to reduce non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and methane (CH4) emissions to air from the combustion of natural gas in spark-ignited lean-burn gas engines, BAT is to ensure optimised combustion and/or to use oxidation catalysts.
  108. Description
  109. 4.2BAT conclusions for the combustion of iron and steel process gases
  110. Energy efficiency
  111. BAT 46In order to increase the energy efficiency of the combustion of iron and steel process gases, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  112. NOX and CO emissions to air
  113. BAT 47In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of iron and steel process gases in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  114. BAT 48In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of iron and steel process gases in CCGTs, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  115. BAT 49In order to prevent or reduce CO emissions to air from the combustion of iron and steel process gases, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  116. SOX emissions to air
  117. BAT 50In order to prevent or reduce SOX emissions to air from the combustion of iron and steel process gases, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
  118. Dust emissions to air
  119. BAT 51In order to reduce dust emissions to air from the combustion of iron and steel process gases, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  120. 4.3BAT conclusions for the combustion of gaseous and/or liquid fuels on offshore platforms
  121. BAT 52In order to improve the general environmental performance of the combustion of gaseous and/or liquid fuels on offshore platforms, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  122. BAT 53In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air from the combustion of gaseous and/or liquid fuels on offshore platforms, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  123. BAT 54In order to prevent or reduce CO emissions to air from the combustion of gaseous and/or liquid fuels in gas turbines on offshore platforms, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  124. BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR MULTI-FUEL-FIRED PLANTS
  125. 5.1BAT conclusions for the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry
  126. General environmental performance
  127. BAT 55In order to improve the general environmental performance of the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry in boilers, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 6 and below.
  128. 5.1.2Energy efficiency
  129. NOX and CO emissions to air
  130. BAT 56In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO emissions to air from the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  131. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  132. BAT 57In order to reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  133. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  134. BAT 58In order to reduce emissions to air of dust, particulate-bound metals, and trace species from the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  135. Emissions of volatile organic compounds and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans to air
  136. BAT 59In order to reduce emissions to air of volatile organic compounds and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans from the combustion of process fuels from the chemical industry in boilers, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given in BAT 6 and below.
  137. 6BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR THE CO-INCINERATION OF WASTE
  138. General environmental performance
  139. BAT 60In order to improve the general environmental performance of the co-incineration of waste in combustion plants, to ensure stable combustion conditions, and to reduce emissions to air, BAT is to use technique BAT 60 (a) below and a combination of the techniques given in BAT 6 and/or the other techniques below.
  140. BAT 61Division BAT 61
  141. BAT 62Division BAT 62
  142. Energy efficiency
  143. BAT 63In order to increase the energy efficiency of the co-incineration of waste, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and BAT 19, depending on the main fuel type used and on the plant configuration.
  144. NOX and CO emissions to air
  145. BAT 64Division BAT 64
  146. BAT 65Division BAT 65
  147. SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air
  148. BAT 66Division BAT 66
  149. BAT 67Division BAT 67
  150. Dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air
  151. BAT 68In order to reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air from the co-incineration of waste with coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given in BAT 22.
  152. BAT 69In order to reduce dust and particulate-bound metal emissions to air from the co-incineration of waste with biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given in BAT 26.
  153. Mercury emissions to air
  154. BAT 70Division BAT 70
  155. Emissions of volatile organic compounds and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans to air
  156. BAT 71In order to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans to air from the co-incineration of waste with biomass, peat, coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given in BAT 6, BAT 26 and below.
  157. 7BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR GASIFICATION
  158. Energy efficiency
  159. BAT 72In order to increase the energy efficiency of IGCC and gasification units, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.
  160. NOX and CO emissions to air
  161. BAT 73In order to prevent and/or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO emissions to air from IGCC plants, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  162. SOX emissions to air
  163. BAT 74In order to reduce SOX emissions to air from IGCC plants, BAT is to use the technique given below.
  164. Dust, particulate-bound metal, ammonia and halogen emissions to air
  165. BAT 75In order to prevent or reduce dust, particulate-bound metal, ammonia and halogen emissions to air from IGCC plants, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
  166. DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUES
  167. 8.1General techniques
  168. 8.2Techniques to increase energy efficiency
  169. 8.3Techniques to reduce emissions of NOX and/or CO to air
  170. 8.4Techniques to reduce emissions of SOX, HCl and/or HF to air
  171. 8.5Techniques to reduce emissions to air of dust, metals including mercury, and/or PCDD/F
  172. 8.6Techniques to reduce emissions to water